week5谓语的翻译.ppt

DifferencesofSubject-PredicateStructurebetweenChinese&English汉语的分析型(analytic)语言VS.英语的综合型(synthetic)语言汉语的复杂谓语成分VS.英语的单一谓语成分汉语谓语的多主动式VS.英语谓语的多被动式,4.ChoiceofPredicate,分析型语言VS综合型语言,汉语分析型语言典型特征：无词尾屈折变化(inflection)英语综合型语言有丰富的屈折变化形式：tabletablesrunranruntheboysShesingsbeautifully.我（你，他，他们）来自深圳。I(You/He/They)am(are/is/are)/fromShenzhen.Ccome(come,comes/come),谓语成分的复杂性VS英语的单一谓语成分,1.她的未婚夫都60了。Herfiancisalready60yearsold.2.我想吃麦当劳。IwanttoeatattheMacdonalds.3.快餐食品并不健康！Fastfoodisnotwholesome,afterall.4.三星的手机外观很漂亮。SamsungBrandcellphoneslookbeautiful.,5.历史,人民创造的。Historyismadebythepeople.6.他就会持枪劫车杀人越货。Heisgoodfornothingbuthijackingvehiclesandlootingthegoodsbykillingthedriverswithhisgun.,汉语谓语的多主动式VS.英语谓语的多被动式,1.问题解决了。Theproblemhasbeensolved.2.大家都觉得这样做不妥。Itisgenerallyconsiderednotadvisabletoactthatway.3.必须采取措施来控制水污染。Measureshavetobetakentocontrolthewaterpollution.4.明天下午两点开教学研讨会，全体教师务必参加。TherewillbeaTeachingSymposiumat2：00p.m.tomorrowAllthefacultyareexpectedtoattend,确定谓语的原则,谓语要和主语保持人称、数的一致；谓语要明示汉语隐含的时态、情态和语气；谓语必须与主语及宾语在逻辑上搭配得当4.原文若是形容词短语、名词性短语、数量词或介词短语做谓语，译文常代之以系表结构5.原文若为有/无形式标志的被动式，译文宜用被动式作谓语；6.若不知原文谓语动作的发出者是谁，或者原文的主语为“人们”、“大家”等，或者句中含有“据传”、“据悉”等字眼，译文的谓语常用以“it”为形式主语的被动句式；,1.他的那副尊容，只要见过一次，无论什么时候都不会忘记。Hehasafacethatonceyouseewillneverbeforgotten.2.当前，我国的职业教育和成人教育正在加快发展。Vocationaleducationandadulteducationarebeingpushedonenergeticallyinourcountry.3.她的独子让车给轧了。Heronlysonwasrunoverbyacar.,所选的谓语在人称和数上与主语一致,1.茶会上只供应茶和蛋糕。Onlyteaandcakeswillbeservedattheteaparty.2.今晚有人在此讲了些不该讲的话。Somethingwhichshouldnthavebeenmentionedwassaidheretonight.3.他做实验时心不在焉，几乎引起化学药物爆炸。Hisabsent-mindednessduringtheexperimentnearlycausedanexplosionofthechemical.,所选的谓语必须保持时态、语气、情态和语态与原文语义相吻合,4.本公司全体同仁竭诚为各界服务。Ourcorporationwillwhole-heartedlyservevariouscircles.5.我希望一年四季都是春天。Iwishitwerespringalltheyearround.6.石油价格自去年以来稳步上升。Oilpriceshavebeenrisingsteadilysincelastyear.7.该产品贯来是市场紧俏产品。Thisproducthassoldwellsinceitenteredthemarket.,1.（日本派大批的留学生，到中国来学习中国文化。）自然，他们也学会了中国的饮茶。Accordingly,theybecameaccustomedtotheChinesetea-drinking.2.本书精选中国南方26个少数民族的131则脍炙人口的故事。Thebookconsistsof131superbstoriespopularamong26minoritynationalitiesinthesouthofChina.3.这一证书课程分三年学完。Thiscertificatecoursewillspreadoverthreeyear.,注意谓语与主语及宾语的逻辑搭配,原文若是形容词短语、名词性短语、数量词或介词短语做谓语，译文常代之以系表结构1.这部电影很有教育意义。Thefilmisveryinstructive.2.北京的秋天最美。AutumnisthemostbeautifulseasoninBeijing.3.她今年21岁。Sheistwenty-onethisyear.4.经理今天不在办公室里。Themanagerisnotintheofficetoday.,5.他们正在谈论的那个女老师品格正直。Thewomanteachertheyarenowtalkingaboutisupright.6.武汉这个地方，我觉得比深圳好。IthinkWuhanisbetterthanShenzhen.7.这种打字机轻便耐用又经济实惠，适合高中学生使用。Thistypeoftypewriterisportableanddurable,economicalandpracticalforhighschoolstudents.,民工潮新年春节刚过，农村的破旧小车站就挤满了成千上万的农民。他们只有一个目的，到城市去。八十年代初，农村的改革，使得千千万万的农民从土地上解放了出来，纷纷跑到城市找工作。自那以后，这种大规模的民工潮一直使城市感到头痛。这不仅是因为对城市设施造成了极大的压力，而且他们担心会引发许多社会矛盾。所以外来民工往往被看成二等公民，不能成为城市居民，孩子不能在城市读书。但是另一方面，城市和经济开发区的发展急切需要大批劳力到工厂和建设工地。而且政府也感到如果不让农民出来，让他们也富起来，城乡的穷富差别将进一步拉大。而农民的不满加剧，会导致社会动乱。FloodofmigrantworkersRightafterSpringFestival,asmalloldstationofruralwasfilledwiththousandsoffarmers.Theyonlyhadonepurposewenttothecities.Earlyeighties,thereformofruralareas,thousandsoffarmersfromthelandliberatedwenttocitiesinsearchofworkoneafteranother.Sincethen,thismassivefloodofmigrantworkersmadethecitiesgetaheadache.Notonlybecausemigrantworkerscausedgreatpressureoncitiesfacilities,butalsourbancitizensworriedaboutthatitwouldleadtoanumberofsocialconflicts.Therefore,migrantworkerswereoftenseenassecond-classcitizens.Theycouldntbecomeurbanresidentsaswellastheirchildrencouldntgotoschoolinthecity.Ontheotherhand,thedevelopmentofurbanandeconomicdevelopmentalregionseagerlyneededalargenumberoflabortoworkonfactoriesandconstructionsites.Moreover,thegovernment