2019届高三英语1月考前测试试卷(含解析).doc

2019届高三英语1月考前测试试卷(含解析)本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷（非选择题）两部分，共150分，考试时间120分钟。第I卷（选择题 共100分）第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. Why is the woman going to China?A. To go sightseeing. B. To visit her son. C. To look after a baby.2. What will the woman do tonight?A. Watch an old movie. B. Have fun with the man. C. Hang out with her friend.3. What does the woman think of her job?A. Quite dangerous. B. A bit boring. C. Very interesting.4. Who might Mr. Brown be?A. The womans husband. B. The mans friend. C. The mans boss.5. Whats the weather most probably like today?A. Rainy. B. Cold. C. Hot.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。6. How did the man most probably get there?A. By air. B. By car. C. By train.7. What does the man like doing during a trip?A. Enjoying the scenery. B. Talking with people. C. Trying to save money.听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。8. Who is in the house opposite the street?A. The Smiths. B. Some kids. C. Nobody.9. What will the speakers probably do?A. Leave the children enjoying themselves.B. Stop the kids playing with fireworks.C. Call the fire station right away.听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。10. What was the mans attitude to Disneys princess movies at first?A. Curious. B. Favorable. C. Negative.11. What saves Snow White in the womans opinion?A. Her good nature. B. A brave prince. C. Her beauty.12. What does the man decide to do in the end?A. Take some lessons. B. Watch princess movies.C. Go to an important meeting.听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。13. Whom is the CNA program mainly for?A. Retired people. B. High school students. C. Job hunters.14. How often does the coursework take place?A. Three times a week.B. Four times a week.C. Five times a week.15. What is probably the mans aunt?A. A professor. B. A school doctor. C. A nursing assistant.16. Why will the woman go to the mans home tonight?A. To visit his family. B. To take an interview.C. To get more information.听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。17. Which country has the best non-native English speakers?A. The Netherlands. B. Denmark. C. Sweden.18. What do the findings of the report show?A. Learning grammar rules is important.B. Speaking the language often really helps.C. European countries use the same teaching approach.19. Generally why cant people in the Middle East use English well?A. They consider English useless.B. They have little media contact.C. They lack good English teaching.20. What is the report mainly about?A. English using abilities in different countries.B. Europes efforts in English teaching.C. Useful ways of English learning.第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Cold Dew (寒露), the 17th solar term of the year, begins this year on Oct 8 and ends on Oct 23.At this time, temperatures are much lower than in White Dew in most areas of China. The dew is greater and colder and there will be less rain. Autumn crops will be ripe.Here are four things you should know about Cold Dew.Foggy autumnTemperatures drop a lot in October. When the cold air meets with autumn rain, the water vapor in the air soon reaches saturation(饱和), and then it turns into misty rain or fog, causing many areas foggy in China.Season for fishingPeople always say that fishing in shallow water in autumn does make sense. Thats because during the Cold Dew period, temperatures decrease quickly and sunshine cannot reach the deep water thoroughly. Fish all swim to shallow water areas where the water temperature is relatively high.Season for drinking chrysanthemum wineChrysanthemum is the typical flower of Cold Dew. To prevent autumn dryness, many regions in China have the custom of drinking chrysanthemum wine. This is a tradition of the Double Ninth Festival (on the ninth day of the ninth month in the Chinese calendar), which often falls around Cold Dew.A great time for hikingDuring Cold Dew, North China takes on a look of late autumn with white clouds, red leaves and early frost. On the day of the Double Ninth Festival, people often climb hills with cornels, a kind of plant. This custom aims to drive away evils, and dated from the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD25-220).1. How long does Cold Dew last this year?A. 24 days B. 17 daysC. 15 days D. 23 days2. Fishing in shallow water in autumn makes sense because _.A. the water temperature there is higher than that of deep waterB. it can drive away evils and enjoy the beauty of autumnC. the temperature drops a lot with the fog appearing in OctoberD. it is the custom to prevent autumn dryness in many regions3. In which part of newspaper may we find the passage?A. business B. sportsC. culture D. travel【答案】1. C 2. A 3. C【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国24节气中的寒露，简单说明了这一节气中人们可以从事的主要活动及原因。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Cold Dew (寒露), the 17th solar term of the year, begins this year on Oct 8 and ends on Oct 23.”可知，今年的寒露开始于10月8日，结束于10月23日，共计15天。故C项正确。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段第二句“Thats because during the Cold Dew period, temperatures decrease quickly and sunshine cannot reach the deep water thoroughly. Fish all swim to shallow water areas where the water temperature is relatively high.”可知，因为阳光无法照射到深水区，浅层水被太阳照射以后温度较高，鱼会到水温较高的浅水区活动，所以寒露季节在浅水区捕鱼是正确的行为。故A项正确。【3题详解】推理判断题。本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国24节气中的寒露，简单说明了这一节气中人们可以从事的主要活动及原因。本文是中国文化方面的内容，所以最可能出现在报纸中的文化板块。故C项正确。BRey Castueiano didnt plan to bee his fathers primary caregiver，but when Castuciano spent six weeks in a nursing home with his father who had a stroke(中风)，it led to a moment that changed Castucianos life for the better“I befriended a lot of the nursing home residents(居民)，”Castuciano says“I got to know them and noticed how many talents and how much wisdom they hadBut there was also a lot of depression and social isolation”During one of his stops in the nursing homes caf，he watched a video about seniors in the United States helping Brazilian students improve their English through Skype sessionsThats when his idea was bornHe saw a way to benefit two populations，older Americans and newers，at onceAnd in xx，he founded Table Wisdom，whose mission is to bring together mature adults and younger people born abroad(i.e，recent immigrants and international students)for weekly guidance and conversational English via video chat“Being a caregiver wasnt something I was prepared to do”he notes“It was kind of just presented to me，and I had to figure it outIt can be very exhausting and stressful，balancing caregiving with being the founder of a social enterpriseBut at the same time，its satisfying and rewarding work”And Castueiano says that hes on the fight pathTo date，Table Wisdom has made more than 90 matchesTo match people，mon interests and personality type are taken into considerationMost connect by whatever video software they prefer(for example，FaceTime or WeChat)For the older adults who struggle with technology or dont have a reliable internet connection，conversations can take place by phoneThese days，Castuciano is planning to help his parents reunite with family members in southern California，since his father is now doing wellHe says，“Taking care of older people is embedded(融入)in our culture”4. How did Castuciano have the idea of founding Table Wisdom?A. By working in the nursing homes cafeB. By helping newers improve their EnglishC. By watching a video about seniors helping studentsD. By municating with residents in the nursing home5. What is the purpose of Table Wisdom?A. To make sure the old can be well cared forB. To help the youngsters get rid of lonelinessC. To stress the importance of mon interestsD. To benefit the old and newers by video chat6. According to the passage，we can infer that_A. people can make conversations only on the InternetB. Table Wisdom works well and contributes to cultural exchangeC. age and interests are considered necessary when matching peopleD. Table Wisdom offers young people monthly conversational English7. Which of the following can describe Castucianos job as a caregiver?A. Dangerous but rewarding B. Challengeable and impracticalC. Tiring but worthwhile D. Stressful and meaningless【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. C【解析】【分析】本文讲述的是通过看一个关于老年人帮助学生的视频，Castuciano 产生了一个有创意的想法，这个创意的目的是通过视频聊天让老人们和新人们受益。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段During one of his stops in the nursing homes caf，he watched a video about seniors in the United States helping Brazilian students improve their English through Skype sessions.可知，通过看一个关于老年人帮助学生的视频，Castuciano 产生了一个有创意的想法。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段He saw a way to benefit two populations, older Americans and newers, at once.可知，这个创意的目的是通过视频聊天让老人们和新人们受益。故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段And in xx, he founded Table Wisdom , whose mission is to bring together mature adults and younger people born abroad (i.e, recent immigrants and international students ) for weekly guidance and conversational English via video chat .可知，这个项目有利于文化的传播和交流。故选B。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段It was kind of just presented to me, and I had to figure it out. It can be very exhausting and stressful, balancing caregiving with being the founder of a social enterprise. But at the same time ,its satisfying and rewarding work可知，他认为这份工作虽然很累，但是却很值得去做，很有意义。故选C。【点睛】文章内容较为简单，集中考查细节题，对此类题型，考生可以首先从问题中找到关键词然后以此为线索，运用略读及查阅的技巧在文中迅速寻找这一细节找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别。如小题2选择项中关键词的be well cared for，到文章找到关键词benefit。所以我们考生要通过比较这些细微区别，仔细辨别才能得出答案。CGoogles new camera, called Clips, is a small, smart device. It es with a case that has a clip (夹子)，but its not designed to be worn on your clothing. Most interestingly, it uses artificial intelligence to take photography out of your hands so it can capture moments on its own.This roughly 2-inch by 2-inch camera, with a three-hour battery life and Gorilla Glass for toughness, is intended for candid moments, like when a child does something cute that may happen too quickly for you to pull out your smartphone.Onboard the Clips device, it uses machine learning algorithms (计算程序) to help capture scenes. Those algorithms include face recognition. “Once it learns that theres a face you see frequently, itll try to get nice photos of those faces,” said Juston Payne, the devices product manager. And they also want it to recognize facial expressions, which involved “training it to know what happiness looks like”. The Google team also trained it to recognize what not to shoot like when a childs hand is over the lens, or if it is tossed in a dark purse.The only way to see the images is by connecting the camera with your phone, as it has no screen for viewing or editing.Were people concerned it could seem strange? Yes, Payne admitted. But they said they addressed that by making it obvious what it is. A green light on the front signals that it is on. Besides, unlike a camera meant to monitor your home, it is not connected to the Internet.“This product is only possible because of the way that silicon has advanced” Payne said, noting that it was only in the past year or so that they could squeeze the technology down into a device this size. Going forward, were likely to get more assistance from the artificial intelligence packed into our apps and gadgets.8. What is the most outstanding feature of Clips?A. It is equipped with tough glass.B. It enables easy internet access.C. It allows of hands-free photography.D. It can be worn on your clothing.9. What does the underlined word “candid”, in Paragraph 2 mean?A. brief B. touching.C. unforgettable. D. embarrassing.10. What makes Clips a reality according to Juston Payne?A. The popularity of the Internet.B. The advance in technology.C. The rise of the smartphone industry.D. The reduction in the price of lens.11. What is the best title for the text?A. A New Digital Camera from Google.B. New Gadgets in the Age of Apps.C. Artificial Intelligence in Everyday Life.D. An Alternative Way to Photograph.【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B 11. A【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍一台来自谷歌的新型数码相机。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句Most interestingly, it uses artificial intelligence to take photography out of your hands so it can capture moments on its own.可知，剪辑最突出的特点是“它允许免提拍摄。”故选C。【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段This roughly 2-inch by 2-inch camera, with a three-hour battery life and Gorilla Glass for toughness, is intended for candid moments, like when a child does something cute that may happen too quickly for you to pull out your smartphone. 这款大约2英寸x2英寸的相机，电池续航时间为3个小时，坚固耐用的是Gorilla Glass玻璃。这款相机是专为偷拍而设计的，比如当一个孩子做了一件很可爱的事情，而这件事发生得太快了，你可能都拿不出你的智能手机了。由此推知划线词的意思是“简短的”。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中This product is only possible because of the way that silicon has advanced” Payne said,根据Juston Payne可知技术的进步让剪辑成为现实。故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段Googles new camera, called Clips, is a small, smart device. It es with a case that has a clip (夹子)，but its not designed to be worn on your clothing. Most interestingly, it uses artificial intelligence to take photography out of your hands so it can capture moments on its own.可知，本文介绍一台来自谷歌的新型数码相机。故选A。DWhen a laptop or smartphone battery starts losing its power，the only options are to buy an expensive replacement，or just keep it plugged in all the timeBut a woman Mya Le Thai may have found the answer to this problemThai was frustrated that the batteries for her wireless devices degraded(降级)over time，until they failed to charge fullyShe did not like having to keep her laptop connected to an electrical outlet to keep it powered onSo，she decided to do something about that problemAt first，she and her team at UC Irvine thought about inventing a new batteryBut as they experimented，Thai discovered something that might permit lithiumion(锂离子)batteries to last foreverLithium-ion batteries power most wireless devicesOver time，the batteries lose the ability to hold a chargeMost of these batteries have a life span of about 7,000 charging cycles before they dieOne of the reasons lithiumion batteries degrade is their use of nanowires to carry electricityNanowires are extremely thinA human hair is thousands of times thicker，for exampleNanowires are extremely efficient carriers of electricity，which makes them useful in batteriesBut，Thai had a theorythe nanowires might last longer if covered with a gel(凝胶)She and her team tested this theory“It was a long process and a lot of work，”Thai saidThe team tried many coverings for the wiresPMMA，a type of plastic，was one of themThe nanowires were coated with PMMA and cycled through charges 200，000 timesThe PMMA-coated nanowires showed no evidence of damageThe results suggest that batteries could last forever，without losing charging abilityThai hopes to continue her research to understand why this gel works so well and to see if any other gel could create better results and she is enjoying the publicity about her discoveryShe said she never expected her research to get media coverage“Its kind of cool,”she said“Im really glad people are showing interest in my work and not just in the work itself，but also in technology and energy”12. Why did Mya Le Thai work on lithium-ion batteries?A. She disliked the batteries for her laptopB. Her team were assigned to invent a new batteryC. Many people thought batteries were too expensiveD. The batteries would soon lose the function to charge fully13. What can we infer about nanowires?A. They last only 7,000 charging cyclesB. They are too weak to carry electricityC. They are not suitable to use in batteriesD. Their thinness is a cause of batteries degrade14. What might be Thai and her teams breakthrough?A. Coating nanowires in gel B. A new kind of batteryC. New materials for batteries D. A new way of charging batteries15. What may be the best title for the passage?A. The options of batteries for wireless devicesB. A woman invents a lifelong battery.C. Mya Le Thai discovered NanowiresD. The reasons for batteries degrading【答案】12. D 13. D 14. A 15. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇科技类短文阅读。文章主要讲述一位名叫Mya Le Thai女士研发出可永久循环使用电池。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段Thai was frustrated that the batteries for her wireless devices degraded(降级)over time，until they failed to charge fully. She did not like having to keep her laptop connected to an electrical outlet to keep it powered on. So, she decided to do something about that problem.可知，Thai研究锂电池是因为她的无线设备的电池完全失去了充电功能。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段One of the reasons lithiumion batteries degrade is their use of nanowires to carry electricity. Nanowires are extremely thin.可知，用来电力输送的纳米线及其的细，导致了电池的降级。故选D。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段The nanowires were coated with PMMA and cycled through charges 200，000 times. The PMMA-coated nanowires showed no evidence of damage. The results suggest that batteries could last forever, without losing charging ability.可知，Thai和她的团队在纳米线上裹上PMMA并循环充电20万次，没有损坏的迹象，且没有失去充电能力，说明Thai和她的团队在此方面取得了突破。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段When a laptop or smartphone battery starts losing its power, he only options are to buy an expensive replacement, or just keep it plugged in all the time. But a woman Mya Le Thai may have found the answer to this problem.和全文内容可知，本文主要讲述一位名叫Mya Le Thai女士研发出可永久循环使用电池。故选B。【点睛】考查阅读理解选择最佳标题时，需要注意排除绝对化或片面的选项，要放眼全文，从首段和末段寻找文章的主旨大意。小题4就是根据文章首段第一句When a laptop or smartphone battery starts losing its power, he only options are to buy an expensive replacement, or just keep it plugged in all the time. But a woman Mya Le Thai may have found the answer to this problem.及全文内容概括出标题。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分