中考英语 语法精讲精练 第3节 代词课件 人教新目标版.ppt

,英语,第3节代词,考点突破,中考导航,巧学妙记,课堂小测,拓展知识点,中考模拟演练,中考导航,1.人称代词的人称、数和格，如下表所示:,首页,末页,考点突破,首页,末页,2.人称代词有主格和宾格之分。通常主格作主语，宾格作宾语。动词前面用主格，动词或介词之后用宾格。如:Iliketabletennis.(作主语)我喜欢打乒乓球。Doyouknowhim?(作宾语)你认识他吗?3.人称代词还可作表语，作表语时用宾格。如:Whoisknockingatthedoor?谁在敲门？Itsme.是我。4.一般情况下，多个人称代词同时出现的顺序是：单数是you，heandI。复数是we，youandthey。,考点突破,首页,末页,()1.(2010广东)Myfatherisillinbed.Ihavetolookafterathome.A.heB.hisC.himD.himself,考点突破,母题训练,C,中考预测,()2.MyEnglishissopoor,pleasehelptoimproveit.A.meB.IC.myD.mine,A,首页,末页,1.表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，如下表所示:,考点突破,首页,末页,2.形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词，可在句中作定语。一般情况下形容词性物主代词后面接名词。如:Ourteacheriscomingtoseeus.我们的老师要来看我们了。3.名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词，在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。一般情况下名词性物主代词后面不可接名词。如:Ourschoolishereandtheirsisthere.(作主语)我们的学校在这里，他们的在那里。,考点突破,首页,末页,考点突破,()1.(2011广东)Oh!Icameinahurryandforgottobringfood.Itdoesntmatter.Youcanhave.A.weB.usC.ourD.ours,母题训练,D,A,中考预测,()3.MaryandGinaaremycousins.fatherworksinDongfengCompany.A.TheirB.TheyC.ThemD.Theirs,首页,末页,()4.Sarn,whoteachesChinese?Mrs.White.ShehaslivedinChinaforyears.Chineseisverygood.A.you;HerB.your;HersC.you;HimD.your;She,考点突破,中考预测,A,A,()2.(2008广东)Isthatdog?No.iswhite.A.his；HisB.her；HisC.he；HisD.her；Her,母题训练,首页,末页,英语中用来表示“我自己”，“你自己”，“他自己”，“我们自己”，“你们自己”，“他们自己”等意义的代词称为反身代词，也有人称之为自身代名词，其形式如下表所示：,考点突破,首页,末页,1.反身代词可以在句中作宾语、表语和同位语。(1)作宾语，表示动作的承受者就是动作的发出者，主语和宾语指同一个人或一些人。如:Hecalledhimselfawriter.他称自己为作家。(2)作表语。如:Thegirlinthenewsismyself.新闻里的女孩就是我自己。(3)作主语或宾语的同位语，表示亲自或本人。如:Youshouldasktheteacherhimself.(作宾语同位语)你应该问老师他自己。,考点突破,首页,末页,2.反身代词必须要与被指代人在人称和数上保持一致，意为“某人自己”。如：Youcandoallthehomeworkbyyourself.你可以自己做所有的家庭作业。3.反身代词在实际运用中，可构成很多固定词组。teachoneself=learnbyoneself自学enjoyoneself玩得高兴helponeselfto随便吃cometooneself苏醒过来loseoneself迷路dressoneself自己穿衣服,考点突破,首页,末页,反身代词莫乱用，能作句中宾(宾语)、表(表语)、同(同位语)，主语、定语不能用，固定搭配要记清。,巧学妙记,首页,末页,巧学妙记,母题训练,中考预测,()1.(2015广东)Lookatthismodelship.Imadeitallby_lastweek.Wow,youaresosmart!A.meB.ymyC.mineD.myself,()3.Dontworry.Wereoldenoughtolookafter_.A.myselfB.meC.ourselvesD.us,D,C,首页,末页,巧学妙记,母题训练,中考预测,()1.(2013广东)Boys,dontloseinplayingAngryBirds.Itisbadforyoureyestoplaycomputergamesforalongtime.A.himselfB.yourselfC.themselvesD.yourselves,()2.IguessPeterandhissisterSallyenjoyedatthedancingparty.A.myselfB.himselfC.herselfD.themselves,D,D,首页,末页,巧学妙记,母题训练,中考预测,()2.(2013广东)Boys,dontloseinplayingAngryBirds.Itisbadforyoureyestoplaycomputergamesforalongtime.A.himselfB.yourselfC.themselvesD.yourselves,()4.IguessPeterandhissisterSallyenjoyedatthedancingparty.A.myselfB.himselfC.herselfD.themselves,D,D,首页,末页,1.指示代词包括:this，that，these，those。(1)this和these一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物或人，that和those则指时间或空间上较远的事物或人。如:Thisisapenandthatisapencil.这是一支钢笔，那是一支铅笔。Wearebusythesedays.这些天我们很忙。,考点突破,首页,末页,(2)有时that和those指前面讲到过的事物，this和these则是指下面将要讲到的事物。如:Ihadacold.ThatswhyIdidntcome.我感冒了，这就是我没有来的原因。WhatIwanttosayisthis:pronunciationisveryimportantinlearningEnglish.我想说的是:学英语时发音非常重要。(3)有时为了避免重复提到的名词，常可用that或those代替。如:TVsetsmadeinBeijingarejustasgoodasthosemadeinShanghai.在北京生产的电视机和那些在上海生产的一样好。,考点突破,首页,末页,this，these靠近我，that，those离我远。this，that指单数，these，those不指单。都可用the来代替，劝君务必记心间。(4)this在电话用语中代表自己，that则代表对方。如:Hello!ThisisMary.IsthatJackspeaking?你好!我是玛丽，你是杰克吗?,巧学妙记,考点突破,2.it，one，that作代词的区别：(1)it指上文提到过的事物。如：Thebookismine.Itisveryinteresting.这本书是我的。它非常有趣。(2)one泛指上下文提及的同类事物中的一个。如：Yourbikeisverybeautiful.Ialsowanttobuyone.你的自行车很漂亮。我也想买一辆。(3)that常用于比较结构中，代替前面提到的不可数名词或可数名词单数，如指代可数名词复数要用those，为了避免重复。如：TheweatherinBeijingismuchcolderthanthatinZhanjiang.北京的天气比湛江冷多了。Theflowersontheleftaremorebeautifulthanthoseontheright.左边的花比右侧的更美丽。,首页,末页,拓展知识点,首页,末页,母题训练,中考预测,()1.(2014广东)Hello,Lindaspeaking.Whos?Hello,thisisMartin.A.heB.oneC.thatD.this,()2.TheweatherinsummerinBeijingiscoolerthaninShanghai.A.thisB.itC.thatD.one,C,C,考点突破,首页,末页,1.常见的不定代词有:some,any,one,each,every,no,none,all,both,either,neither,many,much,afew,alittle,other,another,theother等。2.形容词修饰something,anything,nothing,somebody,anybody，nobody,everything,everyone,everybody等不定代词时，形容词放在不定代词的后面。如：somethingimportant重要的东西nothinginteresting没有有趣的东西,考点突破,考点突破,3、易混不定代词辨析1.some，any一些some，any都意为“一些”，既可以修饰或代替可数名词复数，也可以修饰或代替不可数名词。some常用在肯定句中；any多用于否定句、疑问句及条件句中。练习:Ihaveteahere.Icantseetea.2.many，much许多many，much都表示“许多”的意思，主要用于否定句和疑问句中，在肯定句中多用alotof，lotsof等。many修饰或代替可数名词的复数，其反义词是few;而much修饰或代替不可数名词，其反义词是little。练习:IdidntknowEnglishpeoplewhocouldspeakChinese.Istherewaterinthebottle?,some,any,many,much,考点突破,3.few,afew,little,alittlefew，afew用来修饰或代替复数可数名词；little，alittle用来修饰或代替不可数名词；few，little表示否定，意为“很少、几乎没有”；afew，alittle表示肯定，意为“一些、少许”。练习:Heisnowoutofworkandcanearnmoney.IcanspeakFrench.studentsinthisschoolcanspeakJapanese.Therearestillstudentsintheclassroom.,little,alittle,Few,afew,考点突破,4.another,other,theother，others和theothers的区别(1)another泛指三者或三者以上中的任何一个，表示“又一(个)，又一些；另外的(人、物)，别的(人、物)”，既可用作形容词又可用作代词。(2)other表示“另外的”，常与复数名词或不可数名词连用；前面有the，this，that，some，any，each，every，no，one，my，your，his等，则可与单数名词连用。(3)others泛指别的人或物，是other的复数形式，泛指别的人或物(但不是全部)，不能作定语，someothers=(theother+复数名词)“一些另一些”(4)theother表示“两者中的另一个”，onetheother意为“(两者中的)一个另一个”。修饰单数名词意为“(两者中)另一个”，修饰复数名词意为“(两部分中)剩下的,其余的”。,考点突破,(5)theothers=theother+名词复数：指剩下的人(或物)，其余的(或物）练习:Weneedfourpeople.peoplemaythinklikethat.Someofthequestionsarehard;areeasy.Hehastwosons.Oneisthinandisfat.Thereare50studentsinmyclass.30areboys,aregirls.,another,Other,others,theother,theothers,考点突破,5.none，noone(1)none表示三者或三者以上全部否定，意为“全都不”。none既可指人又可指物，通常后接of短语。none用作主语时，谓语动词用单复数均可。none常用来回答howmany/much的提问。(2)noone表示三者或三者以上全部否定，与nobody同义,只用来指人，其后一般不跟of短语。noone常用来回答who的提问。练习:ofuswant(s)togo，butwehaveto.Everyoneishere；isaway.,None,noone,考点突破,6.every，each每一个(1)every用来指三者或三者以上，侧重整体而不指个别，它不能单独作主语或宾语，只有与名词连用或构成复合词时，才能作主语和宾语。every常可用于某些固定搭配中。(2)each则用来指两者或两者以上，侧重于个别情况，可作主语、宾语、定语或同位语。作主语时，后接谓语的单数形式，但each作主语同位语时，谓语动词与主语一致。练习:Heknewbyheartwordinherletter.Hegaveanappleto.,every,each,考点突破,7.all，both(1)all指三者以上，或不可数的东西。谓语动词既可以用单数，也可以用作复数。(2)both作代词。与其他名词或代词并列出现，表示“两个都”。与“of+代词(或名词)”连用，表示“两者都”。练习:ofuslikeMr.Pope.LucyandLilyagreewithus.8.neither，either(1)neither表示“两者都不”。作主语谓语动词用单数。(2)either表示“两个中的任何一个”，可修饰或代替单数可数名词。作主语谓语动词用单数。练习:oftheknivesisusefulofthemwasingoodhealth,butbothworkedveryhard,All,both,Either,Neither,首页,末页,()1.(2012广东)Whichbasketballplayerdoyoulikebest,Kobe,JamesorJordan?ofthem.Linshuhaoismyfavorite.A.AllB.NoneC.EitherD.Neither,B,母题训练,C,中考预测,()3.WehaveredandyellowT-shirts.Whichcolordoyoulike?Imafraid.IthinkbluewillbeOK.A.bothB.eitherC.neitherD.none,考点突破,首页,末页,()4.Couldweseeeachotherat9oclocktomorrowmorning?Sorry,letsmakeittime.A.othersB.theotherC.anotherD.other,A,中考预测,C,()1.(2012广东)Whichbasketballplayerdoyoulikebest,Kobe,JamesorJordan?ofthem.Linshuhaoismyfavorite.A.AllB.NoneC.EitherD.Neither,母题训练,考点突破,首页,末页,疑问代词有who，whom，whose，what和which等。疑问代词用于特殊疑问句中，一般都放在句首，并在句子中作为某一句子成分。如:Whoisgoingtocomeheretomorrow?(作主语)明天谁会来这里?Whatisthat?(作表语)那是什么?,考点突破,英语,首页,末页,中考预测,()1.isJeremyLin?HeisafamousHarvard-educated,Asian-AmericanNBAbasketballplayer.A.WhereB.WhatC.WhyD.Howold()2.isyourfather?Abankclerk.Heworksinabanknearmyhome.A.WhereB.HowC.WhatD.Which,B,C,考点突破,课堂小测,（）1.（2015济宁）UncleTomwillcometovisit_nextSaturday.A.weB.usC.ourD.ours（）2.（2015苏州）Mrs.SmithoftengoestovisitthoseAIDSpatientsinhospitalstocheer_up.A.herB.themC.himD.us（）3.（2015重庆）Mymotherusedtomakebreakfastfor_everymorning,butnowIdoitmyself.A.mineB.myC.ID.me（）4.（2015天津）Idontlike_watch.Ilike_.A.me；yourB.my；yourC.me；yoursD.my；yours,B,B,D,D,课堂小测,()5.（2015重庆）Themanoverthereis_oldfriend.Heisapoliceman.A.IB.meC.myD.mine（）6.（2015河北）Mybrotherlikespainting.Itsoneof_hobbies.myB.herC.hisD.your（）7.（2015河南）WheneverMaryreadsaninterestingstory,shecantkeepittoandwantstoshareitwithherfriends.A.sheB.herC.hersD.herself（）8.（2015上海）NowadaysIcanchooseonlinecoursesandstudyby_.AIBmeCmyDmyself,C,C,C,C,课堂小测,()9.(2015沈阳)Janelookedcarefullyat_inthemirrorbeforegoingoutside.herB.himC.herselfD.himself()10.（2015克拉玛依）Allofusfind_necessarytotakeexerciseeveryday.thisB.thatC.themD.it（）11.（2015广西）Is_truethatpeopleinBaiseeatLichieveryday?No,thatsnottrue,butitisaverypopularfruitthere.somethingB.anythingC.itD.this（）12.（2015徐州）CouldIuseyoure-dictionary,Mary?Sorry,butIhaventgot_.A.oneB.itC.thisD.that,C,D,C,A,课堂小测,（）13.（2015辽宁)Iboughtasmartphone(智能手机)yesterday,anditworkswell,wouldyouliketobuy_likethis?itB.thisC.oneD.that()14.（2015安徽）Wecantdoitthatwaybutwhetheritwillworkis_matter.A.otherB.anotherC.eachD.every()15.（2015江西）Ourteacherwasveryhappybecause_failedtheexamination.A.somebodyB.nobodyC.anybodyD.everybody()16.（2015广州）Hurryup,kids!Theschoolbusiscoming.Wehave_timeleft.A.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittle,C,B,B,C,课堂小测,()17.（2015杭州）UnfortunatelyIwassittingatthetablewithsmokerson_sideofme.A.eitherB.bothC.otherD.all()18.（2015泰安）Myhometownisbecomingmoreandmorebeautifulwithtreesandflowerson_sidesoftheroad.A.allB.bothC.neitherD.either()19.（2015温州）Mom,whatwouldyoulike,coffeeortea?_.Justwater,please.EitherB.bothC.NeitherD.None（）20.（2015连云港）DoyouknowDengchaois?Heisanactor.HeistheteamleaderinthepopularrealityTVshowRunningMannow.A.whichB.whenC.whatD.how,A,B,C,C,英语,首页,末页,()1.Illdothewashing-up.Jack,wouldyoupleasedothefloors?Why?Susanissittingtheredoingnothing.A.herB.sheC.ID.me()2.AuntTinawillvisitussoon.isarrivingtomorrowmorning.A.HeB.SheC.HisD.Her()3.Wemustprotectplants.Theyarefriendsof.A.weB.usC.ourD.ours()4.Excuseme,mayIuseyourbicycle?isbroken.Certainly.Butremembertoreturnitbeforelunch.A.IB.MeC.MyselfD.Mine,中考模拟演练,D,B,D,D,首页,末页,()5.IsthatcarMrs.Blacks?No,isawhiteone.A.sheB.herC.hersD.his()6.Isthisruler?No.isoverthere.A.her;HerB.her;HersC.hers;HersD.hers;Her()7.Thatsbrothersshirt.Itisnt.A.my,yourB.yours,mineC.hers,hisD.his,yours()8.Wehavefriendstohelpusfightagainstpollution,andtreesareoneof.A.themselvesB.theyC.theirD.them,C,中考模拟演练,B,D,D,首页,末页,()9ThesongIBelieveICanFlytellsusthatbelievinginisveryimportant.A.ThemselvesB.itselfC.ourselvesD.yourselves()10.Helptosomefish,Jeff.A.youB.yourC.yoursD.yourself()11.Thisbookonidiomsisinteresting.Idlike,wheredidyoubuyit,Simon?IntheAmazonBookstore.A.itB.thisC.thatD.one()12.Icantfindmyticket.IthinkImusthavelost.A.itB.oneC.thisD.them,中考模拟演练,C,D,D,A,首页,末页,()13.ThecarsmadeinGermanyaremoreexpensivethanmadeinJapan.Yes,youarerightButtheyremuchbetter.A.ThoseB.thatC.onesD.it()14.Wouldyouliketeaorcoffee?,thanks!Idpreferacoke.A.BothB.NeitherC.AllD.Some()15.Inourschool,studentslikeEnglish,butofthemcanspeakEnglishsmoothly.A.alittle;afewB.afew;fewC.afew,littleD.alittle;few()16.Atpresent,childrenmeantomostparentsinChina.A.EverythingB.nothingC.anythingD.something,中考模拟演练,A,B,B,A,首页,末页,()17.Whichofthetwomagazineswillyoutake?IlltakethoughIfindofthemareveryusefultome.A.all;bothB.either;eitherC.either;neitherD.either;both()18.CanyoucomeonMondayorTuesday,Scott?Imafraidpossible.Illbeonbusinessonthosetwodays.A.EitherB.neitherC.everyD.each()19.Look,isdancingunderthetree.Oh,thatsmycousin,Anna.A.EverybodyB.anybodyC.nobodyD.somebody()20.Itisagoodhabitoftoreadafewlinesbeforegoingtobed.A.IB.meC.myD.mine,中考模拟演练,D,B,D,D,首页,末页,()21.Imtalkingtoyou,Jack.Pleaselistentocarefully.A.meB.mineC.youD.yours()22.Wheredidyougoforyourwintervacation?MyfamilywenttoParis.hadagreattime.A.HeB.SheC.WeD.They()23.TomandMikearegoodfriends.oftenhelpeachother.A.TheyB.ThemC.TheirD.Theirs()24.Therearelotsofrestaurantsinourtown.Andmostofarecleanandcheap.A.itB.theyC.usD.them,中考模拟演练,A,C,A,D,首页,末页,()25.Themancalledhisprofessorforhelpbecausehecouldntsolvetheproblemby.A.herselfB.himselfC.yourselfD.themselves()26.Itsveryimportantforustolearnhowtolearnby.A.ourselvesB.itselfC.myselfD.themselves()27.Tom,supperisready.Idontwanttoeat,Mum.Imnotfeelingwell.A.everythingB.nothingC.somethingD.anything()28.Whichofthetwosu