高三英语代词it, one, ones, that, this, those, the one 的用法

代词it, one, ones, that, this, those, the one 的用法英语中，one、ones、that、those常用作代词，指代前面出现过的名词以避免重复，确保句子的简洁。这些词的一些用法非常相似，下面就对它们的异同作分类说明。一、one, ones, that, those的类似用法。1. one用来指代“同名异物”的可数名词单数。例如：（1）Do you have a car? Yes, I have one. I have a good one. （one = a car）（2）Yesterday I have lost my pen. I”m going to buy one after school. （one= a pen）（3）The story he told us was more interesting than the one we heard yesterday. （the one = the story）2. ones用来指代“同名异物”的可数名词复数。例如：（1）Do you want a toy? Yes, I want new ones very much. （ones= toys）（2）Stone bridges last longer than wooden ones. （ones= bridges）（3）Teachers like the students working hard, especially the ones who are active in thinking. （the ones= the students）3. that用来指代“同名异物”的可数名词单数或不可数名词。例如：（1）The engine of your car is better than that of mine. （that= the engine）（2）The book you bought yesterday costs less than that I had bought before. （that= the book）（3）The weather of Beijing is as good as that of Tianjin. （that= the weather）（4）He often tells us the news of his country and that of his country nearby. （that= the news）4. those用来指代“同名异物”的可数名词复数。例如：（1）The houses of the rich are generally larger than those of the poor. （those= the houses）（2）The bikes made in China are as good as those made in USA. （those = the bikes）二. one、ones、that、those的区别。1. 一般来讲，one代表前面有不定冠词的可数名词单数，that代表前面有定冠词的可数名词单数；ones代表前面无定冠词的可数名词复数（前面总带有形容词作定语，不能单独使用），those代表前面有定冠词的可数名词复数。例如：（1）This is a point of idiom rather than one of grammar. （one= a point）（2）A cake made of wheat tastes better than one made of rice. （one= a cake）（3）I prefer the classroom with enough light rather than that with little light. （that= the classroom）（4）The school where my brother is studying is larger than that where I am studying. （that= the school）（5）I like peaches but I must have some ripe ones. （ones= peaches）（6）New pens always write better than old ones. （ones= pens）（7）He told me the stories of himself and those of his sister （those= the stories）（8）I”d rather like the cars made in France than those made in Japan. （those= the cars）2. one或ones的定语既可以放在其前面，也可以放在其后面；that或those的定语只能放在其后面。例如：（1）He has got a new storybook, but I have got several old ones. （2）This book is one that is needed by every one. （3）The cost of oil is less than that of gas. （4）The students who do best in examinations are not always those with the best brains. 3. 如果在one或ones前面加上定冠词the分别用来代表可数名词的单数或复数，定语又在其后，这时的the one或the ones基本上可以分别与that或those互换。例如：（1）The singer from Shanghai sang better in the concert than the one / that from Beijing. （2）She likes the car of herself, not the one/ that of her husband. （3）The TV sets in that shop are as good as those / the ones in the supermarket. （4）He”d prefer the places of interest in the countryside to those / the ones in the cities. 用法说明一：it和that都替代“the+单数名词(可数或不可数)”，都是特指，都可替代可数和不可数名词，但it指前面提到的“同一”事物，而that是指前面提到的“同类”事物。如：My father bought me a pen and I like it very much.我父亲给我买了一支钢笔，我非常喜欢它。(it替代the pen，指前面提到的父亲给我买的那支钢笔)This dictionary is more useful than that (=the one)I bought yesterday.这本词典比我昨天买的更有用。(that替代the dictionary，与前面的this dictionary是同类)用法说明二：one替代“a单数可数名词”，表示泛指；其复数形式ones替代泛指的复数名词。特指的the one相当于that，替代“the+单数名词”；the one的复数形式the ones，替代“the+复数名词”，在口语中也常用those代替。当后面有of短语时，多用that或those；当有前置修饰语时，只能用one(s)。另外，one(s), the one(s), those都只能替代可数名词。如：Radios are useful for me to learn English. Id like to buy one.收音机对我学英语很有用，我想买一台。(one替代a radio，是泛指收音机这类东西中的一台) We still have shortcomings，and they are very big ones too. 我们还有缺点，而且是很大的缺点。(ones替代shortcomings)We kept seats for those who might arrive late.我们给可能来晚的人留了座位。(those=the ones替代the persons)Waves of red light are about twice as long as those of blue light.红色光线的波长约为蓝色波长的两倍。(those替代the waves)The population of Scotland was eight times as large as that of Cornwall. 苏格兰的人口是康沃尔人口的八倍。(that替代不可数名词the population，不能用the one)专项练习：一单项选择。1. The award on the left is more beautiful than _ on the right. A the one B one C that D this 2. The coffee produced in Brazil is more famous than _in Mexico. A the one B one C that D this3. The hunters younger sister is taller than the elder _. A the one B one C that D this4. I need the plastic bags, not the paper_ . A the one B ones C that D this5. The customers of your supermarket are more than_of mine. A the one B ones C those D this6. Listen to_! We will have three days off. A the one B ones C that D this7. “A penny saved is a penny earned.” Who said_? A the one B ones C that D this8. I bought a dictionary three years ago and I am still using_ now. A one B ones C it D this9. I bought a dictionary three years ago but I am going to buy a new _soon. A one B ones C it D this10. _ was the fifth time (that) I have visited a friendly visit to Africa. A.It B That C This D. AB&C 11. It was at 5 oclock _ he practised playing the violin in the morning . A one B ones C this D that12. It was 5 oclock _ he started in the morning . A one B when C that D this13. Toms mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but _ didnt help. A. he B. which C. she D. it 14. Does _ matter if he cant finish the job on time? A. this B. that C. he D. it 15. _ is no doubt that he will succeed in his experiment. A. It B. This C. That D. There16. Mr Zhang gave the text books to all the pupils except_who had already taken them. A.these B.ones C.the ones D.the others 17. 4.I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have_. A.it B.those C.them D.one18.Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment,_I will always treasure. A.that B.one C.it D.what19. The style of the building is similar to _of a temple. A.that B.one C.it D.what20. The computers in our school are connected to the Internet while_in their school arent. A.that B.one C.it D.those21. Mr Zhang gave the textbooks to all the pupils except _ who had already taken them. A. the ones B. the one C. that D. one22. He wanted to give a book to me as my birthday present and I like a new _. A. the ones B. the one C. that D. one23. The culture and customs of America are more like _ of England than of any other countries. A. ones B. those C. that D. the one24. He advised farmers to choose the best seed-heads, the _ that had the best color. A. one B. that C. those D. ones25. The wate