MATLAB(定稿).doc

实验一练习1 使用who whos查看变量内容 a=2.5a = 2.5000 b=1 2;3 4b = 1 2 3 4 c=ac =a d=sin(a*b*pi/180)d = 0.0436 0.0872 0.1305 0.1736 e=a+ce = 99.5000 whoYour variables are:a b c d e whos Name Size Bytes Class Attributes a 1x1 8 double b 2x2 32 double c 1x1 2 char d 2x2 32 double e 1x1 8 double 2 绘制柱状图 x=1 2 3 4 5; y=sin(x)y = 0.8415 0.9093 0.1411 -0.7568 -0.9589 plot(y,DisplayName,y,YDataSource,y);figure(gcf) hist(y);figure(gcf); x=1 2 3 4 5; y=sin(x)y = 0.8415 0.9093 0.1411 -0.7568 -0.9589 hist(y);figure(gcf);自我练习x=1 3 5 7 9y=2*xplot(y)实验二 练习1使用全下标方式获取a矩阵中第二列子矩阵块a=1 2 3;4 5 6;7 8 9b=a(:,2)a = b = 1 2 3 2 4 5 6 5 7 8 9 8 2使用logspace函数创建0-4*pi行向量 有二十个元素,查看元素分布情况。 c=logspace(0,4*pi,20)c = 1.0e+12 * Columns 1 through 7 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Columns 8 through 14 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0001 0.0004 Columns 15 through 20 0.0018 0.0083 0.0382 0.1752 0.8035 3.68443 验证关系式A=1/3 0 0;0 1/4 0;0 0 1/7B=inv(A)*inv(inv(A)-eye(3)*6*AZUO=A(B*A)YOU=6*A+B*AA = 0.3333 0 0 0 0.2500 0 0 0 0.1429B = 3.0000 0 0 0 2.0000 0 0 0 1.0000ZUO = 3.0000 0 0 0 2.0000 0 0 0 1.0000YOU = 3.0000 0 0 0 2.0000 0 0 0 1.00004 將矩正的乘除运算改为数组的点除运算A=1 2 3;4 5 6;7 8 9B=1 1 1;2 2 2;3 3 3A*Bc1=A.*Bd1=A/Bd2=A./BA = B = 1 2 3 1 1 1 4 5 6 2 2 2 7 8 9 3 3 3ans = c1 = 14 14 14 1 2 3 32 32 32 8 10 12 50 50 50 21 24 27Warning: Matrix is singular to working precision. In matlabP322 at 5 d1 = NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN Nad2 = 1.0000 2.0000 3.0000 2.0000 2.5000 3.00002.3333 2.6667 3.00005 使用数组编辑窗口查看变量a，b，c6 使用setfield命令进行上述修改 student(1)=struct(name,Rose,Id,20030102,score,95,93,84,72,88)student = name: Rose Id: 20030102 score: 95 93 84 72 88 student=setfield(student,1,score,95,73,84,72,88)student = name: Rose Id: 20030102 score: 95,73,84,72,887 使用图形和文字显示average的各元胞内容 student(1)=struct(name,John,Td,20030115,scores,85,96,74,82,68)student = name: John Td: 20030115 scores: 85 96 74 82 68 student(2)=struct(name,Rose,Td,20030102,scores,95,93,84,72,88)student = 1x2 struct array with fields: name Td scores student(3)=struct(name,Billy,Td,20030117,scores,72,83,78,80,83)student = 1x3 struct array with fields: name Td scores all_scores=cat(1,student.scores)all_scores = 85 96 74 82 68 95 93 84 72 88 72 83 78 80 83 average_scores=mean(all_scores)average_scores = 84.0000 90.6667 78.6667 78.0000 79.6667方法一 average=平均成绩,average_scoresaverage = 平均成绩 1x5 double方法二 average(1)=平均成绩average = 平均成绩 average(2)=average_scoresaverage = 平均成绩 1x5 double方法三 average1=平均成绩; average2=average_scoresaverage = 平均成绩 1x5 double自我练习1 使用LU和QR分解线性方程A=2 -3 0 2;1 5 2 1;3 -1 1 -1;4 1 2 2B=8;2;7;12X=ABL,U=lu(A)X=U(LB)Q,R=qr(A)X=R(QB)A = B = 2 -3 0 2 8 1 5 2 1 2 3 -1 1 -1 7 4 1 2 2 12X = L = 3.0000 0.5000 -0.7368 1.0000 0 0.0000 0.2500 1.0000 0 0 -1.0000 0.7500 -0.3684 0.5000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 0 0 0U = X = 4.0000 1.0000 2.0000 2.0000 3.0000 0 4.7500 1.5000 0.5000 0.0000 0 0 0.1053 1.3684 -1.0000 0 0 0 -3.0000 1.0000Q = -0.3651 0.5000 0.6708 0.4082 -0.1826 -0.8333 0.5217 -0.0000 -0.5477 0.1667 0.0745 -0.8165 -0.7303 -0.1667 -0.5217 0.4082R = X = -5.4772 0 -2.3735 -1.8257 3.0000 0 -6.0000 -1.8333 -0.3333 -0.0000 0 0 0.0745 0.7454 -1.0000 0 0 0 2.4495 1.0000 Untitled3A = B = 2 -3 0 2 8 1 5 2 1 2 3 -1 1 -1 7 4 1 2 2 12 X = L = 3.0000 0.5000 -0.7368 1.0000 0 0.0000 0.2500 1.0000 0 0 -1.0000 0.7500 -0.3684 0.5000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 0 0 0 U = X = 4.0000 1.0000 2.0000 2.0000 3.0000 0 4.7500 1.5000 0.5000 0.0000 0 0 0.1053 1.3684 -1.0000 0 0 0 -3.0000 1.0000 Q = R = -0.3651 0.5000 0.6708 0.4082 -5.4772 0 -2.3735 -1.8257 -0.1826 -0.8333 0.5217 -0.0000 0 -6.0000 -1.8333 -0.3333 -0.5477 0.1667 0.0745 -0.8165 00 0 0.0745 0.7454 -0.7303 -0.1667 -0.5217 0.4082 0 0 0 2.4495 X = 3.0000 -0.0000 -1.0000 1.00002 按表达式得出三阶，五阶拟合表达式和曲线 x=0:100; y=6 4 2 -7 10 y0=polyval(y,x); p3=polyfit(x,y0,3); p5=polyfit(x,y0,5); y3=polyval(p3,x); y5=polyval(p5,x); plot(x,y0,o) hold on plot(x,y3,r) plot(x,y5,g) 实验三练习1 用y替换x,查看结果及其数据类型 f=sym(sin(x)f =sin(x) x=0:10; y=subs(f,x)y = Columns 1 through 7 0 0.8415 0.9093 0.1411 -0.7568 -0.9589 -0.2794 Columns 8 through 11 0.6570 0.9894 0.4121 -0.5440 z=subs(f,y)z = Columns 1 through 7 0 0.7456 0.7891 0.1407 -0.6866 -0.8186 -0.2758 Columns 8 through 11 0.6107 0.8357 0.4006 -0.5176 2 将y1用sym函数转换为符号对象，并用d f e r四种格式表示 f=sym(sin(x) x=0:10; y=subs(f,x) whos z=subs(f,y) whos y1=sym(sin(5) y=double(y1) d=sym(y,d) f=sym(y,f) e=sym(y,e) r=sym(y,r) f =sin(x)y = Columns 1 through 7 0 0.8415 0.9093 0.1411 -0.7568 -0.9589 -0.2794 Columns 8 through 11 0.6570 0.9894 0.4121 -0.5440 Name Size Bytes Class Attributes A 4x4 128 double B 4x1 32 double L 4x4 128 double Q 4x4 128 double R 4x4 128 double U 4x4 128 double X 4x1 32 double f 1x1 112 sym f1 1x1 112 sym f2 1x1 112 sym f3 1x1 112 sym x 1x11 88 double y 1x11 88 double z = Columns 1 through 7 0 0.7456 0.7891 0.1407 -0.6866 -0.8186 -0.2758 Columns 8 through 11 0.6107 0.8357 0.4006 -0.5176 Name Size Bytes Class Attributes A 4x4 128 double B 4x1 32 double L 4x4 128 double Q 4x4 128 double R 4x4 128 double U 4x4 128 double X 4x1 32 double f 1x1 112 sym f1 1x1 112 sym f2 1x1 112 sym f3 1x1 112 sym x 1x11 88 double y 1x11 88 double z 1x11 88 double y1 =sin(5)y = -0.9589d =-0.95892427466313845396683746002964f =-8637222012098867/9007199254740992e =-8637222012098867/9007199254740992r =-8637222012098867/90071992547409923 使用expand collect simplify 函数进行，f=sym(x2+3*x+2)f1=simplify(f)f2=expand(f1)f3=collect(f2)f = x2 + 3*x + 2f1 = (x + 1)*(x + 2)f2 =x2 + 3*x + 2f3 =x2 + 3*x + 24 将f转换为以t为符号变量的符号表达式，f=poly2sym(1 3 2)f =x2 + 3*x + 2h=poly2sym(1 3 2,sym(t)h = t2 + 3*t + 25 对符号举证A进行求特征值，对角阵等运算A=sym(x2;2*x cos(2*t)A = x, x2 2*x, cos(2*t) diag(A)ans = x cos(2*t)6 对符号举证A求极限和积分 int(A)ans = x2/2, x3/3 x2, x*cos(2*t) limit(A)ans = 0, 0 0, cos(2*t)7 当y(0)=1,z(0)=5等，求微分方程组的解 y,z=dsolve(Dy-z=cos(x),Dz+y=1,y(0)=1,z(0)=5,x)y = (11*sin(x)/2 + (x*cos(x)/2 + 1z = 5*cos(x) - (x*sin(x)/2自我练习1 已知开环传递函数F（S）=；syms R F C sR=1/s;F=(2*s2+3*s+3)/(s+1)*(s+3)3);C=R*F;sym f;f=ilaplace(C)f = (5*exp(-3*t)/36 - exp(-t)/4 + (t*exp(-3*t)/6 + t2*exp(-3*t) + 1/92 用notebook计算，实验四 练习1 修改横坐标的刻度为“0 pi/2 2”：t1=0:0.01:2;y1=sin(2*pi*t1);plot(t1,y1)axis(0,2,-2,2)set(gca,XTick,0:pi/2:2)set(gca,XTicklabel,0,pi/2,2*pi)2 将三条曲线用不同的线性，为图形加坐标框t1=0:0.01:2;y1=exp(-t1);plot(t1,y1,r-)hold ony2=exp(-2*t1);plot(t1,y2,o);hold ony3=exp(-3*t1);plot(t1,y3,*);axis on 3 添加图形的网格并添加文字指数曲线在第一条旁边4 将坐标轴字体设置为12号粗体，蓝色5 使用area和scatter命令，绘制面积图和点图。 x=0:0.3:2*pi; y=sin(x); subplot(1,2,1) area(x,y) subplot(1,2,2) scatter(x,y)6 使用plottools窗口查看图形和变量。GUI设计：% - Executes on button press in pushbutton2.function pushbutton2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton2 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)grid on msgbox(Grid on,message)% - If Enable = on, executes on mouse press in 5 pixel border.% - Otherwise, executes on mouse press in 5 pixel border or over pushbutton1.function pushbutton1_ButtonDownFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)% hObject handle to pushbutton1 (see GCBO)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)x=0 1 1 2 2 3;y=1 1 0 0 1 1;plot(x,y)axis(0 4 0 2)msgbox(Painting square wave,message)自我练习1 在图中画出一排两个子图 分别用条形图和饼状图画成3*3魔方阵： magic(3) subplot(1,2,1) bar(ans) subplot(1,2,2)pie(ans) 2 绘制双纵坐标曲 纵坐标分别为正弦和余弦曲线 x1=0:0.1:2*pi; x2=-pi:0.1:pi;plotyy(x1,sin(x1),x2,cos(x2) 实验五练习1将该M函数文件改为M脚本文件，将数列元素个数通过键盘输入，程序该如何修改。f(1)=1;f(2)=1;%i=2;%while i50 break; else f(i+1)=f(i-1)+f(i); endend2 修改程序，使用while循环代替for循环实现本例功能function f=shiyan0501(n)%UNTITLED3 Summary of this function goes here% Detailed explanation goes here%SHIYAN0501 Fibonacci%Fibonacci%n %f Fibonacci%copyright 2003-08-01f(1)=1;f(2)=1;i=2;while i=n;f(i+1)=f(i-1)+f(i);i=i+1;end3 如果不使用子函数factorial，而直接在cal函数中计算阶乘，应如何修改程序。function k = cal(n1 )%UNTITLED6 Summary of this function goes here% Detailed explanation goes here%k%global n;for m=1:n1k=factorial(2*n1)/(2(2*n1)*(factorial(n1)2*(2*n1+1); m=1;while m a=0.1; b=0.5; f=inline(sin(t).2.*exp(.1*t)-0.5*abs(t),t)f = Inline function: f(t) = (sin(t).2.*exp(.1*t)-0.5*abs(t) x1=fminbnd(f,6,10)x1 = 9.5214自我练习1 编写函数计算苏如参数r为圆半径的圆面积和周长：function S,C=exercise(r)%UNTITLED6 Summary of this function goes here% Detailed explanation goes hereS=pi*r2;C=2*pi*r;%S,C=exercises(z);%function x,y=exercises(r)end2 创建内联函数，并绘制其曲线：function exercise2( )%UNTITLED7 Summary of this function goes here% Detailed explanation goes heret=-10:0.01:10;h_plotxy=str2func(plotxy)y=feval(h_plotxy,t);function y1=plotxy(r)y1=inline(sin(r)./r,r);plot(r,y1(r)实验六练习1 将传递函数转换为状态空间法和零极点增益描述a = -3.3333 -5.3333 -4.5000 -2.5000 -1.5000 1.0000 0 0 0 0 0 1.0000 0 0 0 0 0 1.0000 0 0 0 0 0 1.0000 0b = 1 0 0 0 0c = 0 0 0 0 0.8333d = 0z = Empty matrix: 0-by-1p = -1.0388 + 1.0728i -1.0388 - 1.0728i -1.2799 0.0122 + 0.7248i 0.0122 - 0.7248ik = 0.83332 查看所有共轭极点的阻尼系数和固有频率wn,zeta=damp(GT2)wn = 0 0.7249 0.7249 1.2799 1.3333 1.4934 1.4934zeta = -1.0000 -0.0168 -0.0168 1.0000 1.0000 0.6956 0.69563 GT1转换为状态空间法模型和零极点增益模型并查看属性a,b,c,d=tf2ss(num1,den1)get(GT1)z,p,k=tf2zp(num1,den1)get(GT1)a = -3.3333 -5.3333 -4.5000 -2.5000 -1.5000 1.0000 0 0 0 0 0 1.0000 0 0 0 0 0 1.0000 0 0 0 0 0 1.0000 0b = 1 0 0 0 0c = 0 0 0 0 0.8333d = 0 num: 0 0 0 0 0 0.8333 den: 1 3.3333 5.3333 4.5000 2.5000 1.5000 Variable: z ioDelay: 0 InputDelay: 0 OutputDelay: 0 Ts: 0.1000 TimeUnit: seconds InputName: InputUnit: InputGroup: 1x1 struct OutputName: OutputUnit: OutputGroup: 1x1 struct Name: Notes: UserData: z = Empty matrix: 0-by-1p = -1.0388 + 1.0728i -1.0388 - 1.0728i -1.2799 0.0122 + 0.7248i 0.0122 - 0.7248ik = 0.8333 num: 0 0 0 0 0 0.8333 den: 1 3.3333 5.3333 4.5000 2.5000 1.5000 Variable: z ioDelay: 0 InputDelay: 0 OutputDelay: 0 Ts: 0.1000 TimeUnit: seconds InputName: InputUnit: InputGroup: 1x1 struct OutputName: OutputUnit: OutputGroup: 1x1 struct Na