高考英语一轮复习 Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars课件 新人教版必修3.ppt

Book3Unit4,Astronomy:thescienceofthestars,话题晨背积累写作素材,自主排查夯实基础知识,边讲边练突破核心考点,在高考语境中提升解题技能,话题词汇,话题晨背积累写作素材,1.universen.宇宙2.spacen.太空3.spaceship/spacecraftn.宇宙飞船4.astronautn.宇航员5.orbitn.轨道,6.starn.恒星7.haveagreateffecton对有很大影响8.makeagreatdifference起很大作用；产生很大影响9.changeoneslife改变某人的生活10.benefitfrom得益于，从获益,经典语篇,BEIJING，June20()About330primaryandmiddleschoolstudentsataBeijinghighschoolareeagerlywaitingfortheirteachertobeginaclassfromthespaceonThursdaymorning.Thespeciallecturewillbegininafewminutes，givenbyfemaleastronautWangYaping，oneofthethreecrewmembersofShenzhou10spacecraft，throughalivevideofeedsystem.,ThestudentsaregatheringattheHighSchoolAffiliatedtoRenminUniversityinBeijing.Beforetheclass，theyfirstwatchedashortfilmaboutthelifeofChineseastronautsonboardofTiangong1orbiter，whichdockedwithShenzhou10onJune13.Morethan60millionstudentsandteachersatabout80,000middleschoolsacrossthecountrywillalsowatchthelivebroadcastoftheclassonTV.Wangwillteachaboutmotioninamicrogravityenvironment，thesurfacetensionofliquid，andhelpstudentsunderstandtheconceptsofweightandmassandNewtonsLaws.,写作内容,1.请用约30个词概括上面的文章。2.结合该篇报道，用约120个词发表你对“探索太空”的看法，包括如下要点：(1)人类在不断地探索太空；(2)探索太空的不同观点；(3)我的观点。,写作要求,1.可以使用实例或其他论述方法支持你的论点，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。,佳作欣赏,Thisreporttellsusthatmorethan60millionstudentsandteacherswillattendaspeciallivelectureaboutphysics，whichwillbegivenbyWangYaping，thefemaleastronautinTiangong1，outofthespace.Asweallknow，sincethefirstlandingonthemoon，menhaveneverlosttheirenthusiasmforouterspaceexploration.Billionsoffundshavebeenspent，quitesomeliveshavebeensacrificed，andmeanwhilesecretsoftheuniversehavebeengraduallydiscovered.,However，peoplesviewsonouterspaceexplorationaregreatlydifferent.Ontheonehand，somepeoplethinkitismeaninglesstoallocatelargebudgettostudysuchissuesaswhetherthereareotherintelligentbeingsinouterspace.Ontheotherhand，othersarguethatitisworthwhiletoinvesttimeandmoneyintothescientificresearchofouterspacebecauseitcanhelpusunderstandtheuniversebetter.Personally，itisnecessarytocontinueexploringouterspacebecausewhatwelearninouterspacecaninfluencethefutureoftheearth.Themoreweknowabouttheuniverse，thebetterwecanunderstandourpositionashumanbeingsinthisplanetwhereweliveandthusliveharmoniouslywithnature.,思维发散,1.用分词形式作定语改写第句2.用it作形式主语改写第句,Thisreporttellsusthatmorethan60millionstudentsandteacherswillattendaspeciallivelectureaboutphysics，givenbyWangYaping，thefemaleastronautinTiangong1，outofthespace.,Itiswellknownthatsincethefirstlandingonthemoon，menhaveneverlosttheirenthusiasmforouterspaceexploration.,答案,3.用it作形式宾语改写第句4.仿照第句完成句子学生用于做作业的时间越多，获取知识的效率就越低。hoursstudentsspenddoinghomework，effectivetheywillbeingainingknowledge.,Ontheonehand，somepeoplethinkitmeaninglesstoallocatelargebudgettostudysuchissuesaswhetherthereareotherintelligentbeingsinouterspace.,Themore,theless,答案,返回,自主排查夯实基础知识,A.写作单词1.(n.)系统；体系；制度2.(n.)学说；理论3.(vi.)生存；存在4.(prep.)与不同；不像5.(adj.)温和的；文雅的,system,theory,exist,unlike,gentle,答案,重点单词,6.(n.)气候7.(n.&vt.)拉(力)；拖；牵引力8.(vt.&vi.)(使)迷惑；(使)为难(n.)谜；难题9.(adj.)猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的(n.)暴力10.(adj.)有害的(n.&vt.)伤害，损害,climate,pull,puzzle,violent,violence,harmful,harm,答案,B.阅读单词11.astronomy(n.)12.atmosphere(n.)13.fundamental(adj.)14.multiply(vi.&vt.)15.thus(adv.)16.atom(n.)17.billion(n.&pron.&adj.)18.globe(n.)19.carbon(n.),天文学,大气层；气氛,基本的；基础的,乘；增加,因此；于是,原子,万亿；十亿,球体；地球仪；地球,碳,答案,20.chain(n.)21.oxygen(n.)22.gravity(n.)23.satellite(n.)24.crash(vi.&vt.)25.spaceship(n.)26.exhaust(vt.)27.float(vt.&vi.)(n.),链子；连锁；锁链,氧,万有引力；重力,卫星；人造卫星,碰撞；坠落,宇宙飞船,用尽；耗尽；使精疲力尽,(使)浮动；(使)漂浮,漂浮物,答案,28.religion(n.)religious(adj.)29.biology(n.)biologist(n.)30.physicist(n.)physics(n.)31.extinct(adj.)extinction(n.),宗教；宗教信仰,宗教的,生物学,生物学家,物理学家,物理学,灭绝的；绝种的,灭绝,答案,1.太阳系2.及时；终于3.产生；分娩4.轮到某人5.阻止；制止6.挡住(光线)7.感到高兴；感到振奋8.既然9.熟悉；掌握；理解10.突发；爆发11.密切注意；当心；提防,solarsystem,intime,givebirthto,inonesturn,prevent.from,blockout,cheerup,nowthat,getthehangof,breakout,watchoutfor,答案,重点短语,1.wasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.随后它会变成什么没有人知道，直到4538亿年前，这团尘埃才慢慢地形成一个固体的球状物。2.Thisproducesachainreaction，forlifetodevelop.这产生了连锁反应，使得生命的发展成为可能。,Whatitwastobecome,whichmadeitpossible,答案,经典句式,3.ButwhenItriedtostepforward，IfoundIwascarriedandfellover.但是当我试着向前迈步时，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，并且摔倒在地。4.walkingabitofpractice.既然重力改变了，看来走路也的确需要练一练了。,twiceas,farasontheearth,doesneed,nowthatgravityhaschanged,答案,Theearthwasjust1.cloudofdustafterthe“BigBang”.Theearthexplodedloudly2.fireandrock.Theywereintimetoproducemanythings，whichweretomaketheearthsatmosphere.Astheearthcooleddown，waterbegantoappearon3.surface.Itallowedtheearthtodissolve4.(harm)gases.Thenlifebegantodevelop.Smallplantsmultipliedandfilledtheoceansandseaswithoxygen.Thisencouragedthe5.(develop)ofearlyshellfishandfish.Landanimalssuch6.insects，reptilesanddinosaursappearedaftergreenplantsappeared.,a,with,its,harmful,development,as,答案,课文语法填空,Smallcleveranimalsspreadall7.theearth.Theyareputtingtoomuchcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere,8.preventsheatfromescapingfromtheearthintospace.9.lifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcan10.(solve).,over,which,Whether,besolved,答案,返回,边讲边练突破核心考点,harmfuladj.有害的；造成损害的,1.,(1)beharmfulto对有害(2)harmn.&vt.伤害；损害dosb.harmdoharmtosb.伤害某人；对某人有害Thereisnoharmindoing.做没有害处。,(1)Thedroughtwasharmfultothecrops.这场干旱对农作物有危害。(2)Fruitjuicecandoharmtochildrensteeth.果汁可能会损害儿童的牙齿。,多维训练,(1)单句语法填空Dontbelievehim.Noharm(do)tohimeversince.Assecondhandsmokingismore(harm)anddangerous，peoplewantatotalbanagainstsmokinginpublic.Theydontusuallyemployuntrainedworkers，buttheresnoharmin(try)yourfortune.,hasbeendone,harmful,trying,答案,(2)一句多译如果使用不当，这种药物会对你造成伤害。(harmn.)(harmful)(3)单句改错Hisfilmwasacompletefailure，andthisdidhisreputationalotofharms.Itismoreharmthangood.,Ifusedimproperly，themedicinewilldo/causeharmtoyou/do,youharm.,Ifusedimproperly，themedicinewillbeharmfultoyou.,harmsharm,isdoes/harmharmful,答案,existvi.存在；在于,2.,(1)existin存在于之中existon靠为生Thereexists/existed.某地有；存在(2)existencen.存在；生存comeintoexistence产生；成立；开始存在inexistence存在(3)existingadj.目前的，现存的,(1)Thecustomofarrangedmarriagesstillexistsinmanycountries.许多国家仍然存在着包办婚姻的习俗。(2)Theycantexistonthemoneyhesearning.他们靠他挣的那点钱无法维持生活。(3)Nowadays，therearestillmanypeoplewonderingwhentheearthcameintoexistence.现在仍有许多人想知道，地球是何时产生的。,多维训练,(1)单句语法填空existsagoodwaytosolvethe(exist)problemingeography.ThisistheoldestHebrewmanuscriptin(exist).(2)单句改错Itexisteddifferentopinionsonthisquestion.,There,existing,existence,ItThere,答案,puzzlevt.&vi.(使)迷惑；(使)为难；n.谜；难题,3.,(1)puzzleover/about苦思冥想；绞尽脑汁(2)beinapuzzle(about)(对)不知如何是好(3)puzzlingadj.令人迷惑的(4)puzzledadj.困惑的；感到迷惑的bepuzzledabout对迷惑不解,(1)Thesescientistshavebeenpuzzlingabouthowtosolvetheenvironmentalproblem.这些科学家一直苦思如何解决这个环境问题。(2)Iminapuzzleastowhattodonext.对于下一步该做什么我不知道。,(1)单句语法填空Theirreasonfordoingitisstillpuzzletome.Hehada(puzzle)lookonhisface.Hislastpaintingsareperhapsthemost，whichevenalltheartists.(puzzle)(2)一句多译消防员对这场火灾的起因困惑不解。(puzzlen.)(puzzledadj.),多维训练,a,puzzled,puzzling,puzzle,Thefiremenwereinapuzzleaboutthecauseofthefire.,Thefiremenwerepuzzledaboutthecauseofthefire.,答案,intime及时；终于(eventually)；迟早；合拍,4.,应试指导(1)intime的高级词汇为earlyorlate，soonerorlater(迟早)；(2)atnotime位于句首倒装,ontime准时；按时innotime立即，马上atnotime决不atatime一次atonetime曾经；一度,(1)Brianusuallygetshomeintimetobaththechildren.布赖恩通常会及时赶回家给孩子们洗澡。(2)Ifyoucantarrivethereontime，youshouldwarnthem.如果你不能按时到达，应该预先通知他们。(3)Welldoupyourcarinnotimeatall.我们很快就能把你的汽车修好。,(1)写出下列句子中intime的汉语意思Andyknewhecouldnotreachthehouseintime.Youllsucceedintimebecauseyouarealwaysworkinghard.Themarcherskeptintimewiththeband.(2)用time的相关短语填空didIfeeltheywerebeingunreasonable.Iwanttobehomefortea.Youdbetterdoonething，sothatyoucanconcentrateonit.，thatkindofthingwouldhavemademereallyangry.,多维训练,及时,迟早,合拍,Atnotime,intime,atatime,Atonetime,答案,cheerup感到高兴；感到振奋,5.,应试指导交际用语中的用法,(1)cheersb.up使某人高兴cheer.on为加油(2)cheerfuladj.高兴的；快乐的(3)Cheers！干杯！,(1)Cheerup！Youreboundtosucceed.打起精神来！你一定会成功的。(2)Paddywasalwayscheerfulandjolly.帕迪总是很高兴，很开心。(3)Cheers！Withourcoffeecupsforourfuture!以咖啡代酒，为我们的未来干杯吧！,(1)给玛丽打个电话，她需要人安慰。GiveMaryacall；sheneeds.(2)当我感到忧伤时，我的母亲就给我讲有趣的故事让我高兴起来。WhenImfeelingsad，mymothertellsmefunnystories.(3)我们所做的一切都是为了给我们队加油。Whatwehaddonewas.,多维训练,cheeringup,tocheermeup,tocheerourteamon,答案,layv.放置；搁；下(蛋)；产(卵),6.,词义辨析,用lay，lie的正确形式填空(1)Theboythatthewhitehenablackeggandthatheitintheboxwhichunderthisbed.(2)Mothersroutinelybabiesontheirbackstosleep.,lied,hadlaid,多维训练,hadlaid,waslying,lay,答案,pulln.&vt.拉(力)；牵引(力),7.,多维训练,pullin,(1)ThetrainfromLondonwillatnoon.(2)Thecinemasheusedtovisithadbeen.(3)Thedriveratthetrafficlights.(4)Heisstillquitesick，butthedoctorissurehewill.(5)Imyrunningshoesandsteppedintothestreet.,pulleddown,pulledup,pullthrough,pulledon,答案,prevent.from.阻止；抑制；制止,8.,多维训练,(1)单句语法填空Nothingwouldpreventhimfrom(speak)outagainstinjustice.Thelawsprotecteveryoneherefrom(attack).(2)单句改错Hewaspreventedbyillnesscomingtoourbirthdayparty.Tokeepwarm，hekeptthefirefromburningallthenight.,speaking,beingattacked,illness后加from,去掉from,答案,Theywereintimetoproducecarbondioxide，nitrogen，watervapourandothergases，whichweretomaketheearthsatmosphere.,最终产生了二氧化碳、氮气、水蒸气和其他多种气体，从而形成了地球的大气层。,9.,betodo有五层意义：(1)表示预定，意为“预定”，相当于begoingtodo。(2)表示义务，意为“应该”，相当于should。(3)表示可能，意为“会做”，相当于can/could。(4)表示命运，意为“注定”(通常用于过去时，描述过去的事实)。(5)用于if.weretodo，引导对将来的虚拟语气。,句型公式：betodo,(1)HeistoreturnfromGermanytomorrow.他明天将从德国回来。(2)Youaretobebackby9oclock.你要在9点以前回家。,多维训练,(1)完成句子你什么时候回家？Whenhome?她将于下个月结婚。Shenextmonth.你应该报警。Youtothepolice.,areyoutoleavefor,istobemarried,aretoreport,答案,(2)单句改错Ifhewastoplayeverygame，maybehecouldbeoneofthebestplayersintheworld.,waswere,答案,.IfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellover.我发觉我被送出很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。,10.,倍数的表达方式：(1)倍数as.as.(2)倍数比较级than(3)倍数thesize/height/length/width.of.(4)倍数what从句(5)倍数thatof.,句型公式：倍数表达法,(1)Theplaneflewtentimesashighasthekite.那架飞机的飞行高度是那只风筝的十倍。(2)Beijingistentimesthesizeofmyhometown.北京是我家乡的十倍大。(3)Inourcountynowthegrainoutputissixtimesthatofbeforeliberation.现在我们县的粮食产量相当于解放前的六倍。,多维训练,(1)同义句改写Theredruleristhreetimesaslongastheyellowone.(用“倍数比较级”改写)(用“倍数then.of.”改写)(2)Itssaidthatthepowerplantisnow(以前的两倍大).,Theredruleristwicelongerthantheyellowone.,Theredruleristhreetimesthelengthoftheyellowone.,twiceaslargeaswhatitwas,答案,“Ohdear，”Icried，“walkingdoesneedabitofpracticenowthatgravityhaschanged.”“天啊，”我大声地说，“既然重力改变了，行走的确需要一些练习。”,11.,nowthat既然，由于，是连词词组，引导原因状语从句，表示明显的原因或既成的事实。口语中that常可省略。,其他表示原因的连词或介词短语：(1)because因为(语气较重，常用于回答why的疑问)(2)since因为；既然(可与nowthat互换),句型公式：nowthat引导原因状语从句,(3)as因为(语气较弱)(4)for因为(并列连词，引导一个分句，不能置于句首，表示进一步补充说明)(5)dueto，becauseof，onaccountof，owingto，thanksto，asaresultof等,(1)Nowthatthechildrenhaveknowntheresult，wecantelleveryoneelse.既然孩子们已经知道结果了，我们就可以告诉其他人了。(2)Sincewevenomoneywecantbuyanewcar.因为我们没钱，没法买新汽车。,多维训练,(1)单句语法填空yourehere，whynothaveadrink?itislate，Ishallgohomenow.Theschoolwasmovedoutofdowntownthenumberofstudentshadgrowntoolarge.Itmusthaverainedlastnight，thegroundiswet.(2)单句改错Hewasangrybecausewhathesaid.,Since,Since,as,for,because后加of,答案,返回,在高考语境中提升解题技能,语境填词,1.Manywastesproducedintheproducingprocessare(有害的)aswell.(2015江苏)2.Thedebatebetweenscienceand(宗教)continuestobeheated.(2013陕西)3.Whenwewereinthemiddleofthelake，astrongwindcameallofasudden.Theboatwashit(猛烈地).(2011重庆),harmful,religion,violently,答案,4.Thishidden(系统)worksinaverysimilarwaytothenetworksofneurons(神经元)inourbrains.(2014辽宁)5.Someexpertsthinkreadingisthe(基本的)skilluponwhichschooleducationdepends.(2015安徽),system,fundamental,答案,单句语法填空,1.Ifwehadtakentheotherroad，wemight(arrive)hereintimeforthemeeting.(2010陕西)2.Thismorning，whenIwaswalkingonthestreet，Isawthattwotravelerswerereadingamap，looking(puzzle).(2012北京)3.Truecreativityistheabilitytotakesomething(exist)andcreatesomethingnewfromit.(2014新课标全国)4.ChinarecentlytighteneditswaterscontrolsneartheHuangyanIslandtopreventChinesefishingboatsfrom(attack)intheSouthChinaSea.(2012福建),havearrived,puzzled,existing,beingattacked,答案,5.Onenight，whenIwaseight，mymother(gentle)askedmeaquestionIwouldneverforget.(2014天津)6.Iftheywinthefinaltonight，theteamaregoingtotouraroundthecity(cheer)bytheirenthusiasticsupporters.(2011浙江)7.Beforeaproblemcanbesolved，mustbeobviouswhattheproblemitselfis.(2011湖南)8.Thevillagershavealreadyknownwelldoistorebuildthebridge.(2011江西),gently,tobecheered,it,what,答案,9.Mrs.Whiteshowedherstudentssomeoldmaps(borrow)fromthelibrary.(2010新课标全国)10.(listen)toloudmusicatrockconcertshascausedhearinglossinsometeenagers.(2010湖南),borrowed,Listening,答案,短语填空,1.Thedestructionofsuchspeciescouldresearchersfindingcuresforcertaindiseases.(2015陕西)2.Sowewentovertothefl