高中英语Unit1AlandofdiversitySection1WarmingUpandReading课件新人教版选修.ppt

,Unit1Alandofdiversity,Unit1,牵手课堂,CaliforniaCalifornia,astateinthewesternUnitedStates,bordersthePacificOcean.ThethirdlargeststateintheUnion,Californiacoversanareaofgreatphysicaldiversityinwhichuplandsdominatethelandscape.Themountains,hills,ridges,andpeaksofCaliforniaborderthecoastline,risetonearly4,600metersinthetoweringSierraNevada,encirclethegreatfertilebasinoftheCentralValley,andseparatethedesertintoinnumerablebasins.However,despitethephysicaldominanceandeconomicvalueoftheuplands,Californiasurbanareasandeconomicproductionareconcentratedinthevalleysandlowlands,suchasinthehugemetropolitanregioncenteredonLosAngeles,thestateslargestandthenationssecondlargestcity.,Manufacturing,agriculture,andrelatedactivitiesaretheprincipalsourcesofincome.Theyarebasedinlargepartonthestateswealthofnaturalresources,itsproductivefarmlands,itslargeandhighlyskilledlaborforce,anditsabilitytomarketitsoutputbothathomeandabroad.ThenameCaliforniawasfirstusedtodesignatetheregionbytheSpanishexpeditionledbyJuan,asitsailednorthwardalongthecoastfromMexicoin1542.ThenameitselfwasprobablyderivedfromapopularSpanishnovelpublishedin1510inwhichafictionalislandparadisenamedCaliforniawasdescribed.ThestatesofficialnicknameistheGoldenState,referringtothegoldrush,whichplayedacentralroleinCaliforniasentryintotheUniononSeptember9,1850,asthe31ststate.Thenicknamealsosuggeststhestatesgoldenfieldsandsunshine.,SectionWarmingUpandReading,栏目导航,.Readthetextandmatchthemainideawitheachparagraph.Part（Para.1）：A.ThefutureofCalifornia.Part（Para.28）：B.BriefintroductiontoCalifornia.Part（Para.9）：C.ThehistoryaboutpeoplefromdifferentcountriesmovedtoCalifornia.答案：Part：BPart：CPart：A,.Scanthetextandchoosethebestansweraccordingtothetext.1.WhichofthefollowingdoesntbelongtothecharacteristicsofCalifornia?A.IthasthelargestpopulationofAmerica.B.Itsthemostmulticulturalstate.C.Ithasthebestclimateandlifestyle.D.ItsthethirdlargeststateintheUSA.答案：C,2.Fromthethirdparagraph,wecanlearnthat.A.themajorityofNativeAmericanswerereligiousB.CaliforniagotridoftheSpanishgovernmentin1846C.theSpanishspentover200yearstakingcontroloftheUSD.nearlyhalfofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirstlanguage答案：B,3.WhatsmainlydiscussedinParagraph67?A.ThedifferentimmigrantsandtheirlifeinCalifornia.B.ThereasonwhyimmigrantscametoCalifornia.C.Thenationalitiesofimmigrantsandthetimeoftheirarrival.D.WhattheimmigrantsdidtoAmericanssociety.答案：C,4._hasattractedpeoplefromIndiaandPakistantoCalifornia.A.DrugsB.GoldC.MedicineD.Computerindustry答案：D,5.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.ThefirstpeoplearrivedinCaliforniafifteenthousandyearsago.B.Adventurersfromallovertheworldachievedtheirgolddreamsandreturnedhome.C.In1821,thepeopleofCaliforniagainedtheirindependencefromMexico.D.Nowadays,peopleimmigratetoCaliforniaforitsniceclimateandlifestyle.答案：D,.Fillintheblanksinthefollowingpassageaccordingtothetext.Californiaisthethird1._(large)stateintheUSAbuthasthelargestpopulation.At2._(vary)times,peoplefromdifferentcountriesintheworldhaveimmigratedtoCalifornia.Itislikely3._thefirstsettlerscametoCaliforniabymeans4._alandbridgeatleast15,000yearsago.Inthe16thcentury,Europeansarrivedandforcedthousandsofthenativepeople5._slavery.Inthe18thcentury,CaliforniawasruledbySpain.Thats6._todayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirstorsecondlanguage.In1842,thepeopleofMexicogainedtheir7._(independent)fromSpainandCaliforniabecamepartofMexico.,largest,various,that,of,into,why,independence,However,in1846,theUnitedStates8._(declare)waronMexicoandwonthewar,soCaliforniahadtobegiventotheUnitedStates.Intheearly1800s,RussiansbegansettlinginCalifornia.In1848,goldwasdiscoveredinCalifornia,9._attractedpeoplewhohadthedreamofbecomingrich.Infact,fewachievedtheirdreams.Manydiedorreturnedhome,butmostremainedinCaliforniatomake10._lifeforthemselves.In1850,CaliforniabecamethethirtyfirststateoftheUnitedStates.,declared,which,a,Pointdistinctionn.差别；区分；卓著；特质；特点,考点一单词点击,ItalsohasthedistinctionofbeingthemostmulticulturalstateintheUSA,havingattractedpeoplefromallovertheworld.(教材P1)加州与众不同之处在于它也是美国最具多元文化的一个州，它吸引了来自世界各地的人们。,drawmakeadistinction（betweenAandB）把（A与B）区别开havethedistinctionofdoingsth.有特点;不同凡响withoutdistinction无差别地；一视同仁地,Itisimportanttodrawmakeadistinctionbetweenthetwooptions.把这两个选项加以区别是十分重要的。Weshouldmakedrawadistinctionbetweenrightandwrong.我们应该分清是非。Hehasthedistinctionofbeingverygeneroustothoseinneed.他卓尔不群，对那些需要帮助的人慷慨善良。,distinctadj.清晰的；明显的；明确的bedistinctin/from在某方面与不同,Thereisadistinctimprovementinherpronunciation.她的发音有了明显的进步。Thosetwosuggestionsarequitedistinctfromeachother.那两个建议截然不同。,单句语法填空。(1)Thetwoessaysaredistinctfromeachother_style.解析：句意：这两篇散文在风格上不同，考查短语bedistinctfromin在方面与不同。(2)Wemustmakeadistinction_freedomandlicence(放纵).解析：句意：我们必须区分自由和放纵。makeadistinctionbetweenand把与区别开。,in,between,ameansofcommunication一种通讯/交流工具bymeansof用办法；借助bythismeans用这种方法byallmeans务必，一定，当然可以byanymeans无论如何，以一切可能的手段bynomeans决不，一点也不（位于句首时，句子用部分倒装）,MillionsofChineserelyonbicyclesastheirimportantmeansoftransportation.自行车是数百万中国人赖以出行的重要交通工具。Byallmeans,drinkplentyofwaterwhileexercising.当然，锻炼的时候多喝水。Herfilmsarebynomeansassimpleastheymayhavefirstappeared.她的电影绝不可能像乍一看起来那么简单。,method,way,means,approach与manner(1)method指有系统、有条理地办事或解决问题的方法。尤指有次序的、有计划的方法，较正式，常和介词of搭配。(2)way是常用词，可指一般的方法，有时也指个人的方法或方式，也可指特殊的方式或方法，常和介词in搭配。(3)means指为达到某种目的或目标而采用的方法、手段或途径，常和介词by搭配。(4)approach指从事某事的特别方法、途径，常与介词to搭配使用。,单句改错。(1)Everypossiblemeanshavebeentried,butnoneofthemworks.解析：句意：可能的方法都试过，但没有起作用，every修饰means,means这里是单数意义，故谓语动词用单数。(2)IvetriedveryhardtoimprovemyEnglish.Butbynomeanstheteacherissatisfiedwithmyprogress.用means,way,method,approach填空。解析：句意：我很努力地想提高英语，但是我的老师对我的进步一点也不满意。bynomeans决不，位于句首，句子要用部分倒装。,has,is,(3)Thesevegetablescanbecookedindifferent_.解析：句意：蔬菜可以用不同的方法烹饪。indifferentways用不同的方法。(4)Weexpressourthoughtsby_ofwords.解析：句意：我们用语言表达我们的思想，bymeansof通过；借助。,ways,means,(5)The_ofteachingneedsimproving.解析：句意：教学方法需要改进。themethodofteaching教学方法。(6)Wehaveaverycommunicative_toteachinglanguages.解析：句意：我们在语言教学中非常强调交际教学法。anapproachto的方法。,method,approach,Pointmajorityn.大多数；大半,themajorityof的大多数ina/themajority占大多数haveamajorityoversb.拥有多数；战胜某人,(1)majoradj.主要的；重要的；较多的v.专修；主攻majorin主修(2)minoradj.较少的minorityn.少数,Atthemeeting,youngpeoplewereinthemajority.在会上，年轻人占大多数。Themajorityofthedamageiseasytorepair.(themajorityof后接不可数名词)大部分损害是容易补救的。Shemajoredinhistorywhileatcollege.她在大学里主修的是历史。,单句语法填空。(1)Themajorityofthedamage_(be)easytorepair.解析：句意：大多数的损毁是容易修理的。damage当“损坏”讲时为不可数名词，作主语谓语动词用单数。(2)One-thirdofthecountry_(be)coveredwithtreesandthemajorityofthecitizens_(be)blackpeople.解析：句意：这个国家的三分之一国土被树木覆盖，而且大多数居民是黑人。分数、百分比以及theminorityof等结构中谓语动词的单复数取决于谓语动词前面的名词的单复数。thecountry是单数，而thecitizens是复数。,is/was,is,are,Pointelectvt.选择；决定做某事；选举某人,【注意】在“elect+sb.+职务”结构中，表示职务的名词前不加冠词。常见的职务名词有：monitor,mayor,chairman,president,captain等。,electionn.选举；推举；当选runforanelection参加竞选wintheelection赢得选举,ThelabourPartywonthe2016electionbyahugemajority.工党以绝对优势赢得了2016年选举。,单句语法填空。(1)Thepurposeofthismeetingis_(elect)anewchairman.解析：句意：会议的目的就是选一位新主席。考查句型Thepurposeofistodosth.“目的是”，不定式作表语，说明主语的内容。(2)Haveyouheardabouttherecent_(elect)?解析：句意：你听说了最近的选举吗？形容词recent修饰名词，故用election。,toelect,election,Pointboom（1）n.（人口、贸易的）繁荣；（工商业、经济等的）迅速发展；（价格、股票等的）暴涨TheindustryboomattractedEuropeansincludingmanyJewishpeople.(教材P3)这个新兴的行业吸引了欧洲人，包括许多犹太人。babyboom生育高峰期Theoilmarketisenjoyingaboom.石油市场欣欣向荣。Howlongcanthepresentbusinessboomlast?目前这种商业繁荣能持续多久？,（2）vi.处于经济迅速发展时期；蓬勃发展BusinesshasbeenboomingsinceIenlargedtheshop.自从我扩大商店经营以来，生意一直兴隆。Stocksboomedyesterday.股票昨天暴涨了。,boomingadj.兴旺的，繁荣的；大受欢迎的,boomingincome高收入boomingmarket繁荣的市场,单句语法填空。(1)WebcommerceinChina_(boom)withinrecentyearsasbuyersswitchtotheInternetforbetterdealsfrommorereliablesuppliersandreasonableprices.解析：句意：最近几年，网络贸易在中国逐渐火爆，消费者上网可以买到自己想要的和价格合理的商品。单句改错。(2)Ourtownishavingsuchboomthatitislikelytodoubleitssizeintwoyears.,hasbeenbooming,a,考点二短语诠释,liveby靠（手段、方式）为生livewith容忍，忍受liveupto符合，不辜负(希望)livea(n)life过着一种的生活livethrough经历而幸存,用由live构成的短语的适当形式填空。（1）EventhoughFatherChristmasisnolongerliving,hisspiritofgenerosity_today.（2）Mygrandfather_bothworldwars.（3）Weshouldworkhardandtryto_ourparentsexpectations.（4）Thebravegirlislearningto_herdisability.,liveson,livedthrough,liveupto,livewith,Pointmakealife习惯于新的生活方式、工作等Somediedorreturnedhome,butmostremainedinCaliforniatomakealifeforthemselvesdespitegreathardship.(教材P2)许多人死了或回家了，但是尽管条件十分艰苦，多数人仍然留在了加利福尼亚靠劳作谋生。Truemastersarethosewhohavechosentomakealiferatherthanaliving.真正杰出的人是那些选择怎样生活而不是怎样生存的人。,(1)bringsb./sth.tolife使某物更生动；使某人/某物苏醒lead/livealife过着的生活devoteoneslifetosth./doingsth.献身于、致力于某事/做某事cometolife苏醒过来；恢复生机；变得活跃(2)make/earnaliving谋生makeafortune赚一大笔钱makeit成功；准时到达；渡过难关makeup化妆；编造；组成；补足；和解,选用以上短语的适当形式填空。(1)Shehadbeenabsentfromschoolfortwoweeks,soshenaturallyhadalotofhomework_.(2)Afterseveralupsanddowns,itfinally_topublication,andIwassohappytoreceivetheoverwhelmingsupportofmyreaders.(3)Ineducation,wearestrivingnottoteachyouthtomakealiving,but_.,tomakeup,madeit,tomakealife,Pointkeepup坚持；维持；沿袭（风俗、传统等）；鼓起（勇气）In1911immigrantsfromDenmarkestablishedatownoftheirown,whichtodaystillkeepsuptheirDanishculture.(教材P2)1911年，丹麦的移民建立了自己的城镇，至今仍然保留着丹麦文化。Ihopethefineweatherwillkeepup.我希望好天气继续下去。Yourealldoingasplendidjob;keepupthegoodwork!你们干得都很出色,要坚持下去!Imafraidnoonecankeepupifwecontinuetoworksohard.再这样拼命工作下去，恐怕大家都会撑不住的。,keepon继续keepupwith赶上；不落后keepout（of）不让进入keep（sb./sth.）away（fromsb./sth.）使不靠近keepsb./sth.fromdoingsth.阻止某人/某物做某事,Howdowekeepupwithallthesechangesandtrends?我们要如何赶上这些变化和潮流？,用由keep构成的短语的适当形式填空。（1）Shelikesto_thelatestfashions.（2）Weshouldtryto_ouroldcustoms.（3）Nomatterhowheavilyitsnowed,they_hiking.,keepupwith,keepup,kepton,Pointwhat在名词性从句中的语义和语法功能ExactlywhenthefirstpeoplearrivedinwhatwenowknowasCalifornia,noonereallyknows.（教材P2）没有人知道第一批开拓者首次到达我们现在称之为加利福尼亚的确切时间。点拨：这是一个多重复合句：1）主句是noonereallyknows,exactlywhen是know的宾语从句，这是为了强调而将宾语前置；2）what在本句中引导宾语从句，作介词in的宾语，意为“所之事”。what用作代词，在意义上译法非常灵活，它可以指“的东西”“的人”“的时间”“的地点”等；在句法中可以作主语、宾语、表语，相当于定语从句中的“先行词+关系代词”。具体用法如下：,（1）指代“的东西”，意为“什么；多少；怎么；的；所的”，相当于somethingthat。Youhavetoconsiderwhatyoushoulddonext.你必须考虑下一步该做什么。（2）指代“的人”，意为“的样子；面貌；状况”，相当于thepersonthat/who。Inmyopinion,youshouldoweyoursuccessmostlytoyourparents.我认为你的成功主要归功于你的父母。Youareright.TheyhavebroughtmeupandmademewhatIam.对，是他们把我培养成我现在的样子。,（3）指代“的地方”，相当于theplacethat。Amoderncityhasbeensetupinwhatwasawastelandtenyearsago.一座现代化城市已在十年前还是一片荒地的地方建起了。（4）指代“的时间”，相当于thetimethat。Afterwhatseemedtobealongtime,thesoldiercamebacktolife.似乎过了很长时间之后，士兵苏醒了过来。,单句改错。(1)Whatamess!Youarealwayssolazy.Imnottoblame,mum.Iamhowyouhavemademe.解析：句意(答语)：不要怪我，妈妈。是你把我惯成这么懒，what引导表语从句，在从句中作宾语补足语。makesb.+宾补，使某人怎么样。(2)Towardsnightfalltheyarrivedinwhichseemedlikeavalley.解析：句意：傍晚时他们来到似乎像山谷的一个地方，which哪一个，表示疑问；what引导介词宾语从句，在从句中充当主语。,what,what,PointItisbelievedthatsb./sth=sb./sth.isbelievedtoItisbelieve