2018-2019学年高一英语上学期第一次月考试题（A卷）.doc

2018-2019学年高一英语上学期第一次月考试题（A卷）注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。用2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型A后的方框涂黑。2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）(略) 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 AIt has long been thought that elephants rely on their large ears and bathing in rivers to stay cool in hot climates. New research，however，has showed that the worlds largest land animals have a secret trick of controlling their body temperatures.Scientists have long been puzzled by temperature regulation(调节)in elephants. Generally，animals with large bodies tend to hold more heat because，pared to their size，they have a small surface area for heat to escape from. Elephants，with their heavyweight frames，would appear to be at a disadvantage in the heat of their African and Asian habitats，especially because they have thick fur to protect them from bushes and trees.Scientists thought that these creatures，which weigh up to 13 tons when fullygrown，grow large ears to help them stay cool. The skin on the ears is thinner，so blood which flows into them cools down more easily. But findings by researchers at two universities in Vienna have showed that elephants are also able to cool down by increasing the blood flow to skin patches(斑) in other parts of their bodies.The researchers studied six African elephants at Vienna Zoo as they moved between outdoor and indoor environments to see how the temperature on their skin surface would change. They found up to 15 “hot spots” all over an elephants body surface，in addition to large patches on the ears. The study shows how these patches expand as the air temperature increases and more blood flows nearer to the skin surface. Other experiments show that elephants in the wild use the same “windows” to control their body temperature.Elephants have two additional ways to stay cool: flapping(拍打)the ears and bathing. Together with these tricks，the skin hot spots allow the animals to keep their body temperature always at about 36 degreesone degree less than humans.21. What can we know about the elephants?A. They have thick fur to protect them.B. They live in cool areas in Africa and Asia.C. They can weigh up to 3 tons when fullygrown.D. They are afraid of water and rivers.22. The function of the thinner skin on elephants ears is to_.A. control their body temperature B. help hold more heatC. drive away insects D. keep sensitive hearing23. The new research_.A. studied six Asian elephantsB. studied elephants in a zoo and in the wildC. aimed to discover the elephants disadvantagesD. proved that scientists earlier beliefs were totally true【答案】21-23 AAB【解析】21. 细节理解题。根据第二段的they have thick fur to protect them from bushes and trees可知A项正确。22推理判断题。从第三段的“.grow large ears to help them stay cool. The skin on the ears is thinner，so blood which flows into them cools down more easily.”可推断出A项正确。23细节理解题。根据第四段的The researchers studied six African elephants at Vienna Zoo和Other experiments show that elephants in the wild.可知B项正确。BMySpace，the social networking website，is different from other websites which only provide stories about other people. MySpace is a place that allows you to broadcast your own stories and personal information to as many people as you like. Started two years ago，it is a big source of information for and about American kids.Teenagers and their parents feel very different about it. Teens are rushing to join the site，not sharing their parents worries. It signals yet another generation gap in the digital era.For teenagers，it is reliable network to keep in touch with their friends. They will often list their surnames，birthdays，afterschool jobs，school clubs，hobbies and other personal information.“MySpace is an easy way to reach just about everyone. I dont have all the phone numbers of my acquaintances. But if I want to get in touch with one of them，I could just leave them a message on MySpace，”said Abby Van Wassen. She is a 16yearold student at Woodland Hills High of Pittsburgh，Pennsylvania.Parents on the other hand are seriously concerned about the security problems of MySpace. “Every time we hold a parents meeting，the first question is always about MySpace，”said Kent Gates，who travels the country doing Internet safety seminars(研讨会)The National Centre for Missing and Exploited Children has received at least 288 MySpace related plaints，according to Mary Beth Buchanan，a lawyer in Pittsburgh.“Your profile on MySpace shows all your personal information to anyone on the Web. And MySpace even lists this information by birthplace and age. Its like a free checklist for troublemakers and it endangers children，” Buchanan said.24. From the passage, we can learn that MySpace _.A. brings about the generation gapB. is very careful about peoples privacyC. encourages you to list your personal informationD. lists the telephone numbers of your friends25Why are some parents against MySpace?A. Because they think MySpace has a bad influence on their children.B. Because they dont want to pay so much money for MySpace.C. Because it takes up too much of their childrens spare time.D. Because troublemakers can easily reach their children through the site.26What can we infer from “Every time we hold a parents meeting，the first question is always about MySpace”？A. MySpace has bee a top problem troubling parents.B. MySpace often holds parents meetings.C. MySpace is quite popular with parents.D. Parents have lots of questions about the website.27Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?A. Internet Safety B. MySpace C. Generation Gap D. The Digital Era【答案】24-27 CDAB【解析】24. 根据第一段中的“允许你向尽可能多的人提供你的个人信息”可知。25.由于孩子们把自己的个人信息透露给其他人，所以“孩子的安全问题没有保障”，这正是家长所担心的，故选D项。26.每次开家长会，谈论的第一个问题就是MySpace，由此判断MySpace是最令家长头疼的问题。27.根据第一段第一句“MySpace，the social networking website，is different from other websites.”可知，文章主要讲述MySpace这个网站。CKids are natural scientists. That may be why they ask so many questions.Younger kids take up science and math with amazing enthusiasm，yet as they get older they often lose their excitement. Children look on scientific exploration as play，but as they get older they start to connect it with big heavy books，long worksheets and a lot of really confusing words.What a tragedy！We had their attention，they were listening，they were participating，they were learning and then we lost it to boredom.We need our kids to play more. More play brings up basic scientific concepts(概念)Being familiar with basic scientific concepts brings about exploration which leads to research. Once they are researching，they are pletely into the learning.My boys built a small 9hole golf course next to our driveway one day. It was a great product of science. They dug out the holes and channels to guide the golf ball. They played with architecture(建筑学)with a series of pipes they had found in the garage. They tested speed and momentum(动量)by creating one of the holes across the driveway. They experienced biology when deciding which front yard plants could be used as a part of the course and which needed to be pulled up.If I had sent them out to the yard to build a 9hole golf course，it would have never happened. It was because it was their idea that it worked. I try to tell them some of the concepts after the fact. When they ask about something，I try to relate it back to something they have built，experienced，or felt. I try to give them a vocabulary around what they already know.An afternoon can change the way kids look at the world. Not bad for a day of play.28. What can we learn about kids attitudes towards science from the first three paragraphs?A. Kids think they are born to work as scientists.B. Younger kids begin to learn science on purpose.C. Older kids often link science with boring things.D. Childrens taking an interest in science is a tragedy.29.By building the small golf course，the writers boys learnt about all of the following things EXCEPT_.A. speed B. momentum C. biology D. agriculture30.If the writer had forced the boys to build a small golf course，they might have _.A. asked her some related scientific conceptsB. made a better golf course than the one they had builtC. asked their friends to help them with the workD. got bored and refused to follow the writers directions31. In which part of a newspaper is the article probably included?AArchitecture. B. Education.CHealth. D. Sports.【答案】28-31 CDDB【解析】28推理判断题。从第二段的as they get older they start to connect it with big heavy books.和第三段的and then we lost it to boredom可知C项正确。29细节理解题。根据第五段的They played with architecture with.They tested speed and momentum by creating.以及They experienced biology when deciding.可知D项是没有涉及的内容。30推理判断题。第六段的If I had sent them out to the yard to build a 9hole golf course，it would have never happened. It was because it was their idea that it worked.对本题有提示作用，这两句隐含的意思是如果是“我”让他们去修个小球场的话，他们肯定不会达到上文所述的效果，因为他们想做才能做成。31推理判断题。本文的主要内容是讨论如何让孩子在玩耍中学习科学知识，应归属于讨论教育的文章。DNot all think laughter is the best medicine, but it seems to help. So scientists carried on a new study of diabetes (糖尿病) patients who were given a good dose of humor for a year to prove it.Researchers divided 20 highrisk diabetic patients into two groups. Both groups were given standard diabetes medicine. Group L viewed 30 minutes of humor of their choice，while Group C，the control group，did not. This went on for a year of treatments.By two months into the study，the patients in the laughter group had lower level of the hormones epinephrine (肾上腺素)，considered to cause stress，which is known to be deadly. After the 12 months，HDL cholesterol rises 26 percent in Group L but only 3 percent in Group CIn another measure，Creactive proteins，a maker of heart disease，drop 66 percent in the laughter group but only 26 percent in the control group.“The best doctors believe that there is a physical good brought about by the positive emotion，happy laughter，”said study leader Lee Berk of Loma Linda University. And other research has found that humor makes us more hopeful. Still，more study is needed，Berk said. The research by Berk found that humor can bring about similar changes in body chemistry，which was proved in the new study. The research result will be presented this month at the meeting in the US. Research at the University of Maryland School of Medicine shows that laughter causes the inner lining of blood vessels to expand，increasing blood flow in a way thought to be healthy.“Lifestyle choices have an important effect on health and these are choices which we and patients should pay attention to，rather than prevention and treatment,”Berk said in a statement this week.32. Why did the scientists carry on the new research?A .To find out if laughter was good to health.B. To discover the best medicine to cure diabetes.C. Because the number of diabetic patients is the largest in the world.D. Because diabetic patients need more laughter than other patients.33After 12 months into the study，_.A. Creactive proteins increase 66 percent in Group CB. the level of the hormones epinephrine stays the same in both groupsC. the level of the hormones epinephrine has droppedD. Creactive proteins reduced 66 percent in Group L34. The underlined part “HDL cholesterol” in Paragraph 3 must be _.A. something bad to our health B. something good to our healthC. a kind of wonderful medicineD. a kind of dangerous disease35. In what way does laughter benefit peoples health?A. Blood is made thick by laughter.B. Laughter makes blood vessels thin.C. Laughter increases blood pressure.D. Laughter makes blood flow fast.【答案】32-35 ADBD【解析】32.由文章开头“Not all think laughter is the best medicine，but it seems to help. So.”可判断A项正确。33.据文章第三段最后一句即可知选项D正确。34.结合本句中的“ rises 26 percent in Group L”和“3 percent in Group C”可判断B项正确。35.据文章倒数第二段最后一句可得选项D正确。第二节 （共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。English is one of the most difficult languages to master. Even if you might not yet sound like someone born and raised speaking the language, you should still congratulate yourself on how far youve e. Remember that practice makes perfect. So keep working at it and your skill level will certainly improve.Create an English environment for yourself._36_.The more you hear the language, the better youll understand how and when to use mon words and phrases and how the language is pronounced.Practise speaking English every chance you get, whether at school, at work or speaking to family and friends. When you speak in your native language, ask yourself, “How would I say that in English?”Watch yourself speak English in the mirror._37_.And practise changing anything you dont like. If youre unfortable making up things to say to yourself, just read your lessons aloud.Use confident body language while you speak English. Even if youre having trouble pronouncing words or remembering phrases, dont keep your head down. Speak in a natural, conversational tone(语气); keep your back and head straight, and your chin(下巴) up. If youre in a relaxed setting, put your hands behind your head and put your feet up._38_.Find a language friend who speaks fluent English and wants to learn your language._39_._Increase your confidence by knowing you have something valuable to teach, as well as something to learn._40_.Instead of saying “Im no good at this,” say “Every day Im getting better.”A. Take turns teaching each otherB. Train your body into feeling in controlC. Speak confidently about your English abilityD. Learning a language requires long hours of study and practiceE. Get fortable with the way you look speaking the languageF. Read books, watch television shows, movies and plays in EnglishG. Improve your confidence by teaching those worse at English than you【答案】36. F 37. E 38. B 39. A 40. C【解析】本文叙述的是：如何提高自己的英语能力。文章从几方面进行了论述。36. 根据上句：为你自己创造一个英语环境。再根据下句：你们听这种语言越多，你将会理解的越好。可知F项，Read books, watch television shows, movies and plays in English读英语书，看英语视频等。（符合题意）故选F。37. 根据段落首句：在镜子里看自己说英语。根据空格下句：练习改变任何你不喜欢的东西。可知要适应你说这种语言的样子。故选E。38. 根据上句：如果你在一个轻松的环境，把你的手放在头后面，把你的脚抬起来。可知要训练你的身体控制情绪。故选B。39. 根据上句：找一个英语说得很流利，想学你这种语言的朋友。再根据空格下句：知道你有一些有价值要教的东西，还有要学的东西，会给你增加信心。可知要轮流着互相教。故选A。40. C根据下文：不要说“我不擅长这个，”而要说，“每天我在变得更好“。可知你要自信地展示你的英语能力。故选C。第三部分 英语知识运用 （共两节，满分 45） 第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Douglas was my cousin. I first met him when he came to stay with my family for a _41_, because his parents were going to teach in Africa.He and his family _42_all the way on the other side of the country, so we had never had a chance to visit. _43_, when we arrived at the airport, it was not hard to find which person was my _44_. He was the one standing all alone, looking around for someone to _45_him. He looked a little scared to meet us, _46_started to smile shyly after my mom hugged (拥抱) him.When we got back home and Douglas _47_putting his things away, I could not believe it. All of his _48_were the same, all white shirts and dark blue shorts. He _49_had a dark blue jacket with a tie!“How e you _50_only one kind of clothes?” I asked him.“Thats the way my school has _51_been,” he said. “We have to wear uniforms.”“I would hate having to wear the _52_thing every day,” I said.“I dont _53_,” Douglas said. “It _54_time. I dont have to think about what I am going to wear.”“Well, we dont wear uniforms at our _55_. Youre going to look pretty _56_if you e to school in a jacket and tie.”Douglas looked worried. _57_, I felt bad. I had not meant to _58_his feelings. After all, it was not easy to e all this way to live with some _59_family for a year. Then and there I decided that I was going to _60_my cousin and try to make this as good a year as possible for him.41. A. day B. week C. month D. year42. A. worked B. lived C. traveled D. studied43. A. However B. Instead C. Besides D. Therefore44. A. parent B. cousin C. uncle D. friend45. A. ask B. teach C. help D. meet46. A. so B. but C. or D. and47. A. started B. stopped C. finished D. continued48. A. bags B. pictures C. books D. clothes49. A. also B. again C. still D. even50. A. make B. hate C. wear D. sell51. A. sometimes B. never C. always D. seldom52. A. right B. same C. only D. old53. A. know B. use C. mind D. remember54. A. costs B. saves C. wastes D. counts55. A. airport B. country C. home D. school56. A. brave B. funny C. smart D. handsome57. A. Really B. Luckily C. Suddenly D. Secretly58. A. share B. enjoy C. hurt D. understand59. A. difficult B. special C. big D. strange60. A. look at B. look for C. look after D. look up【答案】41. D 42. B 43. A 44. B 45. D 46. B 47. A 48. D 49. D 50. C 51. C 52. B 53. C 54. B 55. D 56. B 57. C 58. C 59. D 60. C【解析】作者表弟的父母要去非洲支教一年，于是他就暂时住到了作者家里。表弟一到作者家里就开始忙着整理衣物，他带的衣服和身上穿的一样，都是白衬衫和深蓝色短裤。表弟习惯一种衣服，但是作者却不喜欢。意识到表弟可能会不习惯住在作者家里，作者决定好好照顾表弟。41. 考查名词辨析。根据最后一段“live with some 59 family for a year.”可知，表弟来作者家里住一年，故选D。42. 考查动词。他和他的家人一直住在这个国家的另一边。故选B。43. 考查副词。然而，当我们到达飞机场的时候，找到我表弟并不是一件难事。和上文是转折关系，故选A。44. 考查名