西交大unit1英语课后习题答案.ppt

SentenceStudy,1.Weareonatrajectoryforglobalwarmingtobecomemuchmoreintenseunlesswebeginaconcertedrapidshifttowardalow-carboneconomy.(para.1line2),Notes:trajectory轨迹，轨道，弹道ballistictrajectory弹道轨迹，惯性飞行轨迹onatrajectory:onthewaytowarde.g.Themissiledeflectedfromitstrajectory.Theuniversityisontherighttrajectoryinansweringthequestion“whateducationcando?”,concerted协定的，协调的concertedaction一致行动intenseheat/emotion/painintensivetraining/care/labor-/economyintense和intensive的意思在相当程度上是交叉的，但是它们经常有细微的差别。当用来描述人的感情或活动时，intense通常指由内在倾向而来的力量或专心；而intensive更常用于指行为的强度和程度是由外部强加的。,Paraphrase:Humanbeingsaremakingtheearthwarmerandwarmertoanintolerabledegree.Nowtheonlytostopitisforallcountriestotakeactionstogethertobuildalow-carboneconomy.,2.FearsofanenvironmentalcrisisaredefiningtheirgenerationinwaysthattheDepression,WorldWarII,VietnamandtheColdWarslingeringWarGamesetchedsoulsinthe20thcentury.(para.4-line2),Notes:TheGreatDepressionwasasevereworldwideeconomicdepressioninthedecadeprecedingWorldWarII.Itstartedinabout1929andlasteduntilthelate1930sorearly1940s.Vietnam:VietnamWar-Inthe1950stheUnitedStatesbegantosendtroopstoVietnam.Duringthefollowing25-yearstheensuingwarkilledover2,5millionpeopleonbothsides.Coldwarbeganin1946withWinstonChurchillsIronCurtainSpeech,andendedin1991withthecollapseoftheSovietUnion,aconflictbetweenSocialismandCapitalism.,inwaysthat:以.的方式e.g.Humanshapetheirenvironmentinwaysthatotherorganismscannot.Watermovesincomplexwaysthatnoonecouldeverdraw.Paraphrase:Youngpeoplenowadaysarefrightenedandimpactedbyenvironmentalpollutionandclimatechange.Thefrightisjustlikethatofpeoplein20thcenturywhohaveexperiencedandsufferedfromDepression,WorldWarII,ColdWarandVietnamWar.Theseallhaveleftintensepainfulscarsonpeoplesmindandbody.Translation:对环境危机的恐惧正在影响着年轻一代，其影响的方式如同上世纪的大萧条、二战、越战、冷战的“战争阴影”对当时人们心灵的侵蚀一样。,3.Accordingtothisanalysis,keepingaveragetemperaturetoanincreaseintherangeof2.0-2.4oCwouldrequireaCO2equivalentconcentration-orCO2e,whichisameasurementthatexpressestheglobalwarmingpotentialofallgreenhousegasescomparedtoCO2-intherangeof445partspermillionto490partspermillion,ahighlyambitioustarget.,Notes：破折号引入的部分可看作是对“CO2equivalentconcentration”的补充解释，不影响主句的语法结构。Paraphrase:Ifwewanttokeepaveragetemperatureincreasingnomorethan2.0-2.4oC,wehavetokeepCO2equivalentconcentrationwithin445partspermillionto490partspermillion.Thisisamissionwemustendeavortofulfill.CO2equivalent,orCO2e,isawaytomeasuretheglobalwarmingdegreeofallgreenhousegasesascomparedtoCO2.翻译：根据这一分析，温度的上升控制在2-2.4摄氏度就要求二氧化碳当量气体浓度保持在445-490ppm的范围内，要做到这一点相当不容易。二氧化碳当量是度量所有温室效应气体对大气温度的影响能力的基本单位。,1.(地)图上未标明的2.未经探测的；未知的,unchartednt:tidadj.,(ofunknownregions)notyetsurveyedorinvestigated同近义词：unknown,sealed,事实上，我们正进入一个未知的地域。,我拥有一张地图，上面有一个以前从未曾标注的岛屿一个被认为只有在神话传说当中存在的地方。,Ivecomeintopossessionofamap,anunchartedisland,aplacethatwasthoughttoexistonlyinmyth.,Infactweareenteringanunchartedterritory.,ToomuchvitaminDisthoughttodisruptthebodyscalciumlevels.,Thetornadodisruptedbroadcastingalongtheentirecoast.,龙卷风使整个沿海的广播都中断了。,过量的维生素D会扰乱人体的钙平衡。,disruptdisrptvt.破坏；使瓦解；使分裂；使中断；使陷于混乱destroy,tear,undermineadj.分裂的，中断的；分散的divided,scattered,Marketshaveaterribletendencytoinflictmaximumpainonthemaximumnumberofinvestors.,Unlikeothersportstheaimofboxingistoinflictbodilyharmonanopponent.,和其他运动不同，拳击的目的就是向对手施以身体上的打击。,市场的一个可怕的趋势就是给最多数的投资者带来最多的痛苦。,Inflictinfliktvt.imposesomethingunpleasant造成；使遭受（损伤、痛苦等）；给予（打击等)inflicton,Wereseeingalotofcompetitionforresources,whichisinevitableinperiodsofscarcity.,Ourbrainshaveanaturaltendencytodesireeatingbeyondneed,tostoreincaseofscarcityandfamine.,我们大脑的自然倾向就是进食和储存能量来防备食物短缺和饥荒。,我们看到了许多对资源的竞争。在资源匮乏时期，这种竞争是不可避免的。,scarcityskstin.asmallandinadequateamount1.缺乏，不足2.稀少，罕见，难得shortage,deficiency,Adverseenvironmentalconditionssuchasdryair,smog,smokeandwindcanaggravatethecondition.,Hisbossyattitudeaggravatedme.,他的跋扈态度惹恼了我。,恶劣的环境例如干燥的空气，烟雾，烟和风等会加重症状。,aggravaterveitv.1.makeworse加重；使恶化2.irritate激怒,exterminationik,st:mineinn.消灭，扑灭，灭绝，铲除，根除，消除pleteannihilation2.theactofexterminatingextinction,eradication,Exterminationofspecieswouldbethemostthreateningchange,theclimatescientistsaid,asoneecologicalcollapseledtoanother.,Evenwiththecoldwarnowover,thespreadofnuclearorthetheftofunclearmaterialscouldleadtoexterminationonanycityoftheplanet.,虽然冷战结束了，但核武器的蔓延或者核材料的失窃都可能导致这座星球上任何一座城市的覆灭。,气候科学家称,因生态系统的崩溃彼此相连,物种绝种会是最大的威胁。,mitigationmitieinn.缓解，减轻，平静peace,relaxationtoactinsuchawayastocauseanoffensetoseemlessserious2.anattempttorepresentanoffenseaslessseriousthanitappearsbyshowingmitigatingcircumstances3.theactionoflesseninginseverityorintensity,Mitigation,oremissionsreduction,willbeattheheartofthedeal.,TheobjectiveofthestudyistoenhancethecompetitivenessofHongKongasaninternationalfinancialcentreintermsofriskmitigation,increasedefficiencyandcostreduction.,研究的目标是要增强香港作为国际金融中心的竞争力，以求减少风险、提升效率、减低成本。,减少排放将是要要讨论的中心议题。,infrastructureinfr,strktn.基础设施；公共建设；下部构造thebasicstructureorfeaturesofasystemororganization2.thestockofbasicfacilitiesandcapitalequipmentneededforthefunctioningofacountryorarea,Tostimulategrowth,thegovernmentcouldincreaseinvestmentininfrastructure.,Weregoingtoworkwithpartnerstodevelopandproducebatteries,infrastructure,aswellasgovernmentpolicytospeedtheacceptanceofelectricvehicles.,我们将与合作伙伴共同开发、制造电池、兴建基础设施，以及利用政府政策来促进电动汽车被大众接受。,为刺激增长，政府可以增加基础设施投资。,improvidentlyimprvidntliadv.无远见地，奢侈地inanimprovidentmanner词汇扩充improvidentimprvidntadj.notprovident;notprovidingforthefuture目光短浅的，无远见的short-sighted2.notgivencarefulconsideration不谨慎的,Theprisonerreleaseorderedinthiscaseisunprecedented,improvident,andcontrarytofederallaw,hesaid.,Nowadays,peoplearegettingincreasinglyimprovidentandalltheywantisjustimmediatepleasure.,目前，人们变得越来越短视了，他们想要的只是眼前的快乐。,他说：“此次释放犯人的指令即无先例，又无远见，也是与联邦法律相违背的。”,incurink:v.招致，引发；蒙受过去式incurred过去分词incurred现在分词incurringmakeoneselfsubjectto;bringupononeself;becomeliabletoincurloss/damages遭受损失incurcosts承担费用incurobligation承担债务,10,Peoplewhosmokeincuragreatdangertotheirhealth.,Needlesstosay,weshallrefundanyexpensesyoumayincur.,不用说，我们将会偿还你所担负的任何费用。,吸烟的人给身心带来了很大的危险。,Exercises,ReadingComprehensionVocabularyClozeTranslationWriting,a.Choosethesentencethatbestexpressesthemeaningofthestatementfromthetext.,ReadingComprehension,1.B2.B.3.A4.C5.B,a.Fillintheblankswithcorrectformofthewordsorphrasesyouhavelearnedinthetext.,Vocabulary,adverse(2)stark(3)inflict(4)systematicallytriggered(6)improvident(7)incurred(8)alternative(9)lostouton(10)settledon,b.Choosethewordorphrasethatisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedone.,Vocabulary,B(2)C(3)A(4)D(5)B(6)C(7)A(8)D(9)C(10)D,Chooseanappropriatewordorphrasefromthefollowinglisttofillineachoffollowingblanks.EachwordcanbeusedonlyONCE.Changetheformwherenecessary.,Cloze,embraced(2)spedup(3)runningout(4)urgency(5)Initiative(6)specific(7)designated(8)contribute(9)incorporate(10)hampering(11)reward(12)involved(13)adverse(14)adaptive(15)vulnerability(16)alternative(17)context(18)dueto(19)compensation(20)scheduled,a.ChinesetoEnglishsentences,1.Bendingundertheweightofthepacks,sweating,theyclimbedsteadilyinthepineforestthatcoveredthemountainside.,3.InFrance,unemploymentratesoarsduringthesecondquarter,andtheMinisterofTreasurysaidthesituationwillcontinuetoaggravateevenifaglobaleconomicrecoverygatherspace/accelerates.ItwastheworstquarterlyunemploymentinFrancesinceearly2006.,2.Whenbored,wetendtoconcentrateontimepassing/elapse,whichwilltriggersuchbrainactivitythatitseemasthoughtheclockistickingmoreslowly.,4.Associalpracticecontinuestodevelop,weshouldkeeprenewingourideasandmakeinnovationscourageouslyinlightofpracticalneeds.Socialpracticecontinuestodevelop,soshouldourmind.Weshouldinnovatecourageouslyinlightofpracticalneeds.,a.ChinesetoEnglishsentences,5.Bicyclesareregardedasaneconomicalalternativetobuseswhosefareshaveincreased3times(tripled)inthepastfewyears.,7.Inordertobearecognized/fullydeservedleaderintheindustry,itsessentialforacompanytoimproveproductionqualityandtaptheoverseasmarketthroughthehelpofstate-of-the-arttechnologiesandequipment.,6.TheU.S.governmenthascalledonpeopletosavewaterbecausethescarcityofwaterhasbecomeasourceofglobaltensionecologically,economicallyandpolitically.,8.IfyouarethinkingaboutcomingtoBritainforChristmas,itmightbeagoodideatothinkagain.ThatsbecausethousandsofChristmastravelershavebeenstranded/trappedintheU.K.asadversewhetherconditionscausedmassivedisruptiontothetransportinfrastructure.,a.ChinesetoEnglishparagraphs,Scientistssaythewarmingofplanetwillbegradual,butthatextremeweathereventswillincreaseinfrequencyandintensity.Theysaytheeffectsofmorestorms,floods,droughtsandheatwaveswillbeabruptandprofound.TheWorldHealthOrganizationsaystheeffectofso-calledclimatesensitivediseasesalreadyarekillingmillionsofpeople.Climatechangeisaglobalphenomenon.Whilenocountrywillbeexempt,shesaysitsconsequencewillnotbeevenlydistributed.TheWHOchiefsayspoorcountriesthatarealreadystrugglingwithhugeproblemswillbemostaffected.Fragilehealthsystemsinthedevelopingworldwillcomeunderincreasedstress.Theywillhavegreatdifficultycopingwiththeincreasedburdenofdiseaseandotherh