中西方社交礼仪的差异与融合(毕业论文-英文版).doc

中西方社交礼仪的差异与融合（毕业论文 英文版） 中西方社交礼仪的差异与融合 摘 要 礼仪文化是个较为广泛笼统的概念，它几乎涉及到社会生活的各个方面，为实现社会和谐起到了巨大作用。随着西方文化的涌入，中国传统礼仪也不断受到西方礼仪文化的影响。因此，本文着重从日常表达、餐饮礼仪、婚俗礼仪、商务礼仪等方面介绍中西方社交礼仪的差异，并且分析了中西礼仪差异的影响因素。基于前人的经验，本文提出提高社交礼仪的策略。通过提高社交礼仪，我们能够有效的同西方人进行交流。本文还探讨了中西方社交礼仪的的有效融合，帮助人们避免因各自文化的相互冲击而引起的误解，进而实现有效的跨文化交流。 关键词：社交礼仪 文化差异 跨文化交际 融合 Cultural Differences and Fusion in Chinese and Western Social Etiquettes Abstract Etiquette culture is a relatively general concept. It almost permeates all aspects of social life and plays an important role to realize the harmony in society. With the influx of western culture, Chinese traditional etiquette is influenced by western etiquette culture unceasingly. Therefore, the thesis aims to find out the differences of Chinese and western etiquette on the aspect of daily expression, dining, wedding, and business, and then to analyze the main factors which influence the differences. Based on the predecessors experience, the thesis throws out strategies of social etiquettes so that we can communicate effectively with westerners through improving our social etiquettes. The thesis also explore the reasonable fusion between Chinese and western etiquettes with the purpose of helping people avoid misunderstandings which are caused by their respective cultural collision and realizing valid cross-cultural communication.Key word: social etiquette cultural difference cross-cultural communication fusion IntroductionNowadays, social etiquette plays an important role for people and nations in showing respects to each other in international relationship. The etiquette can be said to be a persons external appearance of inward cultivation and quality. Since different countries have different historical and cultural backgrounds, with the constant development of Chinese and western culture, Chinese and western etiquette is mutually fusing. The westerners gradually accept oriental culture, and Chinese also accept advanced western civilization and communicative mode. A lot of people realize the Chinese and western social etiquette will surely penetrate each other and continuously develop. The paper explores the differences of Chinese etiquette and the Western etiquette, and then states the fusion of two kinds of etiquette. In chapter one, the paper mainly introduces the concept, origin and value of Chinese and western etiquette. In chapter two, the paper mainly states the difference between Chinese and western etiquette, which includes of daily expression in communication, dining etiquette, wedding etiquette and business etiquette. In this chapter, we can learn about many aspects of etiquette and avoid misunderstanding in international communication. In chapter three, the paper explains several factors that influence the difference between Chinese and western etiquette, which includes thinking modes, outlook on life, religion and concept of hierarchy. In this chapter, we will learn about some special culture which has important function to etiquette. In chapter four, the paper mainly explores some manifestation of fusion in Chinese and western etiquette. In modern society, it seems that the world is getting smaller and smaller, people are very active with frequent exchanges. Many countries are paying great attention to combining international etiquette creatively. Etiquette is common wealth of Chinese civilization and the western civilization.Correctly grasping interpersonal dimension and relationship with others is the important guarantee of maintaining social harmony. Social etiquette not only is the necessity of quality-oriented education, but also is the strong requirement of social civilization progress. Social etiquette itself is a kind of special language, which helps people successfully open the door for communication activity and establish harmonious interpersonal relationship. Any social communication activities are inseparable from the etiquette. The more progressive human beings are, the more socialized the life is, and the more necessary that people need etiquette to adjust social life. Etiquette is the premise of interpersonal communication, and is the key of communicative life. Knowing the differences of international etiquette can help people grasp communication skills and accumulate the exchange experience. People both in China and in the West should respect each other with honesty and sincerity, and then people will know and understand more each other, and then people can establish sincere and deep relationship. Chapter 1 Overview of Etiquette 1.1 Concept of EtiquetteEtiquette refers to a code of conduct or normative summation that is formed by the factors of historical tradition, customs, religious belief, trend of the time and so on. It is identified and followed by people due to establish harmonious relations and all sorts of conformity with etiquette spirit and requirements 1.To the individual, etiquette is the external performance of a persons thoughts level, culture and communication ability. To the people, etiquette is the crystallization of the human civilization and an important part of modern civilization. It embodies the respect both to others and to us. This respect is always combined with peoples life style organically, naturally and harmoniously and then to be peoples daily life and work behavior. These behavior standards contain personal civilization accomplishment, and also show out a peoples moral.1.2 Origin of Chinese and Western EtiquetteIn China, there are many statements about the origin of etiquette. Theoretically, the appearance of etiquette is to coordinate the subjective and objective need for people. Firstly, human must struggle with nature in order to survive and develop. They have to live in a social form of interdependence and restrict each other mutually. In group life, a distinction should be made between males and females, and ages have difference. It is not only a kind of natural ethical order, but a social order needs all members to guarantee and maintain. Human must know how to deal with the internal relationship very well. So people accumulate and make a series of rules gradually and this is the original etiquette. Secondly, etiquette is originated from the necessary balance of meeting desire and condition for realizing the desire. In order to avoid contradiction and conflict when people realize their desire, they need to institute etiquette to limited desire.On the aspect of specific ceremony, etiquette is originated from ritual activities of religion. The content of original ritual activities is mainly to sacrifice to heaven and pray to the gods. These ritual activities developed gradually and became sacrifice etiquette. With the development of society, people know more about all kinds of relationship between nature and society, only sacrifice to heaven and pray to the gods cannot meet the needs of the realistic complex relationship. So people extend a series of blessing activities including content and form to all kinds of interpersonal activity which is from initial sacrificial ceremony to every field of various social etiquettes.In the west, the word “etiquette” came from French and means court passes. In ancient France, the judge will give a passport with discipline to everyone who enters into the court so as to guarantee the court order. After that, the word “Etiquette” blended in English and developed into the meaning of etiquette which became the rules and norms followed by people in communication.Western etiquette sprouts from the medieval Greece in the earliest time. In the beginning, etiquette developed to palace rules, and then rapidly spread in America. These western daily rules and norms were rationalized and standardized, and then became a system of etiquette. The system was accepted gradually by international community and became etiquette followed jointly by western countries. Chapter2 Differences Between Chinese and Western EtiquetteDifferent