柯林斯词典版-人教版高中英语选修7U2词汇表.doc

M7 Unit21、household /hashld/.adj. 家庭的；家用的 n.一家人；家庭1. N-COUNT A household is all the people in a family or group who live together in a house. 家庭; 同住一所房子的人例： .growing up in a male-only household. 在全体成员均为男性的家庭里长大。2. N-SING The household is your home and everything that is connected with taking care of it. 家务例： .household chores. 家务活。3. ADJ Someone or something that is a household name or word is very well known. 家喻户晓的ADJ n例： Today, fashion designers are household names. 如今，服装设计师们家喻户晓。2、 fiction /fkn/ n. 小说；虚构或想象出来的事1. N-UNCOUNT Fiction refers to books and stories about imaginary people and events, rather than books about real people or events. 小说例： Immigrant tales have always been popular themes in fiction. 移民故事一直是小说的流行主题。2. see also science fiction3. N-UNCOUNT A statement or account that is fiction is not true. 虚构例： The truth or fiction of this story has never been truly determined. 这个故事是真实还是虚构，一直没有定论。4. N-COUNT If something is a fiction, it is not true, although people sometimes pretend that it is true. 假象例： Total recycling is a fiction. 完全回收利用是假象。3、desire /dza/ n. 渴望；欲望；渴求 vt.希望得到；想要1. N-COUNT A desire is a strong wish to do or have something. 愿望例： I had a strong desire to help and care for people. 我有一股强烈的帮助和关心别人的愿望。2. V-T If you desire something, you want it. 想要正式no cont例： She had remarried and desired a child with her new husband. 她再婚了，想跟新任丈夫生一个孩子。3. desired ADJ想要的; 渴望的ADJ n例： You may find that just threatening this course of action will produce the desired effect. 你会发现仅仅是威胁要采取这个行动就能产生想要的效果。4. N-UNCOUNT Desire for someone is a strong feeling of wanting to have sex with them. 性欲例： Its common to lose your sexual desire when you have your first child. 有了第一个孩子后，丧失性欲是常见的事。4、Isaac Asimov 艾萨克?阿西莫夫5、satisfaction /stsfkn/ n. 满意；满足；令人满意的事物 1. N-UNCOUNT Satisfaction is the pleasure that you feel when you do something or get something that you wanted or needed to do or get. 满意例： She felt a small glow of satisfaction. 她感到了一丝满足的喜悦。例： Both sides expressed satisfaction with the progress so far. 双方都对目前的进展表示满意。2. N-UNCOUNT If you get satisfaction from someone, you get money or an apology from them because you have been treated badly. 赔偿; 补偿例： If you cant get any satisfaction, complain to the park owner. 如果你得不到任何赔偿，就向公园的所有者投诉。3. PHRASE If you do something to someones satisfaction, they are happy with the way that you have done it. 令某人满意例： She never could seem to do anything right or to his satisfaction. 她似乎从来不会做任何正确或令他满意的事情。6、Larry Belmont 拉里?贝尔蒙特7、test out 试验；考验1、With these rules encoded into the JET templates, you are pretty much done, and you can now test out the transformation.随着这些规则被编码到JET模版中，您已经很好的完成了这些工作，现在您可以测试这些转换了。2、Rather than trying to figure it all out on paper or in your head, get out into the real world and test out 还在尝试在脑中或者纸上找出你的想法？ 请回到现实的世界来，考验你并不成熟的想法。3. An up-or-out strategy was how I described it to my wife, one last shot to test out my ideas before I settled into a calmer, more stable, and better-paying existence.我向老婆提出了这条“不进则退”的方针，在我安定于一个更平和的、更安稳的、更高收入的生活状态之前，我给自己最后一次机会来考验我的理念。8、Claire n. 克莱尔（女名）9、bonus/bns/ n. 额外津贴；奖金；红利1. N-COUNT A bonus is an extra amount of money that is added to someones pay, usually because they have worked very hard. 奖金例： Workers in big firms receive a substantial part of their pay in the form of bonuses and overtime. 大公司的工人，工资很大一部分是奖金和加班费。例： .a $60 bonus. 一笔$60的奖金。2. N-COUNT A bonus is something good that you get in addition to something else, and which you would not usually expect. 额外收获例： We felt we might finish third. Any better would be a bonus. 我们觉得我们可能得第三名。任何更好的结果都是意外收获。10、alarm/lm/ vt. 使警觉；使惊恐；惊动 n.警报；惊恐1. N-UNCOUNT Alarm is a feeling of fear or anxiety that something unpleasant or dangerous might happen. 惊恐例： The news was greeted with alarm by senators. 参议员们听到这个消息后很惊恐。2. V-T If something alarms you, it makes you afraid or anxious that something unpleasant or dangerous might happen. 使惊恐例： We could not see what had alarmed him. 我们不明白是什么吓着他了。3. N-COUNT An alarm is an automatic device that warns you of danger, for example, by ringing a bell. 警报器例： He heard the alarm go off. 他听见警报器响了。4. N-COUNT An alarm is the same as an . 闹钟例： Dad set the alarm for eight the next day. 爸爸把闹钟设到了第2天8点。5. see also alarmed, alarming, car alarm, false alarm, fire alarm6. PHRASE If you say that something sets alarm bells ringing, you mean that it makes people feel worried or concerned about something. 危险信号例： This has set the alarm bells ringing in Moscow. 这已给莫斯科拉响了警报。7. PHRASE If you raise the alarm or sound the alarm, you warn people of danger. 发出警报例： His family raised the alarm when he had not come home by 9 p.m. 当他到晚上9点还没回家时，他的家人报了警。11、alarmed /lmd/ adj. 担心的；害怕的ADJ If someone is alarmed, they feel afraid or anxious that something unpleasant or dangerous might happen. 恐慌的例： They should not be too alarmed by the press reports. 他们不应该被媒体报道搞得过于恐慌。12、apron /eprn/ n.围裙N-COUNT An apron is a piece of clothing that you put on over the front of your normal clothes and tie around your waist, especially when you are cooking, in order to prevent your clothes from getting dirty. 围裙13、sympathy /smp/ n. 同情（心）1. N-UNCOUNT If you have sympathy for someone who is in a bad situation, you are sorry for them, and show this in the way you behave toward them. 同情also N in pl例： We expressed our sympathy for her loss. 我们对她的损失表示了同情。例： I have had very little help from doctors and no sympathy whatsoever. 我从医生那儿得到的帮助极少，而且没得到任何同情。2. N-UNCOUNT If you have sympathy with someones ideas or opinions, you agree with them. 赞同also N in pl, oft N with/for n例： I have some sympathy with this point of view. 我对这一观点有些赞同。例： Lithuania still commands considerable international sympathy for its cause. 立陶宛仍得到相当多对其事业的国际支持。3. N-UNCOUNT If you take some action in sympathy with someone else, you do it in order to show that you support them. 支持例： Several hundred workers struck in sympathy with their colleagues. 几百名工人举行罢工以示对其工友们的支持。 14、overweight /vwet/ adj. 超重的；体重超常的ADJ Someone who is overweight weighs more than is considered healthy or attractive. 超重的例： Being even moderately overweight increases your risk of developing high blood pressure. 即便只是稍微超重也会增加你患上高血压的风险。 15、elegant /lnt/ adj. 优雅的；高雅的；讲究的1. ADJ If you describe a person or thing as elegant, you mean that they are pleasing and graceful in appearance or style. 优雅的例： Patricia looked beautiful and elegant as always. 帕特丽夏看上去跟往常一样美丽优雅。2. elegance N-UNCOUNT优雅例： The furniture managed to combine practicality with elegance. 这家具结合了实用与优雅。3. ADJ If you describe a piece of writing, an idea, or a plan as elegant, you mean that it is simple, clear, and clever. 精妙的例： The document impressed me with its elegant simplicity. 这份文件以其精妙的简约给我留下了深刻的印象。4. elegantly ADV精妙地例： .an elegantly simple idea. 一个精妙地简单的主意。16、Gladys Claffern 格拉迪斯?克拉芬17、favour /fev/ n. 喜爱；恩惠 vt.喜爱；偏袒 1. N-UNCOUNT If you regard something or someone with favour, you like or support them. 喜爱; 支持例： It remains to be seen if the show will find favour with an audience. 这场演出是否将获得观众喜爱还要拭目以待。例： No one would look with favour on the continuing military rule. 没有人会支持继续的军事统治。2. N-COUNT If you do someone a favour, you do something for them even though you do not have to. 恩惠例： Ive come to ask you to do me a favour. 我是来请你帮我一个忙的。3. V-T If you favour something, you prefer it to the other choices available. 更喜欢例： The French say they favour a transition to democracy. 法国人说他们更喜欢向民主的过渡。4. V-T If you favour someone, you treat them better or in a kinder way than you treat other people. 偏袒例： The company has no rules about favouring U.S. citizens during layoffs. 该公司没有在裁员期间偏袒美国公民的规定。5. PHRASE If you are in favour of something, you support it and think that it is a good thing. 支持例： I wouldnt be in favour of income tax cuts. 我不会支持削减所得税。例： Yet this is a Government which proclaims that it is all in favour of openness. 然而这是一个宣称全力支持开放的政府。6. PHRASE If someone makes a judgment in your favour, they say that you are right about something. 认为正确例： The Supreme Court ruled in Fitzgeralds favour. 最高法院判定菲茨杰拉德胜诉。7. PHRASE If something is in your favour, it helps you or gives you an advantage. 有助于; 有利于例： The protection that farmers have enjoyed amounts to a bias in favour of the countryside. 农民们享受到的保护几乎就是对农村有利的一种偏袒。8. PHRASE If one thing is rejected in favour of another, the second thing is done or chosen instead of the first. (两物相比之下) 宁愿选择例： The policy was rejected in favour of a more cautious approach. 这一政策未被采纳，而是选择了一个更谨慎的方法。9. PHRASE If someone or something is in favour, people like or support them. If they are out of favour, people no longer like or support them. 得宠/失宠; 得到/失去的支持例： Governments and party leaders can only hope to remain in favour with the public for so long. 政府和政党领导人们只能希望一直得到公众的支持。18、pile /pal/ n. 堆；摞；叠vi.堆起；堆积 vt.把堆起；积聚1. N-COUNT A pile of things is a mass of them that is high in the middle and has sloping sides. 堆例： .a pile of sand. 一堆沙子。例： .a little pile of crumbs. 一小堆面包屑。2. N-COUNT A pile of things is a quantity of things that have been put neatly somewhere so that each thing is on top of the one below. 叠例： .a pile of boxes. 一叠盒子。例： We sat in Sams study, among the piles of books. 我们坐在萨姆的书房里，在一叠叠的书中间。3. V-T If you pile things somewhere, you put them there so that they form a pile. 堆放例： He was piling clothes into the suitcase. 他正把衣服叠放到手提箱中去。4. V-T If something is piled with things, it is covered or filled with piles of things. 堆满usu passive例： Tables were piled high with local produce. 桌子上高高地堆满了土特产。5. V-I If a group of people pile into or out of a vehicle, they all get into it or out of it in a disorganized way. 涌入/出例： They all piled into Jerrys car. 他们都挤进了杰里的车里。6. N-COUNT Piles are wooden, concrete, or metal posts that are pushed into the ground and on which buildings or bridges are built. Piles are often used in very wet areas so that the buildings do not flood. 地桩例： .settlements of wooden houses, set on piles along the shore. 沿岸而建的吊脚木屋居民区。7. Vto drive (piles) into the ground 将(地桩)打进地里8. N-PLURAL Piles is an informal word meaning haemorrhoids. 痔疮9. N-SING The pile of a carpet or of a fabric such as velvet is its soft surface. It consists of a lot of little threads standing on end. 绒面例： .the carpets thick pile. 地毯厚厚的绒面。10. PHRASE Someone who is at the bottom of the pile is low down in society or low down in an organization. Someone who is at the top of the pile is high up in society or high up in an organization. 处于.的下层或上层非正式例： These workers are fed up with being at the bottom of the pile when it comes to pay. 这些工人受够了收入水平处于底层的苦恼。19、scan /skn/ vt. 细看；仔细检查；粗略地看；浏览，扫描；1. V-T/V-I When you scan written material, you look through it quickly in order to find important or interesting information. 浏览例： She scanned the advertisement pages of the newspapers. 她浏览了报纸的广告页。2. N-SING Scan is also a noun. 浏览例： I just had a quick scan through your book again. 我刚刚把你的书又作了一次浏览。3. V-T/V-I When you scan a place or group of people, you look at it carefully, usually because you are looking for something or someone. 仔细察看no passive例： The officer scanned the room. 警察仔细察看了那个房间。例： She was nervous and kept scanning the crowd for Paul. 她很紧张，一直在人群中寻找保罗。4. V-T If people scan something such as luggage, they examine it using a machine that can show or find things inside it that cannot be seen from the outside. (用机器) 扫描 (行李等)例： Their approach is to scan every checked-in bag with a bomb detector. 他们的做法是用炸弹探测器扫描每一个办理了登机手续的箱包。5. V-T If a computer disk is scanned, a program on the computer checks the disk to make sure that it does not contain a virus. 扫描 (计算机磁盘以查病毒)计算机例： Not all ISPs are equipped to scan for viruses. 并非所有的因特网服务供应商都有装备来扫描病毒。6. V-T If a picture or document is scanned into a computer, a machine passes a beam of light over it to make a copy of it in the computer. 扫描 (图片或文件)计算机usu passive例： The entire paper contents of all libraries will eventually be scanned into computers. 所有图书馆的全部纸质内容最终都会被扫描进电脑。7. V-T If a radar or sonar machine scans an area, it examines or searches it by sending radar or sonar beams over it. (用雷达或声纳波束) 扫描例： The ships radar scanned the sea ahead. 船上的雷达扫描了前方海域。8. N-COUNT A scan is a medical test in which a machine sends a beam of X-rays over a part of your body in order to check that it is healthy. (身体) 扫描检查例： A brain scan revealed the blood clot. 脑部扫描检查发现了那个血块。20、fingernail /fnel/ n. 手指甲N-COUNT Your fingernails are the thin hard areas at the end of each of your fingers. 手指甲21、absurd /bsd, -zd/ adj. 荒谬的；可笑的1. ADJ If you say that something is absurd, you are criticizing it because you think that it is ridiculous or that it does not make sense. 荒谬的表不满例： Thats absurd. 那是荒谬的。例： Its absurd to suggest that they knew what was going on but did nothing. 暗示说他们知道怎么回事但却袖手旁观是荒谬的。2. N-SING The absurd is something that is absurd. 荒谬之事正式the N例： Connie had a sharp eye for the absurd. 康妮对荒谬之事有敏锐的眼光。3. absurdlyADV荒谬地例： Prices were still absurdly low, in his opinion. 在他看来，价格依然低得荒谬。22、haircut /hkt/ n. 发型；理发1. N-COUNT If you get a haircut, someone cuts your hair for you. 理发例： Your hair is all right; its just that you need a haircut. 你的头发没问题，只是你需要理个发。2. N-COUNT A haircut is the style in which your hair has been cut. 发型例： Whos that guy with the funny haircut? 那个发型古怪的家伙是谁？23、makeup /mekp/ n. 化妆品1. N-UNCOUNT Makeup consists of things such as lipstick, eye shadow, and powder which some women put on their faces to make themselves look more attractive or which actors use to change or improve their appearance. 化妆品例： Normally she wore little makeup, but this evening was clearly an exception. 通常她很少化妆，可今晚显然是个例外。2. N-UNCOUNT Someones makeup is their nature and the various qualities in their character. 性格例： There was some fatal flaw in his makeup, and as time went on he lapsed into long silences or became off-hand. 他性格中有某种致命的缺陷，随着时间的推移，他要么陷入长时间沉默要么行为随便。3. N-UNCOUNT The makeup of something consists of its different parts and the way these parts are arranged. 构造; 组成例： The ideological makeup of the unions is now radically different from what it had been. 这些协会的意识形态构成如今与过去大相径庭。24、accompany /kmpn/ vt. 陪伴；伴奏1. V-T If you accompany someone, you go somewhere with them. 陪伴正式例： Ken agreed to accompany me on a trip to Africa. 肯同意陪我去非洲旅行。例： She was accompanied by her younger brother. 她由她的弟弟陪着。2. V-T If one thing accompanies another, it happens or exists at the same time, or as a result of it. 与相伴正式例： This volume of essays was designed to accompany an exhibition in Seattle. 这部论文集是为配合西雅图的展览设计的。3. V-T If you accompany a singer or a musician, you play one part of a piece of music while they sing or play the main tune. 为伴奏例： On Merediths new recording, Eddie Higgins accompanies her on all but one song. 在梅瑞迪斯的新唱片中，艾迪希金斯为她伴奏了除一首歌以外的所有歌曲。25、cushion /kn/ n. （坐、跪时用的）软垫；靠垫； 垫子1. N-COUNT A cushion is a fabric case filled with soft material, which you put on a seat to make it more comfortable. 坐垫例： .a velvet cushion. 一个天鹅绒坐垫。2. N-COUNT A cushion is a soft pad or barrier, especially one that protects something. 软垫例： The company provides a styrofoam cushion to protect the tablets during shipping. 该公司提供一种聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料垫层用来在装运时保护牌匾。3. N-COUNT Something that is a cushion against something unpleasant reduces its effect. 缓解物例： Welfare provides a cushion against hardship. 福利给困苦提供了一个缓解。4. V-T Something that cushions an object when it hits something protects it by reducing the force of the impact. 缓冲例： There is also a new steering wheel with an energy-absorbing rim to cushion the drivers head in the worst impacts. 还有新式方向盘，其边缘具有减震功能在最严重的冲击中缓冲保护司机的头部。5. V-T To cushion the effect of something unpleasant means to reduce it. 缓解例： They said Western aid was needed to cushion the blows of vital reform. 他们说需要西方国家的援助以缓解重大变革的冲击。26、bedding /bd/ n. 寝具；铺盖N-UNCOUNT Bedding is sheets, blankets, and covers that are used on beds. 床上用品例： .a crib with two full sets of bedding. 有两整套床单被褥的婴儿床。27、necklace /nkls/ n. 项链N-COUNT A necklace is a piece of jewellery such as a chain or a string of beads which someone, usually a woman, wears around their neck. 项链例： .a diamond necklace and matching earrings. 一条钻石项链和与之相配的耳环。28、clerk /klk/ n. 售货员；职员；旅馆接待员1. N-COUNT A clerk is a person who works in an office, bank, or law court and whose job is to keep the records or accounts. 文书; (法庭) 书记员例： She was offered a job as a clerk with a travel agency. 她找到了在一家旅行社做文书的工作。2. N-COUNT In a hotel, office, or hospital, a clerk is the person whose job is to answer the telephone and deal with people when they arrive. 接待员美国英语例： .a hotel clerk. 一名宾馆接待员。3. N-COUNT A clerk is someone who sells things to customers in a shop. 售货员美国英语例： Now Thomas was working as a clerk in a shop that sold leather goods. 现在托马斯在一家卖皮革品的店里做售货员。4. V-I To clerk means to work as a clerk. 做文书工作美国英语例： Gene clerked at the auction. 吉恩在拍卖行做文书工作。29、counter /kant/ n. 柜台；计数器1. N-COUNT In a place such as a shop or caf, a counter is a long narrow table or flat surface at which customers are served. 柜台例： .those guys we see working behind the counter at our local video rental shop. 我们所见在本地音像出租商店柜台后工作的那些家伙。2. N-COUNT A counter is a mechanical or electronic device which keeps a count of something and displays the total. 计数器例： The new answering machine has a call counter. 这种新型的电话答录机有一个通话计数器。3. N-COUNT A count