高一英语U4词句、词组讲解.ppt

Unit4UnforgettableExperiences,LanguagePoints,LanguagePointsofWarmingup,1.takeplace,v.(按计划)发生无被动态,happen,偶然性,突发性事件的发生,补充2.becaughtin,陷入,遭遇,sb.becaughtin+陷阱/自然灾害类名词,翻译：昨天他遭遇了场大雨,然后感冒了。,eg:Hewascaughtintherainyesterdayandhadacold.,happentodo,碰巧做某事,3.promise,v.答应,允诺,有希望n.诺言,promising,adj.有前途的,有希望的,词组：,promise(sb.)mise(sb.)todopromisethat-clause,允诺某人某物,答应某人做某事,词组：许下诺言信守诺言履行诺言违背诺言,食言,makeapromise,keepapromise,carryoutapromise,breakapromise,4.beonfire,着火表状态,拓展：,catchfireputoutthefiresetfiretosth./setsth.onfiremake/startafirelightfire,着火表动作,灭火表动作,主语是人,纵火,生火,点火,eg:Dontputthechairtooclosetothestove.Drywood_fireeasily,youknow.A.lightsB.burnsC.makesD.catches,LanguagePointsofReading,1.hear/seesb.doinghear/seesb.do,听到/看到某人正在做(表动作正在进行),听到/看到某人做(表动作的全过程),结构：,感官v.+sb.+do(表示动作的全过程)变被动,宾语,省略了to的不定式作宾补,sb.beheard/seentodo,不定式符号to还原,感官v.+sb.+doing(表示动作正在进行)变被动,sb.beheard/seendoing,eg:-WherehasTomgone?-Hewasseen_footballontheplaygroundafewminutesago.A.playingB.playC.toplayD.played,2.lookaround,环顾四周,拓展：,lookafterlookbacklookdownuponlookforlookforwardtolookintolookoutlookoverlookthroughlookuplookupto,照顾回顾轻视,看不起寻找盼望调查当心审视浏览查询(字典)尊敬,eg:Itisreportedthatthepolicewillsoon_thecaseoftwomissingchildren.A.lookuponB.lookafterC.lookintoD.lookouteg:Wouldyouplease_thepaperformeandseeifthereareanyobviousmistakes?A.lookaroundB.lookintoC.lookupD.lookthrough,3.before,(1)conj.在.之前;之后.才.;不等.就.,常用句型:Itwillbe+一段时间+before+句子(do)Itwontbe+一段时间+before+句子(do)Itwasnt+一段时间+before+句子(did),.(之后)才.,.(不久)就.,eg:Itwillbefiveyearsbeforewemeetagain.,我们要等五年之后才能再见面。,eg:Itwasntlongbeforehereturnedfromabroad.,不久他就从国外回来了。,(2)prep.在.前面,eg:Iwillbebackbeforedark.,(3)adv.以前放句末,eg:Ihaveneverbeentherebefore.,词组：,longbefore,很久以前,eg:-Whydidntyoutellaboutthemeeting?-Herushedoutoftheroom_Icouldsayaword.A.beforeB.untilC.whenD.aftereg:Imsorryyouvebeenwaitingsolong,butitllstillbesometime_Briangetsback.A.sinceB.tillC.beforeD.since,4.advance,v./n.前进,进展,词组:advanceon/upon/towardsinadvance,事先,提前,拓展：advanced,先进的,高级的,朝.前进,eg:_isknowntoall,Chinawillbean_andpowerfulcountryin20or30yearstime.A.That;advancingB.This;advancedC.As;advancedD.It;advancing,5.noise,sound作“声音”，“响声”讲时，可以指人或动物发出的声音，或物体碰撞的声言。这个词的使用范围很大。大自然的任何“声音”都可以用sound。noise意为“噪音”、“喧闹声”，常指不悦耳、不和谐的嘈杂声。,eg.Atmidnightheheardastrangesound.eg.Lighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.光的传播速度比声音快得多。,eg.Dontmakeanynoise.,辨析:noise/voice/sound,voice用于人时，指说话、歌唱或发笑的声音，也可指发言权。用于其它方面时，常含悦耳之声，如鸟鸣声，乐器声音等。(sound和noise不仅能指人的声音，还可以表示别的动物发出的声音;而voice除了有时可指鸟的声音外，很少表示其它动物的声音。),E.g.Thegirlhasabeautifulvoice.E.g.Theyaretalkinginlowvoices.,6.drag,v.拖,拽,辨析:drag/pull/push,drag指拖笨重的,阻力很大的东西,慢慢地,使劲地拖;,pull是普通用语,指用力,但不强调力的大小,与push相对。,7.holdon,vi.抓住.不放;坚持;别挂断,拓展:holdontosth.holdbackholdoutholdoff,抓住.不放,阻止,踌躇,犹豫,伸出,延迟,战胜,克服,eg:-IsPeterthere?-_,please.IllseeifIcanfindhimforyou.A.HoldupB.HoldonC.HoldoutD.Holdoffeg:Wethoughtofsellingthisoldfurniture,butwevedecidedto_it.Itmightbevaluable.A.holdontoB.keepupwithC.turntoD.lookafter,8.struggle,v./n.挣扎,奋斗,词组:strugglewith/against.strugglefor.,同.做斗争,为.而奋斗,eg:Theworkingpeoplehaveneverstoppedtheirstruggle_unfairtreatment.A.againstB.forC.onD.to,9.fight,v./n.打仗,战斗,斗争,打架,词组:fightfor.fightagainst.fightwith.,为争取.而战,为反对.而战,与.(并肩)战斗;与.战斗=fightagainst,eg:Inhistory,manyfamouswomenfoughtbravely_equalrights_men.A.with;withB.against;withC.for;withD.for;to,10.pullsb.uppullup,把.往上拉,使停止,翻译:他把车停在大门口。,eg:Hepulleduphiscaratthegate.,11.fright,n.惊骇,吃惊,拓展:frightenfrightenedfrightening,v.使.害怕,adj.(某人)感到害怕的,adj.(某人/物)令人害怕的,12.strikev./n.是多义词,(1)罢工beonstrike,(2)用力地击打,突然地一次性地敲击、殴打,eg:Hestruckmewithastick.,(3)专指“敲”钟,eg:Ididntheartheclockstrike.,(4)打动.,eg:Strikewhiletheironishot.趁热打铁,eg:Thespeechstruckdeeplyintothemindsofthechildren.,(5)(灾害等)突然袭击,eg:Abigearthquakestruckthecitylastyear.,辨析:strike/beat/hit,beat指连续不断地拍打,如心跳,雨水的冲击;击败,打败(对手),eg:Lookatthewaves_theshore.eg:Thestone_himonthehead.,hit指强调打中,击中,beating,hit,13.destroy,v.毁坏,破坏,辨析:destroy/damage/ruin,destroy指彻底毁坏,不可修复;也可指希望,计划的破灭=ruindamage指损坏,可以修复;还可作n.“损坏”,另外ruin可以作n.固定搭配:beinruins/fallintoruins成为废墟,翻译:我所有的梦想都破灭了。,eg:Allmyhopesweredestroyed.,14.gothrough,(1)经历,经受(2)仔细检查(3)通过,穿过(4)浏览,翻阅(5)完成,拓展:goovergooffgooutgoupgodowngoinforgoby,检查,复习,离开,出去,熄灭,上涨,攀升,下降,下跌,喜欢,热衷于.,经过,走过,eg:-Didntyouhaveagoodtimeattheparty?-ofcourseIdid.Asamatteroffact,Ihadsuchfunthattimeseemedto_soquickly.A.goawayB.gooutC.gobyD.goovereg:-Doyouthinkthehousingpricewillkeep_intheyearstocome?-Sorry,Ihavenoidea.A.liftingupB.goingupC.bringingupD.growingup,逼近,临近,翻译:圣诞节马上就要来了。,eg:TheChristmasDaywillsoonbeuponus.,补充15.beuponsb.,补充16.referto,(1)指的是(2)谈到,提到(3)参考,查阅,翻译:1.Thescientistreferredtoglobalwarmingatleastthreetimesinhisspeech.2.Ioftenrefertoadictionaryforthespellingofaword.3.Isaidsomep