2005年10月自学考试现代语言学试题.doc

自考网络培训班(/zk/kc/)-精品课程在线免费试听联展自考网(/zk/ks/)-中国最好的自考辅导资料网站全国2005年10月高等教育自学考试现代语言学试题课程代码：00830.Directions:Readeachofthefollowingstatementscarefully.DecidewhichoneofthefourchoicesbestcompletesthestatementandputtheletterA,B,CorDinthebrackets.(2%10=20%)1.Thetone,definedaspitchvariation,isanimportantsuprasegmentalfeatureoftonelanguagessuchas.A.ChineseB.EnglishC.ChineseandEnglishD.EnglishandFrench2.Voicingasaqualityofspeechsoundsiscausedbythevibrationof.A.thevelumB.thevocalcordsC.theglottisD.theuvula3.Thewordsthatcontainonlyonemorphemearecalled.A.boundmorphemesB.affixesC.freemorphemesD.roots4.Syntacticmovementisdictatedbyrulestraditionallycalled.A.phasestructurerulesB.syntacticrulesC.lexicalrulesD.transformationalrules5.Thenamingtheorywasproposedby.A.theGreekscholarPlatoB.C.K.OgdenandI.A.RichardsC.theBritishlinguistJ.FirthD.theAmericanlinguistL.Bloomfield6.Speechacttheorywasfirstproposedby.A.JohnAustinB.JohnSearleC.NoamChomskyD.JohnFirth7.linguisticsreferstothestudyofalanguageorlanguagesatasinglepointintime,withoutreferencetoearlierorlaterstages.A.DiachronicB.SynchronicC.HistoricalD.Comparative8.Differentfunctionalspeechvarietiesknownasareexpectedin,say,achurchsermon,adiplomaticencounter,afamilydinner,orasportsbroadcast.A.registersB.stylesC.dialectsD.accents9.isthestudyoflanguageinrelationtothemind.A.PsycholinguisticsB.SociolinguisticsC.LinguisticsD.Semantics10.Ingeneral,childrensholophrasticsentencesbegin.A.inthelatepartofthefirstyearortheearlypartofthesecondyearB.inthesecondhalfofthesecondyearC.betweentwoandthreeyearsold自考网络培训班(/zk/kc/)-精品课程在线免费试听联展自考网(/zk/ks/)-中国最好的自考辅导资料网站D.betweenfourandfiveyearsold.Directions:Fillintheblankineachofthefollowingstatementswithoneword,thefirstletterofwhichisalreadygivenasaclue.NotethatyouaretofillinONEwordonly,andyouarenotallowedtochangethelettergiven.(1%10=10%)11.Languagecanbedefinedasasystemofarbitraryvsymbolsusedforhumancommunication.12.Tosatisfytheneedsofthephoneticiansinthestudyofspeechsounds,asetofsymbolscalleddareaddedtobroadtranscriptiontoshowthemoresubtledifferencesbetweensimilarsounds.13.Themeaningofacompoundisofteni,notalwaysbeingthesumtotalofthemeaningsofitscomponents.14.Theclauseintowhichanotherclauseisembeddediscalledamclause.15.Componentialanalysisisbasedonthebeliefthatthemeaningofawordcanbedissectedintomeaningcomponents,calledsfeatures.16.Cisregardedasconstitutedbyallkindsofknowledgeassumedtobesharedbythespeakerandthehearer.17.ThemajorphonologicalchangeinthehistoryofEnglishknownastheGreatVowelShiftinvolvessevenlong,ort,vowelsofMiddleEnglish.18.Certainwordsinallsocietiesareconsideredt-theyareforbiddenortobeavoided.19.Itsknownthatspecializedlinguisticandperceptualskillsareeachlocalizedinaparticularhemisphereofthebrain.Thelocalizationofcognitiveandperceptualfunctionsinaparticularhemisphereofthebrainiscalledl.20.Cspeechreferstothesimple,modifiedspeechusedbyparents,baby-sitters,etc.whentheytalktoyoungchildrenwhoareacquiringtheirnativelanguage.Directions:Judgewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueorfalse.PutaTfortrueorFforfalseinthebracketsinfrontofeachstatement.Ifyouthinkastatementisfalse,youmustexplainwhyyouthinksoandgivethecorrectversion.(2%10=20%)21.()AccordingtoChomsky,aspeakercanproduceandunderstandanunlimitednumberofsentencesbecausehepossessesaninternalizedsetofrulesabouthislanguage.22.()Phonologicalrulesarenotlanguagespecific,i.e.onceprovedtobevalid,theycanbeappliedtoalllanguages.23.()UndertheCaseConditionprinciple,whentheMoveruleoperatestochangeasentencefromtheactivevoicetothepassivevoice,itcanmoveanounphrasetoanyCasereceivingposition.24.()Lexicalcategoriesaregenerallyknownaspartsofspeech,andalanguagehasmajorandminorlexicalcategoriesofafiniteset.25.()Agrammaticallywell-formedsentenceisalwayssemanticallywell-formed.26.()Allillocutionaryactsthatbelongtothesamecategorysharethesamepurposeorthesameillocutionarypoint.27.()Borrowingoccurswhenonelanguagetakesawordormorphemefromanother自考网络培训班(/zk/kc/)-精品课程在线免费试听联展自考网(/zk/ks/)-中国最好的自考辅导资料网站languageandaddsittoitslexicon.28.()Itisobviousthatthestandardvarietyoflanguageisthecorrectformoflanguage.29.()Humanlinguisticabilitylargelydependsonthestructureoftheirvocalcords.30.()AccordingtoBehavioristlearningtheory,childrenarebelievedtograduallyassumecorrectformsofthelanguageoftheircommunitywhentheir“bad”speechgetscorrectedandwhentheirgoodspeechgetspositivelyreinforced.Directions:Explainthefollowingterms,usingoneortwoexamplesforillustration.(3%10=30%)31.culturaltransmission(asadefiningfeatureofhumanlanguage)32.rapersonalcommunication40.telegraphicspeech.Answerthefollowingquestions.(10%2=20%)41.Prefixesoccuratthebeginningofaword,andmodifythemeaningofastem,butusuallydonotchangethepartofspeech