EdgarAllanPoe爱伦坡简介.ppt

EdgarAllanPoe爱伦坡(18091849),杜亚芳,Apoet,shortstorywriter,andliterarycritic,Poesmother,EdgarAllanPoe（18091849）埃德加.爱伦.坡,PartI.LifeExperiencePartII.MajorWorksPartIII.LiteraryPositionPartIV.AppreciationPartV.CommentsonPoeThisdaguerreotype（photo）ofPoewastakenin1848whenhewas39,ayearbeforehisdeath,PartI.LifeExperience,Amiserablechildhood:borninBoston,bothparentsdiedwithintwoyearsafterhisbirth,takenintothehomeofJohnAllaninVirginia（弗吉尼亚州）,hadanunhappyrelationshipwithhisfosterfatherAnunhappyyouth:at17wenttotheUniversityofVirginiabutdidnotfinish,anappointmenttoWestPointbutwasdismissed（fired）lessthanayearlater,Astrugglinglife:in1833,becameaneditorofSouthernLiteraryMessengerinRichmond,lostthepositionbecauseofexcessivedrinkingandaninabilitytomeetdeadlines,managedtoregainthejobin1835,at27,marriedhis13year-oldcousin,VirginiaClemm,driftedforseveralyearsaseditorsindifferentmagazinesbutremainedpoorallhislifeAbitterandmysteriousdeath:in1847,wifediedoftuberculosis（肺结核）,in1849,diedinmysteriouscircumstances,PartII.PoesMajorWorks,A:PoetryB:ShortstoriesC:LiterarytheoryD:onefull-lengthnovel:TheNarrativeofArthurGordonPym(1838)亚瑟.戈登.皮姆的故事,A:poetry,1TheRaven(1844)乌鸦2AnnabelLee安娜贝尔丽3TheSleeper睡美人4ADreamWithinaDream梦中梦5Israfel伊斯拉菲尔6TheBells钟7SonnetToScience十四行诗-致科学8ToHelen献给海伦9TheCityintheSea海中的城市,madePoefamousasapoet,symbolofhisdarkdoubtsandfrustratedlonging,“Nevermore”永不再,B:Shortstories,1MS.FoundinaBottle(1833)瓶中手稿2TalesoftheGrotesqueandtheArabesque(1839)荒诞奇异的故事3TheMurdersintheRueMorgue(1841)毛格街血案4TheFalloftheHouseofUsher厄舍古屋的倒塌5TheCaskofAmontillado一桶白葡萄酒6Ligeia丽姬亚7ThePurloinedLetter窃信案8TheManoftheCrowd人群中的人9TheTell-TaleHeart泄密的心10WilliamWilson威廉.威尔逊11BlackCat黑猫12TheImpofthePerverse变态的小鬼13TheGoldBug金甲虫14TheMysteryofMarieRoger玛丽.罗热疑案15TheMasqueoftheRedDeath红色死亡的化妆舞会,厄舍古厦的陷落,C:Literarytheory,ThePoeticPrincipleThePhilosophyofCompositionReviewofTwice-ToldTales评霍桑的,PartIII.Poesliteraryposition,ForerunnerofwesterndecadentliteratureForerunnerofaestheticliteratureExplorerofabnormalpsychologyFatherofpsychoanalyticcriticismPath-breakerofAmericandetectivenovelFatherofmodernshortstory,PartIV.Appreciation,Poetry,Shortstories,Literarytheory,Poestheoryforpoetry,poems,shortbutachievemaximumeffect,produceafeelingofbeautyinthereader,pure“,nottomoralize,Hestressesrhythm,insistsonaneven(规则的)metricalflow,真实能够满足人的理智,感情能够满足人的心灵,而美则能激动人的灵魂,ShortStoryFeatures,GothicelementsGrimsetting*Landscapesareoftenreflectionsofcharactersmind.*Unusualbuildings,extremesofnature,eccentricworksofart*VeryfewofhisstoriestakeplaceinAmerica;mosttakeplaceinEuropeorNever-never-land.deepanalysisofhumanpsychologyprecursor（forerunner）ofdetectivestoriesandsciencestoriesstyle:ordinary,traditional(Traditional,butnoteasytoread)language:mannerismSample:TheFalloftheHouseofUsher,PoesliterarycontributionAestheticismPrincipleofbeautyPrincipleofunityandconcentration；shortCarefulchoiceofdictionfordesiredeffect(themusicaleffectofwordsthemselves)Negligence（oversight）ofso-calledtruthandsocial,politicalandmoralsuggestions“Purepoetry”or“pureart”Unityofeffectandatmosphere;contentinserviceofartisticeffect,ThemesinPoesworks,DeathpredominantthemeinPoeswriting“Poeisnotinterestedinanythingalive.EverythinginPoeswritingsisdead.”Horror；Hiddenevil:Unspeakable,mysteriouscrimes,includingincestandparricideManiacalLaughter（crazy）ThediscoveredmanuscriptgivesresponsibilitytosomeoneelseDeformity（畸形）thegroteque-peoplewhodontlookrightarecapableofactivitybeyondthenormNegativethoughtsofscience,Sciencescrimeofdestroyingthesebeautifulmythsismadealltheworsebythepoemsharshlanguage.Thevulturehasnotjustnudgedthemythicalfiguresoutofthepicture,buthas“draggedDianafromhercar”and“torntheNaiadfromherflood.”,【希腊神话】林木女神,【希腊、罗马神话】那伊阿得(掌管河、泉的水泽女神),月亮女神,PartV.CommentsonPoe,Emersondismissedhiminthreewords“thejingleman”(打油诗人)，MarkTwaindeclaredhisprosetobeunreadable.AndWhitmanwastheonlyfamousliteraryfigurepresentatthePoeMemorialCeremonyin1875.NotacceptedbeforeFrenchsymbolistslikeCharlesPierreBaudelaire(1821-1867)andMallarm.,*Hisinfluenceisworld-wideinliteratureArthurConanDoyleFrenchsymbolistsBritishAestheticism“ArtforArtsSake”T.SEliot,WilliamFaulkner*Poeremainsoneofthiscountrysfinestandmostinfluentialwriters.He