德州专版2019中考英语总复习第三部分题型研析高分保障题型二阅读理解课件.ppt

第三部分题型研析高分保障,题型2阅读理解,近五年的阅读理解部分都为四篇，20个小题共40分，是试卷中分值最高的一题。阅读文章题材丰富，记叙文、说明文和应用文均有涉及。考查学生是否具备必要的常识、关注社会热点和了解多学科综合知识，同时也考查学生是否具有缜密的思维，尤其是推理判断能力和归纳概括能力。涉及的话题以介绍类(人物、事物、动物)、跨文化介绍类、人物经历及感受、广告海报信息为主，命题将在考查细节理解的基础上逐渐注重对文章整体的理解和把握。抓住了阅读，就是抓住了中考的命脉。考生在复习时一定要注意阅读速度、技巧、文化背景常识等方面的积累，以便提升通过文字获取信息的能力。,解题技法指导,阅读指导快速阅读，在考试时才能节省时间。怎样才能做到快速阅读呢？在平时的阅读训练中，我们可以按照以下几点来做：1抓关键句(如名词、动词、主谓宾构成的简单句及常见的几种复合句)。2抓首尾句，即中心句，也叫主题句。3在浏览题目的同时，用铅笔画出有关信息来缩小寻找范围。4学会通过阅读上下文或跳读来推测词义。5最后，要复读检查。答完题后，再重读一遍短文，以验证所做的答案。,例题精析2015德州中考阅读下列短文，然后从每小题A、B、C、D中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。,【主旨大意】本文是一篇应用文。详细介绍了电影速度与激情7的订票单，向人们展示了购票时间、购票方法及一些优惠措施等。1Ifyouwanttobookaticket，youcanNOT_AusetheInternetBgototheBoxOfficeonSundaysCringandpaybycreditcardDpostthebookingformtotheBoxOffice【解析】细节理解题。由“BoxOfficeopensfromMondaytoSaturday”可知，BoxOffice的开门时间是从星期一到星期六，说明在星期天不能买到票。【答案】B,2Ifyoumakeagroupbookingfor14persons，howmuchshouldyoupay?A$120.B$126.C$140.D$150.【解析】数字计算题。由“Groupbookings：10%discountforgroupsoftwelveormore”可知，12人或12人以上均可打折优惠10%，票价每人10元，14人共140元，打折10%，14014126。因此需付126美元。【答案】B,3Onaverage(平均)，whichkindofticketsisthecheapest?ASaver.BSupersaver.CGroupbookings.DSchool.【解析】细节理解题。由“Saver：$2offforchildrenunder16yearsold，over60sandfulltimestudents”可知，少付2美元，只付8美元即可；由“Supersaver：halfpriceseatsfordisabledpeople，onlyeightwheelchairspacesavailable”可知，残疾人可付半价，即5美元；由“Groupbookings：10%discountforgroupsoftwelveormore”可知，团体票每人合9美元；由“School：$6ticketsforschoolgroupsoftenormore，everytenthticketfree”可知，10人或10人以上的学校团体票每张6美元，每组第十张票免费，故每人为5.4美元。【答案】B,4WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?ATherearenospacesforwheelchairs.BTheaudience(观众)canneverexchangetickets.CAgroupof12canget10%discount.DAschoolgroupof15shouldpay$90forthetickets.【解析】推理判断题。由“Groupbookings：10%discountforgroupsoftwelveormore”可知。【答案】C,5Thepassageis_AbookingnotesofFurious7BareviewofFurious7CasurveyofFurious7DnewsaboutFurious7【解析】主旨大意题。该文包括票价、优惠方案、售票时间等，很显然是一份订票单。【答案】A考点拓展：6Theword“Booking”inthepassagemeans_A书B账簿C登记D预订【解析】词义猜测题。由下文可知，可以通过四种方式预订电影票，因此可推测词义为“预订”。【答案】D,技法点拨1细节理解题细节理解题重在抓关键词。利用题干的关键词，寻找文中相对应的词，在对应词周围找答案或直接在文中搜索答案，对号入座。这类试题是针对文章中的某一个特定细节，或若干细节，或针对文章的主要事实等而设计的。如1题、3题。2数字计算题理清有关数字之间的关系，列出数学算式。或者结合文章的细节，根据题目要求找出要计算的部分。如2题。3推理判断题根据文中某些词、句子或段落进行推理，或根据句子的语气、文章论调和倾向进行推断。读整篇文章，根据作者意图及文章细节的发展做出正确的推理和判断。如4题。,4主旨大意题/标题归纳题这类题目考查考生对文章主题或中心思想的领会和理解能力。可以从文章的首、尾句(段)寻找主题句，或者从文章的标题到各个部分都进行略读，以归纳出要点，概括作者的意图、观点和态度，了解全文的概貌。做此类题目要注意：以原文为依据，不掺杂个人意见；不选对的，只选最适合本篇文章的；注意绝对化的词；答案要避免以点带面，以偏概全；文章中没提到的就当作不知道，不要妄自猜测，自作聪明，一切以文章为准。如第5题。,5词义猜测题词义猜测题主要考查学生利用上下文对词、词组的辨别能力。在阅读过程中，有些同学一遇到生僻词就查阅词典，这是不可取的。这不但使我们养成依赖词典的习惯，而且还会影响阅读速度。猜测词义是阅读理解的基本技巧之一。解答这类题目时需要一些猜词技巧：根据上下文猜测；根据同义词或反义词猜测；根据构词法猜测；通过定义或释义猜测；根据转折、因果关系等来猜测；根据生活常识猜测。此外，对于这类题目采取“代入法”也十分有效，即将备选答案逐一带入文中，哪一选项能使句子的意思通顺、连贯，且与上下文的内容一致，就是正确答案。如第6题。,即时运用Passage12017福建中考(8分钟，10分),Nooneknowswhenthefirstkitewasmade.Thefirstrecordofakitewasmorethan2，000yearsagoinChina.HanXin，theleaderofanarmy，wantedtobringdownaking.Hedecidedtodigatunnel(隊道)intothekingspalace.Heflewakiteoverthewallofthepalacetomakesurethelength(长度)ofitsstring(线)Inthisway，hecoulddeterminehowlongthetunnelshouldbe.Hismeninthetunneltookthekitestringwiththem.Whentheyreachedtheendofthestring，theyknewtodigup.,KiteshavebeenflowninJapanforhundredsofyears.Inthe1700s，kiteswereflowninautumntogivethanksforagoodharvest.Theywerealsoflowntosendgoodwishestocoupleswhohadtheirfirstson.TodayinJapan，kitesareoftenflownaspartofacelebration，suchasthebeginningofanewyear.Andkitefestivalsareheldeachyearinmanypartsofthecountry.Kiteshavebeenusedforscientificpurposesinthewesternworld.In1752，BenjaminFranklintiedakeytoakiteandflewitinastormtofindoutthatlighteningwasaformofelectricity.Inthe1890s，LawrenceHargraveinventedtheboxkitetotestideasaboutflight.From1898until1933，theUnitedStatesWeatherBureau(气象局)usedboxkitestocollectweatherdata.TheWrightbrothersalsoexperimented(试验)withkites.Whattheylearnthelpedthemmakethefirstairplaneflightin1903.,1WhydidHanXinwanttodigatunnel？_ATopulldownthepalace.BTofightagainsttheking.CTosearchforthekingstreasure.DTofindoutthelengthofthekitestring.2Whatdoestheunderlinedword“determine”inParagraph1probablymeaninChinese？_A测定B选择C了解D考察,B,A,3OneofthepurposesofflyingkitesinJapanis_AtogivethanksforagoodharvestinsummerBtoexpressgoodwishestothefirstborndaughterCtocelebratethebeginningofanewyearDtoholdkitefestivalsalloverthecountry4WhendidtheUnitedStatesWeatherBureaubegintouseboxkites？_AIn1752.BIn1898.CIn1903.DIn1933.5Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext？_ATheHistoryofKitesBTheExperimentsofKitesCTheInventionofaKiteDTheFirstRecordofaKite,C,B,A,Passage22017烟台中考(8分钟，10分),1TheHalloweenpartywillbeheld_AonJune5at587TongshiRoadBonOctober26inthefifthbuildingConOctober26at587RoseRoadDonJune16at256TongshiRoad2IfJackdownloadstheShaiShufangapp，hecan_AsharebookswithhisfriendsBseewhatHalloweenhasinstoreCcontactwithJuliaorLisaDtakepartinthelecture,C,A,3ThedogCookie_Awaslost6weeksagoBhasblackeyesChasbrownhairDBandC4WhatisthelecturegivenbyProfessorWangDongon？_AAnewappShaiShufang.BChineseTraditionalCulture.CForeignLanguageResearch.DChineseLanguage.,D,B,5WhichofthestatementsisTRUE？_ATheHalloweenPartywilllast16hours.BThepersonwhofindsthelostdogwillberewarded300pounds.CWhenabookispublished，anappusercanadditintohisorhershoppinglist.DProfessorWangDongworksintheChineseLanguageDepartmentofYantaiUniversity.,C,Passage32017盐城中考(8分钟，10分)Isadvertisementreallynecessary？Billionsofdollarsarespentoniteveryyear，soitmustbeimportant.Afterall，itsabusyworld.Youhavetoadvertisetogetpeoplesattentiontosellproducts!Noteverycompanythinksthatway，however.TheNOADcompanydoesntadvertiseintraditionalways.Itsellsitsproductsbywordofmouth.Inthisway，theycansavemoneyandkeepcostsdown，whichmakestheirproductscheaperforcustomers.“Wordofmouthadvertising”happenswhenonepersontellsanotheraboutagoodexperiencewithaproductorservice.Thatnextpersonthentellsanotherfriend，familymember，orcolleague(同事)Andsoachainofinformationiscreated.,Usually，advertiserstalkabouthowgoodtheirproductisalthoughtheysaythingslike，“Studiesshowthatourproductisthebest.”or“Everyonelovesthisproduct.”ItcansoundunconvincingItsmuchmorebelievabletohearaboutaproductfromafamily，memberorfriendwhohasuseditandlikedit.Ourlovedonesopinionsareveryimportanttous，soweoftenlistentotheiradviceaboutaproduct.Wordofmouthadvertisinghasotheradvantages，too.Itscosteffective(afterall，itsfree)andacompanydoesnthavetocreateacomplexbusinessplantodoit.Hereissomeadviceforsmallbusinessesaboutwordofmouthadvertising.,Bepreparedtotalkaboutyourcompanyatanytime.Youneverknowwhoyouwillmeet.Alwayscarrybusinesscards.Onlysaygoodthingsaboutyourcompany.Dontsaybadthingsaboutyourcompetition.Helpothercompaniesbyrecommendingpeopletothem.Themoreyouhelpothers，themoregoodluckwillcomebacktoyou.andthatsgoodbusiness.1Whydosomecompaniesspendlotsofmoneyonadvertisements？_AToattractpeopletotheirproducts.BTomaketheenvironmentbeautiful.CTotellpeoplethenamesoftheircompanies.DTomaketheirproductsveryuseful.,A,2Inthepicture，bysaying，“Ialwaysbuyit.”，thespeakerprobablymeansto_AselltheproducttoherrelativeBtellhercustomerabouttheserviceCbuytheproductforhercolleagueDrecommendtheproducttoherfriend3Whatdoestheunderlinedword“unconvincing”inParagraph4probablymean？_AuncomfortableBunimportantCunbelievableDunusual,D,C,4WhatmightNOADcompaniesdoaccordingtothepassage？_ACreatecomplexbusinessplans.BSaybadthingsaboutothercompanies.CImprovetheirproductsandserviceallthetime.DHelpothercompaniesbywishingthemgoodluck.5Thewritersmainpurposeofwritingthepassageis_AtotellustocaremoreaboutadvertisementsBtointroducesomeinformationaboutNOADCtoshowushowtosellproductsbyadvertisingonTVDtomakeusbelievethereisnoneedtomakeadvertisements,C,B,Passage42017滨州中考(8分钟，10分),BikesharinghassweptacrossChina，withanincreasingnumberofpeoplechoosingbikeridinginsteadofdriving.ThebikethattheservicecompanyprovideshasGPSorBluetoothonit，andthosebikescanbeeasilyunlockedwithasmartphoneandleftanywhereinpublic.Bikesharingallowspeopletoborrowabikefromoneplaceandreturnitatanotherplaceeasily.,Insomecities，wecanseemoreandmorepeopleridingthiskindofsharingbikes.Itsveryconvenienttousethebikesifyouhaveasmartphone.First，youhavetodownloadsuchanAPPonyoursmartphone.ThenwhatyouneedtodoistofindanearestbikethroughtheAPP，scantheQRcodeonthebikeorconnectyourphonewiththebikeoveraBluetoothwirelessconnection.Youwillfindthebikecanbeunlockeditself.Thenyoucanenjoyyourtrip.Whatsmore，thegreatestadvantageofbikesharingisthatyoucaneasilyfindoneandneverworryaboutwheretoparkit.Thecostofridingdependsonthetimethatyouspend.Normally，everyhouryouride，youneedtopayoneyuan.Itdoesntcostsomuch，doesit?,Atthesametime，somepeopleparkthebikesintheiro