中考英语 考点聚焦 第39讲 定语从句课件.ppt

第39讲定语从句,D,B,3.Successwillbelongtothose_neversay“impossible”.(2012)A.whomB.whatC.whoD.which4.Afriendissomeone_says,“What！Youtoo?IthoughtIwastheonlyone！”(2013)A.whoB.whichC.whatD.whose,C,A,5.“Underground”istheonlywordintheEnglishlanguage_beginsandendswiththeletters“und”.(2014)A.whatB.thatC.whoD.whom6.Whydontyoulikefishing?Fishingisahobby_needsmuchpatience,butImnotpatientatall.(2015)A.whoB.thatC.itD.what,B,B,(2)which,that代替的先行词是指代事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。如：Marylikesmusicthat/whichisquietandgentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。Thecoat(that/which)Iputonthedeskisblue.我放在桌子上的外套是蓝色的。(3)whose用来指人或物,在句中只用作定语,如：Pleasepassmethebookwhosecoverisgreen.请把封面是绿色的那本书递给我。,(4)关系副词有when,where,why,它们在句中作状语。如：Illneverforgetthedayswhenwestudiedtogether.我永远忘不了我们一起学习的那些日子。Thisisthecitywheremyfatherworkedtenyearsago.这是我爸十年前工作的城市。Doyouknowthereasonwhyhewaslateforschool?你知道他上学迟到的原因吗？,【例1】Whichsongdoyoulikebetter,Lucy?IpreferthesongLittleApple_canattractmanypeople.(2015,黄冈)A.whichB.whoC.whomD.where解析：分析答语可知,此句为含有定语从句的主从复合句,空格处在定语从句中作主语,且指代前面表示物的名词song,故用关系代词which/that。句意为“露茜,你更喜欢哪首歌？”“我更喜欢小苹果这首歌,它能吸引许多人”。答案：_,A,【例2】Everyone_hasbeentoShanghaisaysitisamoderncity.(2015,焦作)A.whyB.whoseC.whoD.which解析：从句子结构看,题干是含有定语从句的复合句。why作引导词,其先行词一般为reason,在定语从句中充当原因状语；whose引导定语从句,通常在从句中作定语,故排除A、B两项；先行词表示人,用引导词who,先行词表示物,用引导词that或which；该句中的先行词是everyone指人。答案：_,C,【例3】Thisistheprimaryschool_Istudiedthreeyearsago.A.whereB.whenC.thatD.which解析：先行词school在定语从句中作studied的地点状语。答案：_,A,高频考向二关系词只能用that而不用which的情况(1)当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如：ThisisoneofthemostexcitingfootballgamesthatIhaveeverseen.这是我所看过的最激烈的足球赛之一。(2)当先行词被序数词修饰时。如：Thefirstthingthatyoucoulddowastoturnoffthelight.你首先要做的就是关灯。,(3)当先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much,none等不定代词时(something后也可用which)。如：AllthatwehavetodoforourstudentsistotellthemhowtospeakEnglishinclass.我们要为学生做的所有的事情就是告诉他们如何在课上说英语。ImgoingtobuyeverythingthatIneed.我要去买我所需要的一切东西。(4)当先行词前面有only,just,very,any,no等词修饰时。如：Thatstheonlythingthatwecandonow.那是我们现在唯一能做的事情。,(5)当先行词既指人又指物时。如：Theyaretalkingaboutthingsandpersonsthattheyremembered.他们正在谈论他们所能回忆起来的人或事。【例4】ThePalaceMuseumisthebestplace_Iveevervisited.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.what解析：当先行词place前有形容词最高级best修饰时,关系词只能用that。答案：_,A,【例5】Lookattheboyandhisdog_arecomingthisway.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.whom解析：先行词既指人又指物时,关系代词用that。答案：_,C,高频考向三关系词只能用who(whom)而不用that的情况(1)当先行词为all,any或其合成词或afew且指人时。如：Anyonewhobreaksthelawwillbepunished.任何违法的人都会受到惩罚。(2)当先行词为that,this,those或these且指人时。如：Thosewhohadntboughttheticketsforthetraincrowdedinthewaitinghall.那些还没买着票的人挤在候车厅里。(3)当先行词在定语从句中作宾语或表语时,在口语中用who或whom引导均可,但如直接位于介词后作宾语时,只能用whom。如：Theguest(who/whom)Illfirstintroducetoyouisalittlegirl.我首先要介绍给你们的客人是一位小姑娘。Imetafewfriendsofmine,amongwhomwasmyoldclassmate.我遇见几位朋友,其中一位是我的老同学。,【例6】Women_drinksomemorethantwocupsofcoffeeadayhavegreaterchanceofhavingheartdiease