中考英语 语法精讲精炼 第14讲 定语从句课件.ppt

语法精讲精炼,第十四讲定语从句,广州中考高分突破,定语从句是在主从复合句中修饰某个名词或代词句子,它在句中作定语。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,连接先行词和定语从句的词叫引导词(也叫关系词)。如：Theboys(先行词)who(引导词)areplayingfootball(从句)arefromClassOne.那群踢足球的小男孩都是一班的。,第十四讲定语从句,1.定语从句的引导词(关系词)（1）常考的关系代词有：,（2）常考的关系副词有表示原因（thereason)的why。,2.常考的引导词(关系词)的用法(1)由that引导的定语从句一般情况下that可指人或物,可以代替who,whom和which,在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语,但不能作介词的宾语。如：Themanthat(who)isspeakingatthemeetingisaforeigner.正在会上发言的那个男人是个外国人。Isthisthenursethat(whom)youtalkedaboutyesterday?这就是你们昨天谈论的那位护士吗？Thepresentthat(which)Ireceivedyesterdaywasfrommyfather.昨天我收到的礼物是我父亲寄来的。,(2)由who,whom和whose引导的定语从句who在从句中作主语,whom在从句中作宾语,whose在从句中作定语。如：Thisisthethiefwhostolemycar.这就是偷我车的那个贼。Heistheboywhomyouwantedtofind.他就是你想要找的那个男孩。Thegirlwhosemotherisanurseiswaitingforyououtside.妈妈是个护士的那个女孩在外面等你。,(3)由which引导的定语从句which指物,在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语。如：ThebookwhichMumboughtmelastweekiscalledTheOldManandtheSea.妈妈上周买给我的那本书名叫老人与海。ThehousewhichLuXunoncelivedinisnowtheLuXunMuseum.鲁迅曾经住过的那所房子现在是鲁迅博物馆。3.关系副词why的用法：先行词为thereason时，关系副词用why。如：Idontknowthereasonwhyhewaslate.我不知道他为什么迟到。,语法选择(复合句),Manykidsthinktheyareordinary.Theythink_theyarenttheprettiestorthesmartest.Atthesametime,theythinktheyarenteventheugliestorthesilliest,_wouldatleastmakethemstandout.Everyonefeelsthatwaysometimes,especiallyinmiddleschool.Kidsseldomrealizehowspecial_.,1,2,3,Itispartofgrowingup.Growingupmeansunderstanding_theworld._youreyoung,yourealizethatjustbybeingyourself,youdooffersomethingtootherpeople.Maybeyouarentthebest,butthatdoesntmakeyou“notamazing”.Doyourselfafavor.Thinkaboutyourfriendscarefully.Writedownalistofthings_youlikeaboutthem.Thinkabout_youmakefriendswiththem.Youwillgettoknow_intheend,nomatteriftheyarentthesmartestortheprettiestorthemosttalented,4,5,6,7,8,theyaregreatintheirownway.Andtheyfeeljustthesameaboutyou!Remember,itgetseasier_yougrowolder._youtryyourbest,youarestillprettyamazing.()1.A.whatB./C.whenD.why()2.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.inwhich()3.A.theyareB.aretheyC.theywereD.werethey,B,B,A,9,10,()4.A.whatyoucanofferB.whatcanyouofferC.youcanofferwhatD.canyouofferwhat()5.A.SinceB.BecauseC.WhenD.If()6.A.thatB.whereC.whoD.inwhich()7.A.whyB.thatC.whereD.when()8.A.whatB.thatC.whenD.why()9.A.beforeB.assoonasC.asD.sothat()10.A.AlthoughB.BeforeC.AssoonasD.If,A,C,A,B,A,C,D,中考模拟演练,Davidreceivedaparrotforhisbirthday.Theparrothadapoorvocabulary(词汇量),andmanywereimpolite.Thebird_polite.He_triedanythinghecouldthinkoftosetagoodexample.But_worked,_birdwasalwaysrude.Heshoutedatthebirdandthebirdjustgotangryandbecameeven_.Finally，_anyhope，Davidputtheparrotinthefreezer.Forafewmomentsheheardthebird_loudlyinit.David,(一),1,2,3,4,5,6,7,didntknow_itwassoquiet.Hewas_frightenedtodoanythingatfirst.Thensuddenlyitwasquietnotasoundforhalfaminute.ThenDavidwasafraidthathemight_thebirdandquicklyopenthefreezerdoor.Theparrot_didntsayawordjumpedoutontoDavidsarm.Itsaid，“IbelievethatImayhavemadeyouangry_meaboutmyimpolitelanguageandactions.I_mybestatoncetobepolite.Iamsorryandbegyourpardon.”,8,9,10,11,12,13,Itwasimpossible_thebirdtochangesomuch.Davidwassurprisedatthebirdschange，andhewasjustwhathadmadesuchasurprisingchangewhentheparrotwenton_,“MayIaskwhatthechickeninthefreezerdid?”()1.A.teachB.wastaughtC.hastaughtD.taught()2.A.alsoB.tooC.eitherD.neither,14,15,B,A,()3.A.everythingB.anythingC.nothingD.something()4.A.aB.anC.theD./()5.A.politeB.moreimpoliteC.mostimpoliteD.themostimpolite()6.A.withB.outC.withoutD.a()7.A.cryB.criedC.tocryD.tocrying()8.A.howB.whatC.whyD.when()9.A.soB.veryC.suchD.too,B,C,C,C,A,C,D,()10.A.hurtB.hurtsC.ishurtingD.havehurt()11.A.whoB.whenC.whatD.which()12.A.inB.forC.toD.with()13.A.hastriedB.triedC.triesD.willtry()14.A.ofB.forC.aboutD.on()15.A.sayingB.sayC.saidD.tosay,D,D,D,D,B,A,Athirstybeewenttoarivertodrink.Asitwasdrinking,_strangehappenedtoit.It_awaybytherunningwater.Akindbirdsawthatthebee_introuble.Itpicked_leafoffatreeandthrewitintothewaterinfrontofthebee.Thebeeclimbedontheleaf,anditwasbrought_totheland.Thebeethankedthebeealotandthenflewawaywithout_anything.,(二),1,2,3,4,5,6,Notlongafterthat,thebirdwassittingonthebranchofatreewhenit_arest.Itdidnotknow_amanwasshootingatit._thebeesawit.Itnoticed_themanwasdoing,_itflewintothemanseyesandstung(刺蜇)him.Thepaininthemanseyeswas_greatthathewasnotabletoshootatthebird,andthebirdflewaway.Thebee_hadbeensavedbythebird,wasabletosavethelifeofthebird.The,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,birddidthesame_thebee.They_helpeachotherinacleverway.()1.A.somethingB.everythingC.anythingD.nothing()2.A.carryB.wascarriedC.carryingD.carries()3.A.wasB.isC.hasbeenD.being()4.A.aB.theC.anD./()5.A.safeB.safetyC.saveD.safely,14,15,B,A,A,A,D,()6.A.sayingB.sayC.saidD.tosay()7.A.takeB.tookC.wastakingD.takes()8.A.whyB.whereC.whenD.that()9.A.ThoughB.BecauseC.SoD.But()10.A.whenB.whatC.howD.why()11.A.soB.orC.butD.and()12.A.soB.suchC.veryD.too()13.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.whose()14.A.likeB.asC.toD.from()15.A.bothB.allC.neitherD.none,A,C,D,D,B,A,A,C,B,A,Mikewas_innewthings.Hesometimesforgot_therules.Andthismade_indanger.Hismotherremindshim_thisagainandagainbeforetheyleft.OnedayMikewentwithhisfathertoseehisgrandparents_liveinasmalltown._thetrain,Mikeputhisheadoutofthewindoweveryminute.Hisfathersaid,“Mike,be_!Dont_yourheadoutofthewindow!”Insteadof_,(三),1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,tohisfather,Mikewentonputtinghisheadoutofthewindow.Hisfathercoulddo_.ThenMikesfatherwantedtoplayajokeonhisson.HetookMikescapquietly,hiditbehindhisbackandsaid,“Yousee,yourcap_away.”Miketouchedhisheadanditwasreallygone.Hedidntknow_todo.Theboybegantocry.Hewantedtogethiscapback.“Dontworry,son.”saidhisfather,“Iwillgetyourcapback.Howcanyougetitback?”askedMikeinsurprise.,10,11,12,Hisfathersaid,“Closeyoureyesandwhistle(吹口哨)once,andmaybeyourcap_back.”Mikecametothewindow,closedhiseyesandwhistled.Justatthatmoment,hisfatherquicklyputthecaponthesonshead.“_strangeway!”Mikesaid.Hewaspleased,thenhequicklytookhisfatherscapand_itoutofthewindow.“Nowitisyourturntowhistle,Dad!”hesaidhappily.,13,14,15,()1.A.interestB.interestingC.interestsD.interested()2.A.followB.tofollowC.followingD.tofollowing()3.A.himB.hisC.heD.himself()4.A.toB.withC.ofD.for()5.A.whichB.whereC.whenD.who()6.A.AtB.OfC.ToD.In()7.A.careB.carefulC.carefullyD.careless()8.A.putB.putsC.puttingD.wasput,D,B,A,C,D,D,B,A,()9.A.listentoB.listeningtoC.tolistentoD.listensto()10.A.nothingB.anythingC.somethingD.anything()11.A.hasflownB.flewC.isflyingD.willfly()12.A.howB.whatC.whyD.that()13.A.comesB.willcomeC.hascomeD.came()14.A.WhataB.WhatC.HowD.Howa()15.A.throwingB.threwC.throwsD.throw,B,A,A,B,B,A,B,“Dreamsmaybemoreimportantthansleep.Weallneedto_,”somescientistssay.Dreamstakeupaboutonequarterof_sleepingtime.Peoplehave_dreamseachnight.Dreams_shortfilms.Theyareusuallyincolour.Somedreamsareoldfilms_cometousoverandoveragain.Thatmaybebecausethedreamerisworryingabout_.Also,dreamingmaybeawayof_tofindananswer.Some,(四),1,2,3,4,5,6,7,peoplegetnewideasabouttheirworkfromdreams.Sotheirworkmay_aboutallday.Laterinthedream,peoplemayfindanswerstotheirwork.It_apityifyoucantremembertheanswersinyourdream,right?Sometimeswewakeupwithagoodfeelingfromadream,_mostpeopleoftencantremember_.Dreamscandisappear_frommemory(记忆)._alongdreamcanbeharmful(有害的).Themorewesleep,the_wedream.Themindishardatworkwhenwedream.That,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,is_wemayhavealongsleepbutstillwakeuptired.()1.A.dreamsB.dreamC.bedreamedD.dreamed()2.A.oursB.usC.weD.our()3.A.littleB.fewC.alittleD.several()4.A.likeB.likedC.arelikingD.arelike()5.A.whichB.whoC.whatD.whom()6.A.somethingB.everythingC.anythingD.nothing()7.A.tryB.tryingC.triedD.tries,15,B,D,D,D,A,A,B,()8.A.bethoughtB.thoughtC.thinkD.thinks()9.A.isB.wasC.willbeD.hasbeen()10.A.thoughB.butC.soD.because()11.A.whatisthedreamB.howisthedreamC.whatthedreamisD.whichthedreamis()12.A.quickB.morequicklyC.mostquicklyD.quickly()13.A.HaveB.HavingC.TohaveD.Tohaving()14.A.longB.longerC.longestD.length()15.A.whenB.whereC.whyD.how,A,C,B,C,D,B,B,C,NowteleshoppingisstartinginEurope.PeoplecanturnontheirTVsandshopfor_theyneed.Teleshopping_popularinSweden,andinoneyear，itmadeMYM10million.There_twoteleshoppingchannelsinFrance，andtheFrenchspendaboutMYM20millionayear_thingsthroughthosechannels.Onlyonechannel_untillastyearinGermany.Thenthegovernmentallowed_teleshoppingthanbefore，_,(五),1,2,3,4,5,6,7,channelscanopenfortelebusiness，includingthelargestAmericanteleshoppingcompanyanda_teleshoppingcompany.Germanbusinessmenarehopingthese_themsellmorethings.Somepeopleliketeleshoppingbecauseitallowsthem_theirshoppingwithoutgoingout.Withallthetrafficproblemsincities，goingshoppingisnot_easything.Butatthesametime，otherEuropeansdontlikethisnewwayof_things.Theycallteleshopping“junkontheair.”ManyEuropeans,8,9,10,11,12,usually_aboutthequalityofthethingsforsaleonTV.Theythinkhighqualityisthemostimportantthing.Becauseoftheneedofhighquality,theywillhavetobemorecarefulaboutthequalityofthethings_theysell.Theywillalsohavetoworkhardertosellthingsthatthebuyerscannottouchorseeby_.()1.A.whenB.whichC.whatD.why()2.A.becomeB.isbecomingC.becameD.wasbecoming()3.A.hasB.haveC.isD.are,13,14,15,C,B,D,()4.A.buyingB.tobuyC.buysD.buy()5.A.allowedB.wasallowedC.hasallowedD.allows()6.A.manyB.moreC.muchD.most()7.A.theotherB.othersC.theothersD.other()8.A.24hoursB.24hoursC.24hoursD.24hour()9.A.willhelpB.helpedC.havehelpedD.washelping,A,B,B,D,D,A,()10.A.todoB.doC.doingD.todoing()11.A.anB.theC.aD./()12.A.buyB.buyingC.buysD.tobuy()13.A.worriedB.worryC.haveworriedD.areworrying()14.A.whichB.whoC.whomD.when()15.A.themselvesB.themC.theyD.their,A,B,B,A,A,A,Frankwasaverytalkativelittleboy.Heneversawanewthingwithoutasking_questionsaboutit.Hismotherwasverypatientandkind.Whenitwasproper_hisquestions,shewoulddoso.Sometimesshewouldsay,“Yourenot_tounderstandthat,myson.Whenyouaretenyearsold,ifyouaskmeaboutit,I_you.”ThefirsttimeFranksaw_hourglass(沙漏),hewasverymuchinterested,buthedidnot,(六),4,1,2,3,5,know_itwas.Hismothersaid,“Anhourglass_intheshapeofthefigure“8”.Thesandisputinatoneend,andrunsthroughasmallholeinthemiddle.Allsand_intotheglassinanhour.”WhenFrankwatchedthelittlestreamofsand,hewasimpatient.“Letmeshakeit,mother,Iwanttomakeitrun_”saidFrank.“Itislazy,andwillnevergetthrough.”“Ohyes,itwill,myson,”saidhismother.“Whenyoulookattheclock,youthinktheygo,6,7,8,9,very_.Thesandmovesdownlittlebylittle,butitmovesallthetime.Whileyou_,thesandisrunning,grain(颗粒)bygrain.Likethehourhandoftheclockhasmovedallaround_face.Thisisbecausetheykeep_everysecond.Theydonotstoptothink_itwilltakethemtodoit.”Now,Franksmotherwantedhimtolearnalittlepoem,buthesaid,“Mother,Icanhardly_it.”Hismothersaid,“Studyallthetime.Neverstoptoaskhowlongitwilltaketolearnit.You,10,11,12,13,14,15,willbeabletosayitverysoon.”Frankfollowedhismothersadvice.Atlast,heknewthepoemperfectly.()1.A.plentyofB.lotofC.muchD.alittle()2.A.answerB.answeringC.toanswerD.toanswering()3.A.oldenoughB.enougholdC.toooldD.veryold()4.A.tellB.amtellingC.toldD.willtell()5.A.anB.aC.theD./()6.A.whenB.whatC.whereD.why,A,C,A,D,A,B,()7.A.madeB.makesC.ismakingD.ismade()8.A.willrunB.runsC.runD.isrunning()9.A.fastestB.fasterC.fastD.fastly()10.A.slowB.moreslowlyC.mostslowlyD.slowly()11.A.playedB.playC.haveplayedD.areplaying()12.A.itB.itsC.itsD.itself()13.A.toworkB.workC.workingD.toworking()14.A.howlongB.howsoonC.howoftenD.when()15.A.learnedB.learnsC.learnD.learning,D,A,B,D,D,B,C,A,C,Eachofusfailsfromtimetotime.Ifwearewise,havingenoughexperienceandknowledge,weregardthesefailures(失败)as_importantpartoflearning.Butoftenasparentsandteachers,wedontofferthisright(权利)toourchildren.MystudentDonniewasin_.Hisworryaboutfailurekepthimfromclassroomgamesthat_childrenenjoyed.Heseldomansweredmyquestionshewasafraidofmakingmistakes.,(七),1,2,3,Itriedmybesttobuildhisselfconfidence._nothingchangeduntilmidterm,whenMaryanewteacher,came.Shewasyoungandpretty,andshe_byeverystudentincludingDonnie.Itwasthenewteacher_madeabigdifferencetoDonnielater.Onemorning,theyweredoingmathproblemsattheblackboard.Donniehadcopiedtheproblems_.Buthedmissedthefourthproblemandbegantocry.,4,5,6,7,Ididntknow_.Suddenly,asmileappearedonMarysface.Fromthedeskshegotabox_pencils.“Look,Donnie,”shesaidgently.“Ivegotsomethingtoshowyou.”“Lookat_pencils,Donnie,”shecontinued.“Theyare_.Seehowtheerasersareworn(磨损)?ThatsbecauseImakemistakestoo.ButIerasethemistakesandtryagain.Thatswhatyou_learntodo,too.”Shekissedhimandstoodup,“Here,”shesaid,“I_oneofthesepencilsonyourdesk,soyoullrememberthateverybody_,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,mistakes,eventeachers.”Donniesmiled.ThepencilbecameDonniesprize.Itmadehim_themeaningofmakingmistakesisitsallrighttomakemistakes,aslongasyouerasethemandtryagain.()1.A.anB.aC.theD./()2.A.threegradeB.thirdgradeC.thethreegradeD.GradeThree()3.A.othersB.theothersC.otherD.theother()4.A.AndB.OrC.ButD.So()5.A.islovedB.waslovedC.lovedD.loves()6.A.whomB.whoC.whichD.when,15,A,D,C,C,B,B,()7.A.carefullyB.carefulC.careD.careless()8.A.howtodoB.whatshouldIdoC.whattodoD.howIshoulddo()9.A.fullwithB.fillwithC.filledwithD.filledof()10.A.thisB.thatC.theseD.it()11.A.myB.meC.ID.mine()12.A.mightB.couldC.mustD.donthaveto()13.A.leaveB.willleaveC.haveleftD.left()14.A.makesB.aremakingC.makeD.havemade()15.A.understoodB.tounderstandC.understandingD.understand,A,C,C,C,D,C,B,A,D,Simonhasabigshopinthecenterofthecity.Hetellsallhisemployeestobefriendly_thebuyersandhegetsalotofmoney.Onedayanoldwomanwenttotheshop_asilkblouse.Whenshecameoutoftheshopwiththeblouse,sheleftherwalletinit.Agirl_itup.There_nearlyfivehundreddollarsinit.Shetried_calm.Shelookedaroundand_sawit.Sheputitintoherpocketquickly.Soon_oldwomancamebacktolookforit,ofcourseshefailed.That,(八),1,2,3,4,5,6,7,eveningSimon_aboutit.Anemployee_didnttellatruthshouldbesentaway.Hewas_angrythathesentthegirlawaythenextday.Thenhedecidedtoemploy_honestmantotakeherplace.Severalyoungmencame,but_ofthemcouldsatisfyhim.Thismorningayoungmancametohisoffice.Heasked,“Doyousmoke,sir?”“No,sir,”answeredtheyoungman.“Doyoudrink?”“No,sir.”Simonaskedhimtheotherquestions,andtheyoungmansanswersmadehim_.It,8,9,10,11,12,13,seemedhewastherightpersonforSimon._heemployedhim,heaskedhimthelastquestion,“Youhavenoshortcoming,doyou?”“No,Idont,sir.”saidtheyoungman.“Ionlylike_lies.”()1.A.toB.forC.withD.on()2.A.buysB.boughtC.buyD.tobuy()3.A.pickB.pickedC.picksD.waspicking()4.A.isB.wasC.areD.were()5.A.tokeepingB.keepC.keepingD.tokeep,14,15,A,D,B,B,D,()6.A.somebodyB.everybodyC.nobodyD.anybody()7.A.anB./C.aD.the()8.A.toldB.wastoldC.hastoldD.wastelling()9.A.whomB.whichC.whoD.what()10.A.soB.veryC.tooD.quite()11.A.aB.anC.theD.不填()12.A.neitherB.bothC.noneD.all()13.A.happyB.morehappyC.happilyD.morehappily()14.A.BeforeB.WhileC.UntilD.If()15.A.tellB.tellsC.toldD.telling,C,D,B,C,A,B,C,A,A,D,Garysmotherfelltothefloorathomeasshewasgoingdownstairsforsomefoodoneevening.Whilehisdadwascalling120,Garybegantotakeaction_hismum.Garysaid,“I_whenIheardmydadcallingme.Iraninandfoundmymomlyingonthefloor.Ididnthavetimetothinkabout_else._Istartedtohelpher.”Garysmother_suffersfromararediseasefeltsick.Shegraduallystopped_ashersonwastryingtosaveherlife.However,the,(九),1,2,3,4,5,6,braveboykept_hertreatmentuntiltheambulancearrived.Thenshe_tohospital._tookthedoctorshourstosaveher.Shecamebacktolife.Whenshewoke,shedidntremember_hadhappened,but_wasverygratefulforhersonstogivehelpquickly.Shelatersaid,“Thedoctorssaidthatitwas_sonsfirstaidskillswhichsavedmylife.Imveryproud_him.”Garysaid,“Inever_Iwouldeverhavetodofirstaidonmyownmom.”,7,8,9,10,11,13,12,14,_cleverboyheis!Weshouldlearnfromhim.()1.A.saveB.savingC.tosaveD.saved()2.A.sleepB.amsleepingC.sleptD.wassleeping()3.A.everythingB.anythingC.nothingD.something()4.A.SoB.ButC.AndD.Or()5.A.whichB.whoC.whomD.whose()6.A.breathingB.tobreatheC.breatheD.tobreathing,15,C,D,B,A,B,A,()7.A.giveB.gaveC.givingD.togive()8.A.istakenB.wastakenC.wastakingD.took()9.A.ThisB.ThatC.SheD.It()10.A.whatB.whichC.whenD.where()11.A.herB.hersC.herselfD.she()12.A.meB.mineC.myselfD.my()13.A.forB.byC.ofD.to()14.A.thinkB.thoughtC.amthinkingD.wasthinking()15.A.WhatB.WhatanC.WhataD.How,C,B,D,A,D,D,C,B,C,Whenyoustepintoanewenvironment,youmusthaveastrongwishtofitin.Fittingin_makingmorefriends.Itcanalso_moreinfluenceonothersandgetmorechancestoliveahappierlife.Hereissome_thatcanhelpyou.Beconfident.Confidenceattractsmostpeople.Everyone_specialandthereisonlyonepersonlikeyouinthisworld.Spend_thinkingaboutyourstrongpoints.Ifso,youwillbeabletobuildup,(十),1,2,3,4,5,confidencestepbystep.Youwonthavemuchdifficulty_in.Bekindtoeveryone.Kindnessisthebridgeto_happiness.Whenpeoplenoticeyourkindness,theywillreturnitoneday.Alwaysgivemorethanyoureceive,andthinkmoreofothersthanof_.Aperson_caresforothersispopulareverywhere.Beactiveingroupactivities.Variousactivitieslikeplayingfootballcanhelpyoutobeknownto_.Youmayaddmore,6,7,8,9,10,friendstoyourcircle.Atthesametime,youwillbe_toseehowmuchtheylikeyou.Insteadofwastingtimebeingalone,goouttodanceandsingtogetherwith_todevelopfriendship.Beoptimistic.Optimismmakesbothyouandotherpeoplefeelpleased.Itmakesagoodfirstimpression.Apleasantsmilecoststhe_anddoesthemost.Humorcatchesothersattention_.Peopl