从属关系之名词性从句.ppt

名词性从句,SchoolofTranslationStudies,Nounclause,Subjectclause（主语从句）Objectclause(宾语从句)Predictclause(表语从句)Appositiveclause(同位语从句),名词性从句,SchoolofTranslationStudies,Subjectclause,Whatwelackisexperience.Howtheplanistobecarriedoutshouldbediscussedagain.,主语从句,SchoolofTranslationStudies,Subjectclause,Thatshewillsucceediscertain.Itiscertainthatshewillsucceed.Itisamysteryhowtheprisonerescaped.,主语从句,SchoolofTranslationStudies,Subjectclause,但是如以下几句就不可以用形式主语it:Whatyoulackisexperience.Whatevertheparentsdowillhaveacertaineffectontheirchildren.这样的引导词还有whoever,whichever.,主语从句,SchoolofTranslationStudies,Nounclause,Subjectclause（主语从句）Objectclause(宾语从句)Predictclause(表语从句)Appositiveclause(同位语从句),名词性从句,SchoolofTranslationStudies,Objectclause,Iwish(that)shewouldunderstandme.Heorderedthatweshouldstartatonce.IdontknowwhatshehasboughtforFathersbirthday.,作动词的宾语,SchoolofTranslationStudies,Objectclause,Whetherhecansucceeddependonhowwecooperate.Hedifferedfromhiscolleaguesinthathedevotedhissparetimetoreading.,作介词的宾语,SchoolofTranslationStudies,Objectclause,Iamafraid（that）Ivemadeamistake.Wearenotsurewhetherwecanpersuadehimoutofsmoking.,作形容词的宾语,SchoolofTranslationStudies,Nounclause,Subjectclause（主语从句）Objectclause(宾语从句)Predictclause(表语从句)Appositiveclause(同位语从句),名词性从句,SchoolofTranslationStudies,Predictclause,Itseemsthat(asif)itisgoingtorain.ThisishowJanelives.Thereasonwhy(/that)hewasdismissedisthathewascarelessandirresponsible.seem,be,look,remain,表语从句,SchoolofTranslationStudies,Nounclause,Subjectclause（主语从句）Objectclause(宾语从句)Predictclause(表语从句)Appositiveclause(同位语从句),名词性从句,SchoolofTranslationStudies,Appositiveclause,同位语从句用于对名词作进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容,同位语从句,SchoolofTranslationStudies,Appositiveclause,Thenewsthatweareinvitedtotheconferenceisveryencouraging.Therearoseaquestionwherewecouldgettheloan.,同位语从句,SchoolofTranslationStudies,同位语从句V.S.定语从句,SchoolofTranslationStudies,定从中的that既代替先行词，同时又在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语），that作宾语时常可省略；Theproposalthatheputforwardistobediscussedatthemeeting.（定语从句，that在从句中作宾语）,定语从句,SchoolofTranslationStudies,同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分，that一般不可省（但thefactthat中,that有时可省）Theproposalthatweshouldimportmoreequipmentfromabroadistobediscussedatthemeeting.(同位语从句，that不做成分）,同位语从句,SchoolofTranslationStudies,定语从句V.S.同位语从句,定从是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对它加以限定，描述它的性质或特征；同从等同于先行词，是名词性的，其功能是对名词作补充说明。,SchoolofTranslationStudies,定语从句V.S.同位语从句,Itisafactthatshehasdoneherbest.(同位语从句)Itisafactthatyoucantdeny.(定语从句),SchoolofTranslationStudies,从属关系注意事项,SchoolofTranslationStudies,注意事项1：,区别重要信息和次要信息，把重要信息放在主句中，次要信息放在从句中。主次关系颠倒，句子表达的意思的重心就全变了。比较下列句子：Shedidnoteatbecauseshewasangry.Shewasangrybecauseshedidnoteat.,SchoolofTranslationStudies,注意事项2：,要注意使用恰当的从属连词，清楚地表明主从分句之间的关系：Illogical:Becausehewastiredandthirsty,hedidnotgiveuphishopeoffindinghislostson.,SchoolofTranslationStudies,Revised:Althoughhewastiredandthirsty,hedidnotgiveuphishopeoffindinghislostson.,注意事项2：,SchoolofTranslationStudies,Revised:Althoughhewastiredandthirsty,hedidnotgiveuphishopeoffindinghislostson.,注意事项2：,SchoolofTranslationStudies,注意事项3：,不能过多使用从属关系，因为太多的从属会使句子意义模糊，表达混乱。如果在一个句子中出现两个以上的从属连词或者关系代词，就要特别注意意义表达是否清楚,SchoolofTranslationStudies,Overused:,IhaveneverbeforeknownamanlikeJohn,myfriendwhoisalwaysreadytohelpany