《形容词副词复习》PPT课件.ppt

形容词副词一形容词的作用与位置l)用作定语，修饰名词一般放在所修饰的名词之前,形容词一般放在名词前（enough作形容词放名词前后均可)aninterestingEnglishfilm多个形容词修饰名词时按以下顺序排列：限定词（冠词.指示代词.形容词性物主代词.数词等）+性质+大小/形状+老少/新旧+颜色+国籍+材料+名词eg:ThereisabigoldredChinesewooden（木质的）bedinthemuseum.,2)用作定语,修饰由不定代词onenoanysome和every构成的复合词，通常放在所修饰的词后面。Ihave_totellyou.（我有一些有趣的事情告诉你）3)用作表语，与系动词be，grow，get，become，feel，seem，look，keep.smell，taste，sound，等连用，Theweatherisgetting_（天气变得越来越暖和了）注意：alone,afraid,asleep,awake,alive,ashamed,ill,worth,glad,unable,well等只能作表语。,注意：1）某些表示健康状况的形容词只能作表语，不能用作定语，如well，ill,等当ill作定语修饰名词时，其含义相当于bad；但sick一词既可作表语,又可作定语，表示“生病”翻译：他的妈妈病了，他必须在家照顾他生病的妈妈。2）某些以a-开首的形容词例如：afraidalikealoneasleepawake等只能作表语不能作定语。3）某些以-ly结尾的词是形容词而不是副词例如：friendlylivelylovelylonelylikely，silly，等4)plentyof，alotof一般不用于疑问句和否定句中,4)用作宾语补足语Thenewsmadeeveryone_(新闻让每一个人感到高兴）5)与定冠词一起表示某一类人或物，在句中可作主语，宾语Therichandthepoorliveverydifferentlives(主语),二：副词A：副词的分类副词修饰动词、形容词、其他副词、全句或名词词组及介词副词一般可分为以下几类：1)时间副词：now，usually，often，always等2)地点副词：here，there，out，everywhere等.3)方式副词：hard，well，fast，slowly等4)程度副词：very，much，still，almost等5)疑问副词：how，When，why，where等6)关系副词：when，where，why等7)连接副词：Whether，whywhen，how等,B：副词用于修饰动词.形容词.其他副词或句子,常作状语或宾语补足语。多数副词都放在它所修饰的动词之后eg:Herunsfast.l)时间副词和地点副词的位置一般放在句尾。如果这两种副词同时出现在句中，则把地点副词放在时间副词前面，也可把时间副词放在句首起强调作用例如：TheywentboatinginZhongshanParkyesterdayYesterdaytheywentboatinginZhongshanPark频率副词常放在情态动词.助动词.be动词之后，实义动词之前（有时为了加强语气，也可放在句首）eg:Youshouldalwaysrememberthis.,Ioftenwritetohim.Weshouldalwaysworkhard.WeareneverlateHeoftencomeslate.2)程度副词一般放在被修饰词之前(enough例外)Heisverycareful.Youare_todothis.（足够大）enough作副词修饰形容词或其他副词时要后置bigenough,quicklyenough用来修饰形容词.副词的副词，要放在被修饰的形容词或副词之前。Thestoryisveryinteresting.,3)方式副词修饰不及物动词时放在被修饰词之后，修饰及物动词时，放在被修饰的动词之前或宾词之后，如宾语较长，也可把副词放在动词与宾语之间例如：Heworkshard.HespeaksEnglishverywellMrWangwrotecarefullyalettertohisfriends4)副词修饰名词时，一般放在该名词之后；修饰介词时(如well，right，just，soon等)，放在该介词前；副词修饰全句时，一般放在句首，例如：ThepersonthereislookingforyouTheresthehouse，rightinfrontofyouTrulyhewillgotoShanghai(luckilyespeciallysuddenly),C：副词的作用副词在句中作状语、表语、定语和宾语补足语例如：IworkedinBeijingalmostforthreeyears(状语)Timeisup.(表语)Thebuildingtherelooksverygrand(定语)Letthedogout(宾语补足语)注意：有些副词有两种形式，一个与形容词同形，一个以ly结尾，但它们的含义是不同的l)close接近地closely仔细地，密切地2)free免费地freely自由地，无拘束地3)hard努力地hardly几乎不,4)late晚，迟lately近来5)most极，非常mostly主要地6)wide广阔地，充分地widely广泛地7)high高highly高度地，非常地8)deep深，迟deeply抽象意义的“深”9)loud大声地loudly大声地(含有喧闹的意思)10)near邻近nearly几乎,区别几组易混淆的副词、形容词already常用于肯定句、个别疑问句yet常用于否定句、疑问句*Thetrainhasalreadygone.*Theyhaventcomebackyet.such修饰名词so修饰形容词、副词*Ihaveneverseensuchaninterestingfilm.*ThisboxissoheavythatIcantcarryit.,alone(单独、独自)作表语=byoneselflonely(孤独的)可作表语、定语*Helivedalone,buthedidntfeellonely.*Itsalonelyvillage.hard(努力地)hardly(几乎不)否定副词*Sheworksveryhard,andhehardlyhasarestonSundays.,三：形容词和副词的比较等级1原级的构成和用法l)构成：形容词，副词的原级形式是形容词，副词的原形2)用法：表示双方在程度，性质，特征等某方面相等时，用“as十原级形容词或副词十as”的结构；表示双方不相等时，用“notso(as)十原级形容词或副词十as”的结构；表示一方是另一方的若干倍时，用“倍数十as十原级形容词或副词十as”的结构只能修饰原级的词:very，quite，so，too,prettey,2比较级和最高级的构成和用法1)比较级和最高级的构成：（见课本）2）下列形容词，副词的比较级和最高级的构成不规则good/well_bad/badly/ill_many/much_little_far_old_,3)比较级的用法a表示两者（人或事物）的比较时用比较级，通常用连词than引导，表示“较”或“更一些”的意思Thispenisbetterthanthatone.b表示一方不及另一方时，用“less十原级十than”的结构表示例如：Thisroomislessbeautifulthanthatonec表示一方超过另一方的程度或数量时，可在比较前加表示程度的状语，如：alittle,abit;even;still;far,byfar;alot,agreatdeal;much,any(用于否定、疑问)；rather.等修饰Heworksevenharderthanbefore,5)几种比较级的使用句型1.“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越”*YourEnglishisgettingbetterandbetter.你的英语越来越好了。*Theseflowersaremoreandmorebeautiful.Theweatherisgetting_（越来越冷）Thegirlbecomes_(越来越活泼）,2.“the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越就越”*Themore,thebetter.越多越好。*Thebusierheis,thehappierhefeels.他越忙越高兴。_heworks，_hefeels,3.“more(less)than”表示“不止，不到”*Sheismorethanthirty.她三十多岁了。*Thelightestweighslessthan50kilograms.最轻的不到五十公斤。,4.“moreorless”表示“差不多，或多或少”*Theproblemismoreorlesssolved.这个问题差不多已经解决了。*Isitstraight?Moreorless.它直吗？差不多吧。5.“the+比较级”表“两者之最”Heisthetallerofthetwins.Myfatheristheolderofmyparents.,在比较从句中为了避免重复，我们通常用that(those)，one(ones)代替前面出现的名词。that指物，one既可指人，也可指物that可代替可数名词单数和不可数名词，而one只能代替可数名词.例如：Thebookonthetableismoreinterestingthan_onthedesk.Aboxmadeofironisstrongerthanonemadeofwood,用or连接两项需作比较的内容时，须用比较级；若or连接三项或三项以上的内容时，则须用最高级*Whoistaller,MaryorJane?*Whichisthebiggest,thesun,themoonortheearth?,g表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型：1)Aisthree(four，ete)timesthesize(height，length，width，ete)ofB例如；Thenewbuildingisfourtimesthesize(theheight)oftheoldone这座新楼是那座旧楼的四倍大(四倍高)。(这座新楼比那座旧楼大三倍高三倍)2)Aisthree(four，etc)timesasbig(high，long，wide，etc)asB例如：AsiaisfourtimesaslargeasEurope，亚洲是欧洲的四倍大(亚洲比欧洲大三倍)C)Aisthree(four，etc)timesbigger(higher，longer，wider，etc)thanBYourschoolisthreetimesbiggerthanours，你们的学校比我们的学校大三倍(你们的学校是我们学校的四倍大),4)最高级的用法三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度时，用“the十最高级”的结构表示这种句式一般常有表示比较范围的介词短语例如：ZhangHuaisthetallestofthethreeHeworks(the)hardestinhisclass.最高级可被序数词以及much，byfar，nearly，almost，等词语所修饰.：Howmuchdidthesecondmostexpensivethatcoat?表示“最高程度”的形容词，如excellent，favoriteperfect等，没有最高级，也不能用比较级形容词最高级修饰作表语或介词宾语的名词、代词时，被修饰的词往往省略Heisthetallest(boy)inhisclass作状语的副词最高级前可以不加定冠词0falltheboyshecame(the)earliest,掌握几种同义句转换1.Heistallerthananyotherstudentinhisclass.=Heistallerthantheotherstudentsinhisclass.=Heisthetallest(student)inhisclass.=Heistallerthananyoftheotherstudentsinhisclass.,2.IprefermathstoEnglish.=IlikemathsbetterthanEnglish.3.Hisfavoritesportisbasketball.=Helikesbasketballbest.4.Theboxistooheavyforhimtocarry.=Theboxissoheavythathecantcarryit.=Theboxisnotlightenoughforhimtocarry.,选择()1Whogetshomeusually_inyourfamily?A.thelatestB.laterC.earlyD.aslate()2Themorewelookedatthepicture,_.A.welikeitlessB.thelesswelikeditC.betterwelikeditD.itlookedbetter()3Whatapity.Lucyran_thanLily.A.afewmoreslowlyB.alittlemoreslowlyC.muchmoreslowlyD.littleslowlier,A,B,B,()4Dontworry.Yourbabyislookedafter_here,thenursearevery_.A.careful,carefullyB.carefully,carefulC.care,carelessD.careless,care()5Theideabecame_.Hewantedtotry_.A.strangly,itoutB.strangly,outitC.strange,itoutD.strange,outit()6Beijingis_biggestcitiesinChina.A.thefirstB.oneofC.thesecondD.second,B,C,C,用词的适当形式填空1Heworksvery_.He_hasarestonSunday.(hard)2_,hedidntfailintheexam.(luck)3Hewasso_thathecouldntbelievethis_news.(surprise)4Hewontdoit.Iwontdoit,_.(too),hard,hardly,Luckily,surprised,surprising,either,5Mr.Greenisfeeling_enoughtogotowork.(good)6Theoldmanlooksvery_thanyouthink.(friend)7Thisboxisnotso_asthatone.(heavy)8Lucyjumped_ofthefour.(high),well,morefriendly,heavy,highest,一同义句转换1.Thisroomisnotas/sobigasthatone.Thisroomis_thatone.Thatroomis_thisroom.2.Hedoesntwalkasslowlyasyou.Hewalks_thanyou.Youwalk_thanhe.3.Thistrainismuchnewerthanthatone.Thattrainismuch_thisone.,smaller,than,bigger,than,more,quickly,more,slowly,older,than,4.TomistallerthanKate.Kateis_Tom.5.TheYangtzeRiverislongerthananyotherriverinChina.TheYangtzeRiveris_inChina.6.Mikegetstoschoolearliestinhisclass.Mikegetstoschool_anyotherstudentinhisclass.7.表“二者之最”用“the+比较级+ofthetwo”“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越”“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越，就越”less+原级+than不及,shorter,than,longest,the,earlier,than,二：单项选择：1.Thestorysounds_.A.tobetrueB.astrueC.beingtrueD.true2.Thoseorangestaste_.A.goodB.wellC.tobegoodD.tobewell3.-Mum,IthinkIm_togetbacktoschool.-Notreally,mydear.Youdbetterstayathomeforanotherdayortwo.A.sowellB.sogoodC.wellenoughD.goodenough4.Thestudentsare_youngpeoplebetweentheageofsixteenandtwenty.A.mostB.almostC.mostlyD.asointeresting,D,A,C,C,5.Shetoldus_storythatweallforgotthetime.A.suchaninterestingB.suchinterestingC.soaninterestingD.asointeresting6.Itisimpossibleforso_workerstodoso_workinasingleday.A.few;muchB.few;manyC.little;muchD.little;many7.Thehorseisgettingoldandcantrun_itdid.A.asfasterasB.sofastthanC.sofasterasD.asfastas8.Jimmyistheoldestboyandistallerthan_boyintheclass.A.theotherB.anyotherC.eachD.all,A,A,A,D,B,9.Canadaislargerthan_countryinAsia.A.anyB.anyotherC.otherD.another10.Idbeenexpecting_lettersthewholemorningbuttherewerent_forme.A.some;anyB.many;afewC.some;oneD.afew;none11.Jacks_brotheris_thanhim.A.old;elderB.elder;olderC.old;eldD.elder;younger12.Thismagazineis_reading,soheadvisedme_it.A.worth;tobuyB.worth;buyingC.worthy;buyingD.worthy;tobuy,A,A,B,A,15.-Wouldyouliketojoinus?-Sorry,Iamnot_asanyofyou.A.sogoodplayerB.asogoodplayerC.sogoodaplayerD.asuchgoodpalyer17.Wehaveplanedthousandsoftreesintreesinrecentyears.Thisyear_weveplantedtenthousandtrees.A.evenB.justC.aloneD.only18.-Whatstheweatherlikeinwinterhere?-Its_warmerinwinterherethaninyourhometown.A.veryB.fairlyC.quiteD.rather,C,C,D,21.-Lucy,doyouhavearuler?-Yes,Ido.Butits_.A.verysmalloneB.anonlysmallrulerC.quitesnallrulerD.onlyasmallone22.Theexperimentwas_easierthanwehadexpected.A.moreB.muchmoreC.muchD.moremuch25.Johnwassosleepythathecouldhardlykeephiseyes_.A.openB.tobeopenedC.toopenD.opening26.-Areyoufeeling_?-Yes,Imfinenow.AanywellB.anybetterC.quitegoodD.quitebetter,D,C,A,B,27.Whichis_country,CanadaorAustralia?A.alargeB.largerC.alargarD.thelarger28.-WillyougivethismessagetoMrWhite,please?-Sorry,Icant.He_.A.doesntanymoreworkhereB.doesntanylongerhereworkC.doesntworkanymorehereD.doesntworkhereanylonger29.How_canyoufinishthedrawing?A.oftenB.soonC.longD.far,B,D,D,D,32.Shedoesntspeak_herfriends,butherwrittenworkisexcellent.A.aswellasB.asoftenasC.somuchasD.asgoodas33.-Ifyoudontliketheredcoat,taketheblueone.-OK,butdoyouhave_sizeinblue?Thisonesabitsmallforme.A.abigB.abiggerC.thebigD.thebigger35.Iftherewerenoexaminations,weshouldhave_atschool.A.thehappiesttimeB.amorehappiertimeC.muchhappiesttimeD.amuchhappiertime,A,B,D,36.-Haveyoufinishedyourreportyet?-No,Illfinishin_tenminutes.A.anotherB.other