《概要写作》PPT课件.ppt

概要写作summary,Whatisasummary?Asummaryisabriefstatementthatgivesonlythemainpointsofsomething,notthedetails.牛津高阶英汉双解词典,1,考纲要求,1.考纲要求,概要写作。提供一篇350词以内的短文，要求考生基于该短文写出一篇60词左右（少于40或多于80词扣两分）的内容概要。阅卷时主要考虑以下内容：1.对原文要点的理解和呈现情况；2.应用语法结构和词汇的准确性；3.上下文的连贯性；4.对各要点表达的独立性情况。,2,写作特点,2.写作特点,bethorough,bebrief,restate/ownwords,beobjective,3写作步骤,分段,阅读,找要点,改写,修改,Readtwoorthreetimestofindthestructure.,Dividethewholepassageintoseveralpartsandfindthekeypointofeachpart.,Rewritethekeypointsbyusingyourownwords.,Polishthewholepassage.,阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Weshouldntjudgeapersonbytheirappearancebutwedo.Infact,theexpertssaythatwhenwemeetsomeoneforthefirsttimewemakeadecisionaboutwhatthatpersonislikeinthreeseconds.Butwhatdowelookat?Oneofthemostimportantthingsisclothes,butitisntthebrandofclothesthatpeoplewearthatisimportant.Theimportantthingistoweartherightclothesfortheoccasion.Schoolshavealwaysunderstoodthisandalotofthemasktheirstudentstowearauniform.Why?Alotofteachersthinkauniformmakesstudentsfeelthattheyarepartoftheirschoolandthattheiruniformhelpsthemtobeseriousabouttheirstudies.Teacherssaythatuniformscanhelpinotherwaystoo.Ifallthestudentswearuniforms,theycantjudgeeachotherbecauseoftheirclothes.Italsoavoidsargumentsaboutwhoorwhatisfashionable.However,itisnotonlyschoolsthatwantpeopletodressinacertainway.Weallhavefixedideasaboutwhatthepeopleinacertainprofessionshouldwear.Ifwevisitadoctor,weexpecttoseerespectableclothesunderthedoctorswhitecoat.Whenwegointoabankweexpectthestafftowearsuitsordresses.Policeofficerswearuniformstodetercrimebyestablishingavisiblepresencewhileonpatrol,tomakethemselveseasilyidentifiabletonon-policeofficersortheircolleagueswhorequireassistance,andtoquicklyidentifyeachotheratcrimescenesforeaseofcoordination.Infact,alotofcompanieshavedresscodesfortheirstaffbecausetheyknowthatthecustomersexpecttoseethemdressedincertaintypesofclothes.Butcanourclothesreallytellpeoplewhatwearelike?Maybenot,buttheycanshowourattitudetowhatwearedoingatthemoment.Whenpeopleseeusintherightclothes,theythinkweareseriousaboutwhatwearedoing.Furthermore,ifweareclean,smartandpolite,peoplewillhaveconfidenceinus.,Para.1,Para.3,Para.2,Para.4,Beforewriting:,Read,forstructureandkeypoints,ReadingforStructure,Howmanypartscanwedividethepassage?Para1：Part1topicpara2:evidence/examplepara3:evidence/example,Part2supportingdetails,para4:Part3conclusion,HowtoGetKeyPoints?,topicsentenceforeachparagraph,Find:,thefirst/lastsentence/jointhemtogether,Summarizeinyourownwords,ReadforKeyPoints,Para.1Weshouldntjudgeapersonbytheirappearancebutwedo.Infact,theexpertssaythatwhenwemeetsomeoneforthefirsttimewemakeadecisionaboutwhatthatpersonislikeinthreeseconds.Butwhatdowelookat?Oneofthemostimportantthingsisclothes,butitisntthebrandofclothesthatpeoplewearthatisimportant.Theimportantthingistoweartherightclothesfortheoccasion.,_,_,Point1,_,ReadforKeyPoints,Para.2Schoolshavealwaysunderstoodthisandalotofthemasktheirstudentstowearauniform.Why?Alotofteachersthinkauniformmakesstudentsfeelthattheyarepartoftheirschoolandthattheiruniformhelpsthemtobeseriousabouttheirstudies.Teacherssaythatuniformscanhelpinotherwaystoo.Ifallthestudentswearuniforms,theycantjudgeeachotherbecauseoftheirclothes.Italsoavoidsargumentsaboutwhoorwhatisfashionable.,_,_,1._,_,2._,Point2,_,3._,_,4._,_,benefits,ReadforKeyPoints,Para.3However,itisnotonlyschoolsthatwantpeopletodressinacertainway.Weallhavefixedideasaboutwhatthepeopleinacertainprofessionshouldwear.Ifwevisitadoctor,weexpecttoseerespectableclothesunderthedoctorswhitecoat.Whenwegointoabankweexpectthestafftowearsuitsordresses.Policeofficerswearuniformstodetercrimebyestablishingavisiblepresencewhileonpatrol,tomakethemselveseasilyidentifiabletonon-policeofficersortheircolleagueswhorequireassistance,andtoquicklyidentifyeachotheratcrimescenesforeaseofcoordination.Infact,alotofcompanieshavedresscodesfortheirstaffbecausetheyknowthatthecustomersexpecttoseethemdressedincertaintypesofclothes.,_,_,Point3,_,_,ReadforKeyPoints,Para.4Butcanourclothesreallytellpeoplewhatwearelike?Maybenot,buttheycanshowourattitudetowhatwearedoingatthemoment.Whenpeopleseeusintherightclothes,theythinkweareseriousaboutwhatwearedoing.Furthermore,ifweareclean,smartandpolite,peoplewillhaveconfidenceinus.,_,_,_,_,_,Point4,ListtheKeyPoints,Afterreading:,restate,thekeypointsinyourownwords,inadifferentway,Howtorestate?,2.usesynonyms(同义词的运用),3.summarizeexamples(概括),binesentences(合并句子),4.sometimeschangethevoice(主被动语态转换),1.changethesentencestructure(句型转换),Examplesofrestatingthekeypoints,Wearingrightclothesforoccasionsissignificant.Sincejudgingapersonbytheirappearanceisunavoidable,wearingproperclothesfordifferentoccasionsismorethanvital.Clothesshouldbewornsuitablyfordifferentoccasions,Examplesofrestatingthekeypoints,Studentsarerequiredtowearuniformsforvariousbenefits.Teachersthinkuniformscanmakestudentseriousabouttheirstudyseriouslyandavoidarguments.wearinguniformsatschoolcanhelpstudentsbecomeseriousabouttheirstudyandavoidmanyproblems,Examplesofrestatingthekeypoints,Differentjobsneeddifferentclothesforcustomersexpectations.,Peopleshouldattachimportancetowhattheywearincertainways.,Differentprofessionsshoulddressthemselvesincertainways.,Examplesofrestatingthekeypoints,Suitableclothescanshowothersweareseriousandconfident.,Suitableclothescanmakeotherawareofourseriousnessandconfidence.,Properclothescanpresentourattitudessuchasbeingseriousandconfident.,Afterwriting:,Useproperconjunctions(连接词）topolishyourpassage.,Introduction:Thepassage/articlefocuseson/mainlytellsus表转折：but,however,though,although表并列、递进：aswellas,inadditionto,notonly.butalso,besides,whatsmore,furthermore,.表对比：meanwhile,ontheotherhand,onthecontrary,contrast,.表列举：firstly/secondly/finally/.表原因：because(of),dueto,onaccountof,.;for表举例：forexample/instance,such