thewaytorainymountain词汇.ppt

Para1,Itisanoldlandmark.,anyprominentorwell-knownfeatureofaparticularlandscape,suchasatree,ahillorabuildingservingtoidentifyaparticularlocality,(synonym)turningpoint,watershed(分水岭;分水线2.转折点3.流域)1.界标2.目标,明显的标志3.里程碑4.有历史意义的建筑物（或遗址)Isthereanylandmarkthere?那有什么标志吗？Leavingherfirstjobwasawatershedinherlife.,Winter-blizzards暴风雪Spring-tornadicwinds龙卷风Summer-ananvilsedge铁砧边缘一样热和硬Grass-brittle，brown又脆又黄cracks裂开的声音,Thegrassturnsbrittleandbrown.(para1)Therearegreenbeltsalongtheriversandcreeks,willowandwitchhazel.(para1)Greatgreen-andyellowgrasshoppersareeverywhereintallgrass(para1),Alliteration(头韵法):therepetitionofaninitialsound,usuallyofaconsonantintwoormorewordsofaphrase,alineofpoetry,etc.brittleandbrown,willowandwitchhazel,greatgreen-and-yellowgrasshoppers,easilybrokenandcrackedbecauseitishardandinflexible.,Foliage:植物的叶子(总称）；叶子及梗和枝eg:Mosttreeslosetheirfoliageinwinter.大多数树木在冬天落叶。Whithe:totwistandturnthebodyasinagnoy.（因极度痛苦而）扭动或翻滚eg:Hewaswrithingonthegroundinagony.他痛苦地在地上打滚。,Allthingsintheplainareisolate;thereisnoconfusionofobjectsintheeye.(para.1),平原上的一切都是疏离开来的，所见之物不会混杂在一起让人看不清楚。,Thewordeyeisusedinthesingularnottomeantheconcreteorganofsight,butmanspowerofseeingorobserving.Someotheridiomswiththewordeyeinthesingularform:,Tohaveyoureyeonsomething,Nottoseeeyetoeye,Tohaveagoodeyeforsomething,Tobegoodatnoticingandrecognizingwhatisattractive,valuable,Tohavenoticedsomething,Todisagreewithsomeone,Morecomplicatedthanitseemstobeatfirst,Tomyeye,Inmyopinion,Morethanmeetstheeye,para3,ButwarfarefortheKiowaswaspreeminentlyamatterofdispositionratherthanofsurvival.,muchmoreimportantly,aparticulartypeofcharacterwhichmakessomeonemorelikelytobehaveorreactinacertainway;temperament；aninclination,tendency,WarfarewasimportantfortheKiowasmorebecauseoftheirmilitanttendencythanbecauseoftheirneedforsurvival.TheKiowasoftenfoughtjustbecausetheyweregoodwarriors,becausetheyfoughtoutofhabit,character,naturenotbecausetheyneededextralandsormaterialgainsforthesakeofsurvivingandthriving.,出于本性,amatterofdisposition指人的主要爱好或思想、精神方面的重要习性、气质。也可指短暂的情绪。,grim:冷酷的，无情的eg:Hisexpressionwasgrimwhenhetoldthemthatwheyhadlosttheirjobs.当他告诉他们说他们已经被解雇时，他的表情十分冷酷。讨厌的，糟糕的eg:Ivehadagrimday.我渡过了不愉快的一天。Unrelenting:持续不断的，不松懈的，不屈不饶的eg:Hewasunrelentinginhispursuitoflegalmandate.他坚决要求得到合法的托管权。,Mygrandmotherwassparedthehumiliationofthosehighgraywallsbyeightortenyears.,-Luckily,mygrandmotherdidnotsufferthehumiliationofbeingputintoaclosureforholdinganimals,forshewasborneightortenyearsaftertheevent.TheKiowaswerehumiliatedbecausetheyweretreatedlikeanimals.,tosaveorfreeapersonfromsth.,免除，省去,butshemusthaveknowfrombirththeafflictionofdefeat,thedarkbroodingofoldwarriors.,-Fromherearlychildhood,shemusthaveheardwhathadhappenedfromherparentsandgrandparents.Thereforeshemusthaveknownthegreatpainanddistressbroughtbydefeat,andshemusthaveseenhowtheyhadkeptthinkingabouttheirdefeatinagloomyandhopelessway.,tokeepthinkaboutsomethinginadistressedortroubledway.郁闷的，沉思的,para4,Itwasalongjourneytothedawn.,Theymovedtowardtheeast,wherethesunrises,andalsotowardthebeginningofanewplainsculture,whichledtothegreatmoment(goldenage)intheirhistory.,2meanings:daybreakandthebeginningofsomething.,Thesun,Theneweraoftheirhistory,Theyacquiredhorses,andtheirancientnomadicspiritwassuddenlyfreeoftheground.,Withhorses,theysuddenlybecamehorsemengallopingonhorsebackinsteadofnomads(游牧部落人)walkingonfootallthetimeasbefore.Theirancientnomadicspiritwasliberatedfromtheground.,TheyacquiredTai-me,thesacredSunDancedoll,fromthatmoment,theobjectandsymboloftheirworship,andsosharedinthedivinityofthesun.,TheycameintopossessionofTai-me,theobjectandsymboloftheirworship,i.e.theSunDancereligion.Thisobjectwasworshipedbyallthetribesthatregardedthesunasdeitydi:iti:/god.神,inallthetribesthatregardedthesunasgod,Notleast,theyacquiredthesenseofdestiny,thereforecourageandpride.,lastbutnotleast,equallyimportant同样重要的是,Fromonepointofview,theirmigrationwasthefruitofanoldprophecy,forindeedtheyemergedfromasunlessworld.,inasense,inaway从某种程度上说,originmyth.起源神话.,themountainsofwesternMontanawheretheyhadlivedbeforetheirmigrationtotheGreatPlains.Thosemountainsweresohighandwerecoveredwithsuchdenseforeststhatthesunlightcouldnotpenetrateorpassthroughthem.,Inasense,theirmigrationconfirmedtheancientmyththattheyenteredtheworldfromahollowlog,fortheydidemergefromthesunlessworldofthemountains.,Althoughmygrandmotherlivedoutherlifethecontinentalinteriorlaylikememoryinherblood.,AlthoughmygrandmotherneverlefttheRainyMountain,theimmenselandscapeoftheGreatPlainslayinhermemoryasifshehadlivedthereherself.ThecontinentalinteriorreferstotheGreatPlains,Iwantedtoseeinrealitywhatshehadseenmoreperfectlyinthemindseye,seesthinreality:seesthwithonesowneyes见识inthemindseye:inimagination想象中的,心目中的whatshehadseenmoreperfectly:herperfectworld,AhohadneverbeentoplaceslikeBlackHills,butshehadseenthemquitewellinimagination,forshehadheardsomuchaboutthemfromtheoldergenerations.ItisthroughtheoraltraditiontheatKiowacultureheritagehasbeenhandeddownfromgenerationtogeneration.,reckon,认为，估计，把.看作指望，想要，猜想tocalculateanamount,anumber,etceg.Doyoustillreckonhimamongyourfriends?(你还认为他是你的朋友吗？)Dontreckonthegainandlossthatclearly;justletitbe.(别把得失算的那么清楚，一切顺其自然吧）reckonwith:估计到，预料到，处理，对付eg.Theyhadmanydifficultiestoreckonwith.(他们有许多困难奥应付）reckonon:依靠，指望eg.Werereckoningonyoursupport.（我们正指望着你的支持）,stature,1.naturalheightofthebody身高2.名望eg.Shewasrathersmallinstature.(她身材矮小）statue-站着的姿势-塑像status-站立的位置-地位stature-站立的高度-身高statute-已确立之物-法令,descend,vimovefromahigherleveltoalowerone下落，下降（from)起源于，是.的后裔（to)把身份降至，沦为vt走下，爬下descendfrom:1.从.下来2.由.传下来.eg.AccordingtoDarwinstheoryofevolution,manisdescendingfrontheapes.descendon/upon:突然袭击，突然拜访eg.Thetroopsdescendedupontheenemycamp.descendto(doing)sth:1.下降到2.堕落成eg.Hedescendedtobegging.,luxuriant,adj.markedbycomplexityandrichnessofdetail;producedorgrowinginextremeabundance繁茂的；丰富的；奢华的；肥沃的(须发)浓密的;健康的Eg:Thereweretwoverylargeoaktreesinfrontofourhousewithwidespreadingbranchesandluxuriantfoliage.那时我们家门口有两棵枝广叶茂的大橡树。Hairthatsthickandluxuriantneedsregulartrimming.健康浓密的头发需要定期修剪。,billow,n.波浪般滚滚向前的东西（如烟、火等）巨浪，波涛vi（ofsmoke,cloud,orsteam)moveorflowwithanundulatingmotion(波浪似的）翻滚，汹涌eg.Anangrybillowalmostswallowedtheship.(怒涛几乎吞没了这条船）eg.Flamesandsmokebillowedovertheprairie.(草原上空烟火滚滚）,Precisely,Adv.Preciselymeansaccuratelyandexactly;justasitshouldbe准确地,精确地；恰恰eg:ThatspreciselywhatIdontwantyoutodo.那恰恰是我不想让你做的。Thefirstbellrangatprecisely10:29a.m.第一遍铃声在上午10：29准时响起。,profusion,n.极丰富,大量浪费,挥霍慷慨大方eg.aprofusionoffruitsonthemarket市场上大量的各种水果eg.flowersbloominginprofusion盛开的花朵eg.Heisliberaltoprofusion.他挥霍无度。,veer,vi.toturnorswingaround(人、风、道路等）转向，改变方向（话题、感情等）改变Eg.Theplaneveeredofftherunwayandcrashedthroughtheperimeterfence.这架飞机突然偏离了跑道并且冲断了周边的护栏。,wean,V.使断奶使脱离,使疏远(from);使断绝(from)eg.Hewassentawaytoschooltoweanhimfrombadcompanions.(送他上学,以便与坏的伙伴断绝来往。),crust,n.(一片）面包皮，糕饼等的酥皮外壳，硬的表面theexteriorportionoftheearth地壳eg.Hethrewthecrustofbreadaway.(他扔掉了面包皮）eg.movementoftheearthscrust(地壳运动）,engender,v.tomakeafeelingorsituationexist产生，造成，引起eg.Tblemsengenderedbytherestructuringofthecompany,tremble,vi发抖，颤栗，焦虑，摇晃vt.使挥动，用颤抖的声音说出n.颤抖，战栗，摇晃eg.Inotherplacesitseemsheenjoyedtheslighttrembleandwanderofhishand.(在其他地方，他似乎挺满意手上轻微的颤抖和晃动。）,score,n.(比赛中的）比分，得分（记录）（学生考试的）分数乐谱刻痕二十v.得分，获分记下，记住，计算记入总谱，作成管弦乐makeacut,scratchon(asurface)在某物上刻痕，划痕inscore大量地，大批地onthatscore在那一点上，就那么一点来说scoresof许多，大量与数词（或many，several）连用时不加S,tenuous,纤细的，脆弱的稀薄的，贫乏的eg.Ifourselfrespectisbasedonthepraiseofother,thenourselfrespectwillbeverytenuous.(如果我们的自我尊重建立在他人的表扬之上，那么这种自我尊重将是非常脆弱的）,reverencen.崇敬；尊严；敬礼v.敬畏，尊敬eg.Inallheractions,herreverenceforherhusbandwastheonethingthatstoodout.（在她的一切行为当中，对于丈夫的尊敬是最突出的）awevt.使敬畏，使畏怯n.敬畏eg.Ileavetheshutteropenandjustsitinaweofitall.(我让快门一直打开，坐在一边，对大自然的一切充满敬畏）,havecomealongway,tohavedevelopedorchangedalot.eg.Womeninleadershiphavecomealongway,buttheystillhavealongwaytogo.女性在领导权上已经走了很长一段路，不过，她们的道路仍然很漫长。Wehavecomealongwayinthiscountry,andwecannotallowcomplacencyornaivettopreventusfromfinishingthejourney.在我们这个国家，我们还有一段很长的路要走，我们不能允许自满或天真来阻止我们完成这段旅程。,rite,仪式，典礼惯例，习俗eg.lastrites：(宗）临终祈祷eg.riteofpassage:通过仪式，人生大事及其庆祝仪式eg.ThefestivaldescendsfromaChineserite.(这个节日源自一个中国的仪式。）,consummate,vt.使结束,使完美Weconsummatedanagreementafterayearofnegotiation.经过一年的谈判,我们达成了协议。,impale,v.topushasharppointedobjectthroughsth刺穿，钉住impaleon/upon:钉在eg.ButnowImworriedthatweregoingtoimpaleourcar,orevenourselvesonthemetalbarsstickingoutfromthehouse.,barter,v.toexchagegoods,work,orservicesforothergoodsorservicesratherthanformoney以物易物。以等价物交换barteraway:把.便宜地卖掉barter（withsb.)forsth./bartersthforsth:物物交换，以货易货,slaughter,V.屠宰，屠杀，杀戮使惨败n.屠宰，屠杀，杀戮，消灭eg.slaughterhouse屠宰场eg.Aspresident,Irefusedtowaitfortheimagesofslaughterandmassgravesbeforetakingaction,(作为总统，我拒绝等待在看到屠杀和集体坟场的场面时采取行动）,posture,姿势；姿态；仪态；体位态度；立场情形；形势；态势；状态(物体各部分的)布置；相对位置心境，心情；精神准备模特儿摆的姿势身体的扭曲；装模作样的姿势(或样子)bodyposture体位；姿态；身体姿式,.,peculiar,adj.特殊的；独特的；奇怪的；罕见的n.特权；特有财产,Mr.Kennethasaratherpeculiarsenseofhumour.肯尼特先生有一种相当不寻常的幽默感。搭配：bepeculiarto为。所独有peculiarityn.奇怪，怪癖,skillet,asmallfrying-pan煎锅,wearaway,v.cutawayinsmallpieces同义词：whittleawaywhittledowndiminish,asbyfriction同义词：wearoffbecomegrounddownordeteriorate磨损；消磨；流逝e.g.Thatiswhythemachinepartswearawayduringuse.这就是机器零件在使用中磨损的原因。,opaque,upeikadj.notclear;nottransmittingorreflectinglightorradiantenergyopaquewindowsofthejail;opaquetoX-raysnotclearlyunderstoodorexpressed同义词：unintelligibleadj.不透明的；不传热的；迟钝的n.不透明物vt.使不透明；使不反光,feastfi:st,.n.筵席，宴会；节日aceremonialdinnerpartyformanypeople同义词：banquetsomethingexperiencedwithgreatdelightafeastfortheeyesamealthatiswellpreparedandgreatlyenjoyedtheThanksgivingfeast同义词：banquetspreadanelaborateparty(oftenoutdoors)同义词：fetefiestav.享受；款待，宴请partakeinafeastorbanquet同义词：banquetjunketprovideafeastorbanquetfor同义词：banquetjunketgratify同义词：feed,Thefruitwasoftenservedatweddingfeasts.婚宴上常有水果供应。Shestoodfeastinghereyesontheview.她站着尽情欣赏着那片景色。短语：feaston尽情欣赏；尽情享受；大吃大喝Feastoneseyeson大饱眼福e.g.Heputsomebranandsomeparsleyintohisbag,andthenwaitedforsomeinnocentrabbittofeastonthedainties.他在袋子里放了一些麸皮和香菜，然后就等一些无知的兔子来享受美味了。,kerosenekersin,n.aflammablehydrocarbonoilusedasfuelinlampsandheaters煤油，火油相关短语：aviationkerosene喷气机用煤油，航空煤油kerosenelamp煤油灯keroseneengine煤油引擎，煤油机；煤油发动机,lean,V.toinclineorbendfromaverticalposition倾斜，使依靠搭配：leanupon:倚靠，依靠leanonsb.forhelp:倚靠某人帮助e.g.Eileenleanedacrossandopenedthepassengerdoor.艾琳探过身来打开了乘客门。,amplempl,adj.丰富的；足够的；宽敞的morethanenoughinsizeorscopeorcapacityhadamplefoodfortheparty;anamplesupplyaffordinganabundantsupplyhadamplefoodfortheparty同义词：copiousplenteousplentifulrichfairlylargeanamplewaistline;ofampleproportions同义词：sizablesizeable,e.g.Therellbeampleopportunitytorelax,swimandsoakupsomesun.将会有充足的机会来放松、游泳和接受一些阳光。词组：amplefor广大的,足够的ampleforsbsneeds足够应付某人的需要S+be+prep.-phraseThirtydollarswillbeampleforthepurpose.有30美元足够用了。Themoneyhermothergaveherwasampleforlunches.母亲给她的钱足够吃午饭用。,indulge,ndldvt.迁就，纵容；使满足；使（自己）沉溺于；使快乐vi.纵容；满足；沉溺Ineverindulgechildrenwithplentyofpocketmoney.我从不放任子女，给他们大量零用钱。,短语indulgeinsth.尽情享受某事物indulgeoneself恣纵己意Indulgegames沉溺游戏Everyoneshouldindulgeinfantasyonoccasion.每个人都应偶尔沉浸在想像之中。,.,elaborate,ilbritadj.复杂的；精心制作的；（结构）复杂的；精巧的vi.adddetails,astoanaccountoridea;clarifythemeaningofand