动词和动词短语考点例析.ppt

动词和动词短语考点例析,动词,动词是英语中最灵活、最难掌握的词，在历年高考题试题中动词所占比例最大，设题时往往都是给出四个不同的动词或短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词短语意义的理解和运用能力。主要出现在单项选择及完形填空中。,1.动词的词义,(1)Modernplasticscan_veryhighandverylowtemperatures.（2005山东29）A.standB.holdC.carryD.support【答案及解析】选A。stand忍受某事物，经受得起。例如：Hecantstandhotweather.hold支撑住，承受重量；support支持，支撑重量，养活；carry携，带，搬动。显然不符合题意。,(2)-Howabouteightoclockoutsidethecinema?-That_mefine(全国河南、河北、山东、福建26)AfitsBmeetsCsatisfiesDSuits【答案及解析】选D。A表示大小、色彩等适合；B表示碰见某人或满足需要等；C表示使某人满意；D可表示时间、场合等适合某人或者对某人方便。根据语境可知，8点钟对后者非常方便，故选D。,(3)Johnwaslateforthebusinessmeetingbecausehisflighthadbeen_byaheavystorm(2004辽宁卷33)AkeptBstoppedCslowedDdelayed【答案及解析】选D。选项A表示保持；B的意思是：停止，阻止；C的意思是：减速，放慢；D是：延误，耽搁。根据句子及选项的意思，答案选D，表示他的航班被延迟了。,(4)Afterthetrainerwassurethatthewhalecouldlookafteritself，he_itintothesea(2004上海卷47)AtransportedBunloadedCreleasedDhandled【答案及解析】选C。transported意思是：运输；unloaded意思是：卸卜；handled意思为：处理，操纵，运用。这些词都与句子意思不符，予以排除。而release意为：释放，还以自由，与题意相符，故答案选c。,2.动词搭配,（1）FromthenonIvealwaystriedto_44_theprincipleinmylifeandlaterinrunningmycompany.（2005山东完形）A.reviseB.setC.reviewD.follow【答案及解析】选D。followtheprinciple遵循这一原则。,（2）Nickislookingforanotherjobbecausehefeelsthatnothinghedoes_hisbossAservesBsatisfiesCpromiseDsupports【答案及解析】选B。thatnothinghedoes_hisboss是一个宾语从句，在这个从句中，hedoes是定语，限制前面的nothing，而实际上nothing是宾语从句的主语，hisboss是宾语从句的宾语，单从谓语与宾语的关系来看，四个答案都可以，但从主、谓、宾的搭配来看，选项A、C、D的主语应该是人，而不能是事nothing，只有选项B的主语必须是事或物，故选B。,(3)Onhearingthenewsoftheaccidentinthecoalmine，she_pale(2004湖北卷30)A.gotBchangedCwentDappeared【答案及解析】选C。选项A作系动词时，表示人为所致成一个相对长的过程；B是实义动词，不能接形容词作表语；C表示情况变坏、糟糕；D表示表面是这样而事实上并非如此。根据句子及动词的意思，答案选c。,(4)Happybirthday，Alice!Soyouhave_twenty-onealready!(2004天津卷25)AbecomeBturnedCgrownDpassed【答案及解析】选B。选项A表示身份的变化，C表示状态的变化(growold)，显然它们与意思不符，应排除；选项B、D都可表示：(时刻的)超过，但选项B的主语必须是人或事；而D的主语是时间段。因此，根据句子的意思，答案选B。,3.动词短语,很多动词与介词或副词连在一起构成固定的搭配从而形成动词短语或短语动词，不能随意更改。如：makeout，makeup，makeoff，makeover，makeinto；giveup，givein，giveaway，giveout，giveoff，etc而这些短语的辨析，也备受历年高考命题者的青睐。解答该题型的关键是根据所给动词短语的意思，结合题干作出正确选择。在平时的学习中应特别注意多积累一些习惯用语。,(1)Whatshallweuseforpowerwhenalltheoilintheworldhas_？（2005山东32）A.givenoutB.putoutC.heldupD.usedup【答案及解析】选A。giveout用完，耗尽；putout扑灭，把某物放在外边，发布/出版等；holdup阻碍或延误某人/物，以武力/暴力威胁抢劫；usedup是最大的干扰项，useup表示把某物用完/尽，是及物动词短语，这里要用被动语态。故答案只能选A。,(2)Itwas_46_agreatdealoftime,andtheheadmasterofmyschoolgaveme（2005山东完形）A.takingupB.makingupC.pickingupD.keepingup【答案及解析】选A。takeuptime占据时间；makeup编造，组成；pickup捡起，接收（节目），接人，学会等；keepup继续，维持。,(3)JohnisleavingforLondontomorrowandIwill_him_attheairport.(2005广东)A.SendawayB.seeoffC.leaveoffD.showaround【答案及解析】选B。为某人送行see.off这是一个习惯用语。,(4)Beforethewarbrokeout，manypeople_insafeplacespossessionstheycouldnottakewiththem(2004重庆卷26)AthrewawayBputawayCgaveawayDcarriedaway【答案及解析】选B。由空格后内容可知，人们把不能带走的财产藏在安全地方。B项意为收拾，贮藏故为正确答案。而选项A的意思是扔掉；C是分发、泄露、出卖；D是冲走，与语境不符，都予以排除。,(5)-_fortheglass!-ItsOKImwearingshoes(2004湖南卷22)ALookoutBWalkoutCGooutDSetout【答案及解析】选A。考查短语动词的意思区别及与语境意思的联系。首先我们要正确区别短语动词的意思，选项A的意思是“当心，小心”；B是“罢工、罢课、退席”；C是“出去，滚出去”；D是“出发，开始”。再根据句子的语境，从后者的回答中可推知前句的意思是：当心玻璃。故答案选A。,Practice,1SomeofthestudentshavealreadylearnedenoughEnglishto_aconversationwithanativeEnglishspeaker.A.holdonB.keeponC.goonD.carryon2Youdbetterflysomewhereinthewest.Thenyoucan_ahirecarandtravelaround.A.takeupB.getonC.pickupD.turnon,D,C,3WeveinvitedMrandMrsBrowntodinner.Butwellhaveto_becauseofthebabyssickness.A.tookupB.madeupC.gaveupD.putoff4Theyhave_mostcarefullythetimeandmoneyneededtocompletetheproject.A.pickedoutB.leftoutC.figuredoutD.takenout,D,C,C表示主观想法,pickout挑出，选出；leaveout漏掉；figureout算出；takeout拿出，,5Theactresswhohadbeenthoughthighlyof_tobeagreatdisappointment.A.turnedupB.turnedoutC.turneddownD.turnedin6Itsagoodidea.Butwhosgoingto_theplan?IthinkTomandMikewill.A.carryoutB.getthroughC.takeinD.setaside,B,A,carryout执行，实行；getthrough完成，度过，通过；takein吸收，领会；setaside不理会，搁置、留出时间/金钱等。,7Mostpeopledidntacceptthetheorywhenitwasfirst_.A.setaboutB.setoffC.putforwardD.putout8Withoutproperlessons,youcould_alotofbadhabitswhenplayingthepiano.A.giveupB.catchupC.keepupD.pickup,C,D,setabout着手；setoff出发，激发；putforward提出；putout扑灭,9Theyseeyouassomethingofaworrier，_problemswhichdontexistandcrossingbridgeslongbeforeyoucometothemAsettlingBdiscoveringCseeingDdesigning10Ifyouarefeelingsotired，perhapsalittlesleepwould_AactBhelpCserveD1ast,C,B,既然不存在，也就谈不上解决或发现.see设想、想象,1.Theteacheraskedtheclasstoput_theirbooks.A.awayB.byC.onD.up2.Thesportsmeetwillbeput_tillnextweekbecauseofthebadweather.A.offB.upC.onD.down3.Anewplaywillbeput_atthetheater.A.offB.upC.onD.out4.Hewastooexcitedtoputtheidea_words.A.withB.inC.toD.into5.Bythetimethefire-enginearrived,thefirehadbeenput_bythepeoplethere.A.downB.outC.offD.away,6.Nosoonerhadheput_thereceiverthanthebellrangagain.A.outB.downC.awayD.off7.AlistofthenewLeaguememberswas_andthepupilslookedatitanddiscussed.A.putawayB.putupC.turnedupD.turnedon8.Isthatyou,MrBrown?Pleaseputme