名词性从句(星级课).ppt

名词性从句NounClauses,高三语法专题复习,名词性从句,从句简介，知识回放,强化考点，走出误区,巩固加强，真题演练,1.名词：表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。2.名词在句子当中一般可以作什么成分?TheboyisLiMing.,I相关概念,主语,表语,Mr.Wang,a24-year-oldboy,teachesusEnglish.,主语,同位语,宾语,3.什么是名词性从句?,在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当,这个句子就叫名词性从句。,1.Whenwewillstartisnotclear.2.Shewontbelievethathersonhasbecomeathief.3.Myideaisthatweshoulddoitrightnow.4.Ihadnoideathatyouwereherfriend.,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,名词性从句的种类,II.名词性从句的引导词：,从属连词：that、if、whether,无意义,2.连接代词：who、whom、whose、what、which,3.连接副词：when、where、why、how,“是否”,作主/宾/表,Thats_animalsshouldbekeptinthezoo.Thats_theirhabitatcanbedestroyed.,why,because,考点一：区别that,what与which考点二：区别whether与if考点三：区别what,whatever,与nomatterwhat.考点四：it作形式主语或形式宾语考点五：名词性从句的语序考点六：名词性从句中的虚拟问题考点七：定语从句与同位语从句,名词性从句考点归纳:,考点1：连接词：that与what的区别,Whathesaidmakesmehappy.Thatanewteacherwillcomeistrue.,that只起连接作用，无意义，在从句中不充当任何成分,且在宾语从句中有时可省。what既起连接作用,又在从句中作主语,宾语,表语(且在名词性从句中只有what可作表语）,1._hesaidsomadeusangry._hesaidatthemeetingmadeusangry.2.Acomputercanonlydo_youhaveinstructedittodo.（01全国）3.中国不再是过去的样子了。4.Amoderncityhasbeensetupin_wasawastelandtenyearsago.（04天津）A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where,That,What,Chinaisnolonger_itusedtobe.,what,what,B:what(什么)/which(表选择,哪一个),1.-Doyouknow_MrBlacksaddressis?-HemayliveatNo.18orNo.19ofBridgeStreet.Imnotsureof_.2.Ireadaboutitinsomebookorother,doesitmatter_itwas?（01北京春季）,what,which,which,1）_youdontlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.（1992)A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether,高考题选萃,2)_hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.(93)A.WhatB.ThatC.whichD.Thematter3)Theresafeelinginme_wellneverknowwhataUFOis-notever.(2002）A.thatB.whichC.ofwhichD.what,考点2.区别if与whether,1.Idontknow_Illbefreetomorrow.2.Idontknow_ornotIllbefreetomorrow.3.Thequestionis_thisbookisworthwriting.,whether/if,whether,whether,4.Itdependson_wewillhaveenoughmoney.5._theycandoitmatterslittletous.6._youarenotfreetomorrow,Illgowithoutyou.,whether,Whether,If,请你归纳,a.主语从句b.表语从句c.同位语从句e.介词后的宾语从句f.直接加动词不定式只能用whether（todo）gwhetherornot直接连用时不用if,只能使用whether的情况：,请你归纳,1._the2000OlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingisnotknownyet.A.WheneverB.IfC.WhetherD.That2._wellgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where,高考题选萃,that表肯定意义whether表疑问,Thereisnodoubt_hewillwinthefirstplace.,that,_等引导的名词性从句不含有疑问意义，相当于名词后加一个定语从句，而_等引导的名词性从句含有疑问意义。,请你归纳,whoever,whatever,Who,what,考点3.what,whatever,who,whoever,Whowilltakethepositionisntdecided.,1._wassaidheremustbekeptsecret.2._weneedismoretime.3._hastakenawaymybagisunknown.4._breaksthelawwillbepunished.,Whatever,What,Who,Whoever,Anyonewho,高考题选萃,1.-Couldyoudomeafavour?-Itdependson_itis.(06)A.whichB.whicheverC.whatD.whatever,2._hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.(99)A.WhoB.TheoneC.AnyoneD.Whoever,高考题选萃,3.Thesewildflowersaresospecial,Iwoulddo_Icantosavethem.A.whateverB.thatC.whichD.whichever,高考题选萃,4.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_heorshewants.(NMET97)A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever,高考题选萃,（误）,nomatter只能引导状语从句，ever既可引导状语从句又可以引导名词性从句.,nomatterwho/what与whoever/whatever,Whoeverdestroystheforestwillbepunished.（正）,1.他犯了那样一个错误真是遗憾。_isapity.2.他来不来不重要。_doesntmatter.,Itdoesntmatterwhether,Thathemadesuchamistake,Itisapitythat,考点：it作形式主语,形式宾语,it作形式主语,Whetherhewillcomeornot,Itisreported/thought/saidthatItisclear/necessary/certainthatItisapity/ashame/anhonorthatItdoesntmatterwhetherItseemsthatIthappensthat,Canyouunderstandthem?,ThisisafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.2.Itworriedherabit_herhairwasturninggray.A.whileB.thatC.ifD.for,It,it指代后面从句所叙述的内容,常用like/dislike/love/hate/appreciate/make+it+if或when从句,it作形式宾语,make/find/feel/consider/thinkit+adj/n+that/todo,Ihateitwhenpeoplelaughatthedisabled.,1.Ivegottomakeclearthathetoldalie.Ilike_intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.(2004)A.thisB.thatC.itD.one3.他发现很难使别人理解他.Hefound_.,it,itdifficulttomakehimselfunderstood,it,1.Itisapitythatyoudidntgotoseethefilm.2.Itdoesntinterestmewhetheryousucceedornot.3.Itisinthemorningthatthemurdertookplace.4.ItisJohnthatbrokethewindow.,It作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较,考点5语序问题,1.Thephotographswillshowyou_（MET89）A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike,从句一定用陈述语序,2.Youcanhardlyimagine_whenheheardthenews.A.howhewasexcitedB.howwasheexcitedC.howexcitedhewasD.hewashowexcited,3.Heasked_foraviolin.（92）A.didIpayhowmuchB.IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchdidIpayD.howmuchIpaid,1.在think,believe,suppose,expect,guess等动词后的否定转移问题。Idontthinkthisdressfitsyou（我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。）2.在hope,believe,imagine,suppose,guess,think,expect,tell,say,fear以及beafraid等词语后，可用so代替一个宾语从句(指代上文涉及之事)。3.Idontknowwhatswrong/whatsthematterwithhim.,其它需要注意的几个问题,4.出现插入语时的语序,1.Doyousupposewheretheaccidenthappened?2.Wheredoyousupposetheaccidenthappened?3.Wheredoyousupposedidtheaccidenthappen?,1.在order，suggest，demand，advise，desire,insist,require,recommend,request等所接的宾语从句中用should型虚拟语气。should常省略。2.在order，suggestion,advice,desire等名词后同位语从句，表语从句中用should型虚拟语气，可省略should3.在asif，asthough引导的表语从句中，在必要的情况下应用过去式虚拟语气。,名词性从句中的虚拟语气问题：,5.wish后，从句中的时态在原本的时态上退一步，即wishthat,过去时(跟现在相反),would+v.(跟将来相反,haddone(跟过去相反),HowIwishitwerentrainingnow.IwishthatIhadmetthatfilmstaryesterday.,4.在主语从句中:Itisnecessary/important/strange/natural/-that-,1.Hissuggestion_tovisittheTempleofHeaveninterestedhiswholefamily.A.thattheygoB.whichtheyshouldgoC.thattheywouldgoD.whentheywouldgo,2.Allofthemthoughtitnecessarythathe_themeetingA.attendB.wouldhaveattendedC.attendedD.wastoattend,3.Hisattitudesuggeststhathe_reallyinterestedinit.A.notbeB.isntC.benotD.wasnt,一、同位语从句与定语从句的相似之处,1、两种从句都可以译成定语,1)Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthefinalmatchisencouraging.（同位语从句）我们队取得决赛胜利的消息令人鼓舞。2)Thenewsthatyoutoldusisreallyencouraging.（定语从句）你告诉我们的消息真的令人鼓舞。,定语从句与同位语从句,2、两种从句都可以用that引导,1)Thesuggestionthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpracticalisworthconsidering.（同位语从句）学生应该学些实用的东西的建议值得考虑。2)Thesuggestionthatisworthconsideringisthatthestudentsshouldlearnsomethingpractical.（定语从句）值得考虑的建议是学生应该学些实用的东西。,二、同位语从句与定语从句的不同之处,1、从句的作用不同：同位语从句用来进一步说明前面名词的内容；定语从句用来修饰、限定前面的名词。,Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthefinalmatchisencouraging.（从句说明“消息”的内容：我们队取得了决赛胜利。）Thenewsthatyoutoldusisreallyencouraging.（从句对“消息”加以限定：是你告诉我们的，而非来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。）,2、引导从句的关联词that的功能不同：that引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，不充当任何成分；而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，既指代先行词又须在从句中充当成分。,DadmadeapromisethathewouldbuymeaCDplayerifIpassedtheEnglishtest.（that不充当任何成分）2)Dadmadeapromisethatexcitedallhischildren.（that指代promise，又在从句中充当主语）,引导同位语从句的名词主要有fact,news,promise,idea,truth,hope,question,belief,suggestion,thought,order,problem,fear,doubt,etc.连接词用that(不能省)不用which，还用how,when,where,why,whether（不用if）etc.,高考真题回放,高考题演练：,1.1989Thesephotographswillshowyou_.A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslikeC.howdoesourvillage