动词不定式自己的.ppt

动词不定式,Thebabyseemstobeveryhappy.,Iwanttolosemyweight.,造句,Iwillinvitehimtoplayandhavedinnerwithme.,ToseetheTVplay,Iwillgohomequickly!,Toteachthethreechildrenismyjobthisafternoon.,这些句子有什么共同特点？,Iwanttolosemyweight.ThebabyseemstobeveryhappyToseetheTVplay,Iwillgohomequickly!Toteachthethreechildrenismyjobthisafternoon.,谓语：说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。它有人称、数、时态和语态的变化。e.g.Heworks.Hetakescareofthebaby.HewillgotoShanghai.HedidntgotoShanghai.HehasgonetoShanghai.Youarestudents.Youlooksmart.,单谓语或动词短语,情态动词/助动词+v.,系动词+表语,非谓语：主要包括不定式（todo），ving形式以及过去分词（done）。无人称，数的变化，不单独作谓语，但保留动词特点，可以有宾语或状语。e.g.Heworks.Hewantstoworkhere.Themusicsoundsexciting.AllthepeopleinvitedtothemeetingareVIP.,动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，所以它不可以做谓语，通常表示目的与将来。,用法,动词不定式在句中可以做主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。,定义,Johnsteppedforwardsoastobeintroducedtothevisitors.2.Annesteppedforwardsoastointroducethevisitorstous.3.Theyseemtohavemeteachotherbefore.Didntyounoticethat.4.Theyseemtoknoweachother.5.Whenmothercameintomyroom,Ipretendedtobereadingaletter.6.Illwritedownyournameandaddresssoasnottoforgetthem.,（二）不定式的形式、时态与语态,小结,(not)todo(not)tobedone(not)tohave(been)done(not)tobedoing,一.不定式的句法功能,1、不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。,e.g:Tofinishthebuildinginamonthisdifficultwork.Todosuchthingsisfoolish.,注:1不定式作主语时,谓语用单数,2、当主语较长，谓语较短时，常用it做形式主语，而将不定式放到谓语的后面。,一、不定式做主语：,Itisadifficultworktofinishthebuildinginamonth.,形式主语,真正主语,一、不定式做表语：,eg:Yourmistakewasnottowritethatletter.你的错误出在没有写那封信。WhatIwouldsuggestistostartworkatonce.,1.主语是以aimdutyhopeideaintentionmistakeplanproposaljobsuggestionwishpurposetask等为中心词的名词词组或以what引导的名词性从句表示，后面的不定式说明其内容,表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的,三动词不定式作宾语,常用动词有:likewishhopewanttrybeginstartmeanagreerefusepromisepretendaskchoosedecideforgethopelearnwantwouldlikeintenddemandexpectfailofferhelphateattemptdeterminetrymanagerememberprepareplan等,Eg:Wehopetogettherebeforedark.Thegirldecidedtodoitherself.,1、“动词+带to的不定式结构”,注：如果作宾语的不定式结构有自己的补语，则应使用先行it，把不定式后置，例如：Ifinditdifficulttounderstandhim.Wethoughtitwrongnottohelpher.Theyfounditimpossibletogeteverythingreadyintime.,注有些动词既可跟不定式作宾语，也可跟动名词作宾语，但含义不同,记住要做某事；记得曾经做过某事忘记要做某事忘记曾经做过某事停下来去做某事停止做某事继续做另一件事继续做原来在做的事,remembertodorememberdoingforgettodoforgetdoingstoptodostopdoinggoontodogoondoing,Eg:Irememberseeingyousomewherebefore.Pleaseremembertoturnoffthelightwhenyouleave.,离开时请记得关好灯。,我记得以前在哪儿见过你。,四不定式结构作宾语补足语,？宾补？某些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语，意思才完整Imgoingtopaintitpink.,Whatdoyoudesiremetodo?Thedirectorpreferredhertoacttheoldlady.Wemustntletthishappenagain.Hisfatherputhimtomindthesheep.,注：使用不定式作宾语补足语时，在有些动词后面，不定式符号to应当省略。下列动词用不定式作宾语补足语时，必须省去不定式符号to：let,make,have,see,watch,notice,lookat,observe,hear,listentoIwatchedthemgetintothecar.Didyounoticehimleavetheroom?help一词在使用不定式作宾语补足语时，可以带to，也可以不带to，如：Doyouoftenhelpyourmother(to)dothehousework?使用不定式作宾语补足语的句子，改为被动结构以后，宾语补足语就成了主语补足语，这时，“to”不可以省略，如：Thebossmadethemworkfrommorningtillnight.Theyweremadetoworkfrommorningtillnight.,五.作定语:（不定式作定语须放在被修饰的名词或代词的后面）,e.g:HaveyougotanythingtodothiseveningIhavesomefiendstoinvite.,定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。,(常常表示将来的动作),4不定式结构与所修饰的名词，有时意义上有着主谓关系或动宾关系，如：Hehasalargefamilytosupport(=thathemustsupport).注：处于动宾关系的情况下，如果不定式是不及物动词，它后面应加上必要的介词，如：Shehasalotofthingstoattendto.Thenursehasfivechildrentolookafter.Letsfirstfindaroomtoputthethingsin.,六、不定式做状语,e.g:Tolearnaforeignlanguagewell,youmusttryyourbest.WhathaveIsaidtomakeyousoangry?Sheseemedsurprisedtomeetus.,修饰动词、形容词、副词等表示目的、原因、结果、条件等。,七、疑问词（也称连接代/副词）+todo,疑问词（也称连接代/副词）有：what,where,w