双语中级会计第七章.ppt

,Chapter10ShareholdersEquity,Stocktransaction,Fourimportantstocktransactions四种典型的股票交易:Sellthestocks出售股票Repurchasethestocks回购股票Retirethestocks注销股票Resellthestocks回购股票的再次出售,Sellthestocks出售股票,Whenthecompanysellsstocks,bothcashandshareholdersequityareincreased,thenthecompanybecomeslarger当公司出售股票（发行新股）时，现金和股东权益均增加，公司规模即扩大.Exp.AltaVenaCompanyissues2,000sharesofcommonstockshavingaparvalueof$1,foratotalpriceof$8,000.Dr.Cash8,000Cr.Commonstock2,000Additionalcontributedcapital-common6,000,Repurchasethestocks回购股票,Whenthecompanybuysbackstocks,bothcashandshareholdersequityaredecreased,thenthecompanybecomessmaller当公司回购股票时，现金和股东权益均减少，公司规模即缩小.Exp.AltaVenaCompanybuysback2,000sharesofitsowncommonstocksfor$9,000.(whichithadoriginallysoldfor$8,000)Dr.Treasurystock9,000Cr.Cash9,000Sharesrepurchasedandnotretiredarereferredtoastreasurystock被回购而未被注销的股票被称为“库存股”.,Repurchasethestocks,Onecontraequityaccount股东权益的备抵账户:,Treasurystock,+,-,Retirethestocks注销股票,Ifrepurchasepriceparvalue当回购价面值时,debitthe“commonstock”and“additionalcontributedcapital”,creditthe“treasurystock”,thenrecordtheremainingamountas“retainedearnings”.Ifrepurchasepriceparvalue当回购价ParvalueDr.Treasurystock9,000Cr.Cash9,000Dr.Commonstock2,000Additionalcontributedcapital-common6,000Retainedearnings1,000Cr.Treasurystock9,000,Example,Exp.AltaVenaCompanybuysback2,000sharesofitsown$1parvaluecommonstocks(whichithadoriginallysoldfor$8,000)for$1,500andretirestheshares.Parvalue=$2,000,Repurchaseprice=$1,500RepurchasepriceParvalueDr.Treasurystock1,500Cr.Cash1,500Dr.Commonstock2,000Cr.Treasurystock1,500Additionalcontributedcapital-common500,Resellthestocks回购股票的再次出售,Exp.AltaVenaCompanybuysback2,000sharesofitsowncommonstocksfor$10,000andthenresellsthesesharestoinvestorsfor$15,000.Dr.Treasurystock10,000Cr.Cash10,000Dr.Cash15,000Cr.Treasuryshares10,000Additionalcontributedcapital-common5,000,Exercise,Priortothetransactions,Bornersshareholdersequityincludedthefollowing:OnJan.7,2011,Bornerrepurchased2millionsharesat$5pershareandthenretiredtheshares.OnAug.2,2011,Bornerrepurchased4millionsharesat$0.5pershareandthenretiredtheshares.OnSep.1,2011,Bornerrepurchased3millionsharesat$6pershareandthenresoldthesharesat$7pershare.,Reserves&Retainedearnings,Reserves:itincludesstatutoryreservesandvoluntaryreserves.Statutoryreserves:alsocalledlegalreserves,arecreatedbasedontherequirementsofthelaw法定盈余公积：法律规定必须统一提取的盈余公积.Exp.InChina,itrequiresthatcompaniessetaside10%oftheirnetincomefortheyearasa“statutoryreserve”.Voluntaryreserves:thecompanysetsasideacertainpercentageofitsnetincomeaccordingtoitsownwish任意盈余公积：公司自行提取的盈余公积.,Reserves&Retainedearnings,Retainedearnings:acompanysaccumulatedprofits(orlosses)lessanydistributionsthathavebeenmadetherefrom未分配利润：公司进行了所有分配之后的累积的净利润（或净损失）.Retainedearnings=Profits(orLosses)anydistributionsDistributions:Statutoryreserves,Voluntaryreserves,ordividends.,Example,MaxCompanyhad2,000,000ofnetincomein2011.Accordingtothelaw,itrequiresthatcompaniessetaside10%oftheirnetincomefortheyearasa“statutoryreserve”.Maxthensetaside5%ofitsnetincomeas“voluntaryreserve”.Inthatyear,Maxdistributed500,000ofcashdividends.Whatistheamountof“retainedearnings”?Retainedearnings=2,000,000-2,000,00010%-2,000,0005%-500,000=1,200,000,Accountingforretainedearnings,Twopartswillbediscussedinthefollowingsection:Cashdividends现金股利Stockdividends股票股利,Cashdividends,Cashdividends:Companiesplantopaydividendstostockholdersincash.Usually,wehavethreeimportantdividenddates,whichare分配现金股利的三个重要日期:Thedeclarationdate股利宣告日Wereduceretainedearningsandrecordaliability(dividendspayable)Therecorddate股权登记日Wemakenojournalentry.Thepaymentdate股利支付日Wereducetheliabilityaccountandcashaccount.,Example,OnMay1,2011,thedirectorsofRiverCorp.declarea$0.75persharedividendonRiverCorp.s650,000outstandingcommonstocks.ThedividendispayableMay25toholdersofrecordMay15.May1(thedeclarationdate):Dr.Retainedearnings487,500Cr.Dividendspayable487,500May15(therecorddate):Noentry.May25(thepaymentdate):Dr.Dividendspayable487,500Cr.Cash487,500,Stockdividends,Stockdividends:thedistributionofadditionalsharesofstocktocurrentshareholdersofthecorporation股票股利:公司以增发新股的方式支付股利.Astockdividendaffectsneithertheassetsnortheliabilitiesofthefirm.发放股票股利不会导致企业资产的减少或负债的增加Itsnotanactualdistributionoftheassets.Itsnotapromisetodistributethoseassets.Becauseeachshareholderreceivesthesamepercentageincreaseinshares,shareholderspercentageownershipofthefirmremainsunchanged.发放股票股利不会引起股东所持股票比例的变化,Example,Craftdeclaresanddistributesa10%commonstockdividend(10millionshares)whenthemarketvalueofthe$1parcommonstockis$12pershare.Dr.Retainedearnings120Cr.Commonstock10Additionalcontributedcapital-common110,Exercise,Preparetheappropriateentriesforthefollowingevents:OnMarch1,theboardofdirectorsdeclaredacashdividendof$1pershareonits120millionoutstandingshares,payableonApril3toshareholdersofrecordMarch11.A10%commonstockdividend(18millionshares)wasdeclaresanddistributeswhenthemarketvalueofthe$2parcommonstockis$15pershare.OnDec.1,theboardofdirectorsdeclaredthe9.09%cashdividendonthe$11millionpreferredshares,payableonDec.23toshareholdersofrecordDec.11.,Briefintroductionofchapter10,1)definitionofshareholdersequity2)differencebetweentheliabilityandequity.3)twobasicresourcesofshareholdersequity1)investedcapital2)earnedcapital4)describethecomponentsofshareholdersequity5)comprehensiveincome6)accountingfortransactionwithequity,Natureofshareholdersequity,Shareholdersequityistheresidualinterestintheassetsofanentityafterdeductingallliabilities所有者权益是企业资产扣除负债后所有者享有的剩余权益.ResidualinterestShareholdersequity=AssetsLiabilities,Componentsofshareholdersequity,Shareholdersequity,Issuedsharecapital已发行股本,Statedcapital(Parcapital)股本/实收资本,Additionalcontributedcapital(sharepremium)资本公积(股本溢价),Retainedearnings未分配利润,Reserves盈余公积,Issuedsharecapital,Statedcapital(parcapital):thisisreferredtoasfacevaluepershare.(paid-incapital)股本：每股的面值Commonstock普通股Alsocalledordinaryshare,itrepresenttheresidualownershipofthecorporation.Commonstockholderscontrolthemanagementofthecorporation.控制公司的管理层（有决策权）Preferredstock优先股AlsocalledpreferencesharePreferredstockholderswillgetafixeddividend获取固定股利beforeitdistributesanyamounttothecommonstockholders.,Issuedsharecapital,Additionalcontributedcapital资本公积Alsocalledpaid-incapitalinexcessofparvalue,orcapitalsurplusThisistheamountreceivedontheissuanceofsharesthatistheexcessovertheparvalue.金额为发行价超出面值的部分,Example,LCDcorporationissued100,000commonshareswithaparvalueof$1pershare.Thestockpriceis$3.5pershare.Whatistheamountof“statedcapital”?Whatistheamountof“additionalcontributedcapital”?Statedcapital=$1100,000=$100,000Orcommonstock=$100,000Additionalcontributedcapital=($3.5-$1)100,000=$250,000,Accountingforissuanceofshares,Fourpartswillbediscussedinthefollowingsection:Sharesissuedforcash发行股票获取现金Sharesissuedfornon-cashassets发行股票获取非现金资产Morethanonesecurityissuedforasingleprice以一个价格发行一种以上证券Shareissuecosts股票发行费用,Issuedforcash,Example:Dowindustrialsells100,000ofitscommonshares,$1parpershare,for$10pershare.Statedcapital(commonstocks)=100,000$1=$100,000Additionalcontributedcapital=($10-$1)100,000=$900,000Dr.Cash1,000,000Cr.Commonstock100,000Additionalcontributedcapital-common900,000,Exercise,P459E10-4,Issuedfornon-cashassets,Ifthesharesareissuedinexchangefornon-cashassets,thetransactionshouldbereflectedatthefairvalueoftheassetsreceived如果通过发行股票换取了非现金资产，那么换取的资产以公允价值计价.Ifthefairvalueoftheassetreceivedisunknown,thenthetransactionshouldberecordedatthefairvalueofthesharesissued.如果换取的资产的公允价值未知，则该资产以发行股票的公允价值计价。,Example,DuMontChemicalsissues1millionofitscommonshares,$1parpershare,inexchangeforanequipmentwithamarketpriceof$6million.Fairvalueoftheasset=$6millionStatedcapital(commonstocks)=$11millionshares=$1millionAdditionalcontributedcapital=$6-$1=$5millionDr.Equipment6Cr.Commonstock1Additionalcontributedcapital-common5,Example,DuMontChemicalsissues1millionofitscommonshares,$1parpershare,inexchangeforanequipmentforwhichnomarketpriceisavailable.Todaysstockpriceis$10pershare.Fairvalueoftheassetisunknown.Fairvaluethestocks=$101=$10millionStatedcapital(commonstocks)=$11millionshares=$1millionAdditionalcontributedcapital=$10-$1=$9millionDr.Equipment10Cr.Commonstock1Additionalcontributedcapital-common9,Morethanonesecurityissuedforasingleprice,Sometimes,acompanymightsellcommonsharesandpreferredsharesforasingleprice有时，公司以一揽子价格同时发行普通股和优先股.Totalsellingprice=commonsharesvalue+preferredsharesvalueIfonlyonesecuritysvalueisknown,then:Thesecondsecuritysmarketvalue=totalsellingpricethefirstsecuritysvalue如果其中一种股票的价值已知，则另一种股票的价值=发行总价前一种股票的价值,Example,P434Illustration10-4Parvalueofcommonsto