名词性从句课件甲.ppt

名词性从句,在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句.,1宾语从句；2主语从句；3表语从句；4同位语从句,主语从句,在另外一个句子中做主语的句子叫主语从句。Howthebookwillselldependsonitsauthor.Thatheisthebeststudentintheclassisobvious,主语从句常用it作形式主语放句首,因而我们常见到这种句式：It+be+n./adj./-ed从句（that,whether,etc.)例：Itsapitythatyoushouldhavetoleave.=Thatyoushouldhavetoleaveisapity.ItisgreatthatIhaveateacherlikeyou.=ThatIhaveateacherlikeyouisgreat.,.主语从句的连接词,一、主语从句,连词that(无词义,不作成分,不能省略);whether(是否),if不能位于句首。Thathewillcomeandhelpusiscertain.Whetherwewillsucceedisstillaquestion.Itisnotknownifhewillcome.,注意:已确定的事由that引导;没决定的事由whether引导.,3.连接副词when,where，why,how,howlong,howoften,howsoon,howfar,howmany/much等.,Whenthetestwillbegivenisnotyetdecided.Howmuchwecanspendmustbeagreedon.,2.连接代词what,whatever,who,whoever,whose,which,whichever等.,Whatheishasnothingtodowithyou.Whoseticketthisishasnotbeenfoundout.,特殊句式,1.Ihate_whenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull（MET98）A.itB.thatC.theseD.them2.Ifeel_strangethatheshouldbesocareless.A./B.itC.thatD.how3.Itworriedherabit_herhairwasturninggrey.（MET92）AwhileB.thatCifDfor,同位语从句,在一个更长的句子中作同位语使用的句子叫同位语从句。同位语与其前的词或短语表达的是同一事物。如：Thefactthatsheisillshouldbeconsidered.,Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthematchistrue.Hisdelayisduetothefactthatthecarwentwronghalfway.,同位语从句,同位语从句一般跟在名词fact,news,promise,truth,belief,thought,idea,answer,information,doubt,knowledge,hope,law,opinion,plan,suggestion后面,用以说明或解释前面的名词.,TheDifferencesBetweenAppositiveclausesandAttributiveClauses,怎样区别同位语从句与定语从句,同位语从句与定语从句的不同之处,1、从句的作用不同：同位语从句用来进一步说明前面名词的内容；定语从句用来修饰、限定前面的名词。,e.g.Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthefinalmatchisencouraging.（从句说明“消息”的内容：我们队取得了决赛胜利。）Thenewsthatyoutoldusisreallyencouraging.（从句对“消息”加以限定：是你告诉我们的，而非来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。）,2、引导从句的关联词that的功能不同：that引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，不充当任何成分；而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，既指代先行词又须在从句中充当成分。,e.g.1)DadmadeapromisethathewouldbuymeCDplayerifIpassedtheEnglishtest.（that不充当任何成分）2)Dadmadeapromisethatexcitedallhischildren.（that指代promise，又在从句中充当主语。）,高一英语语法同步辅导,3、that引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，故不能用which替换；而that引导定语从句时是代词，常可以和另一关系代词which替换。,e.g.ThefactthatheisfromCanadaisnewtome.（that不可换为which）ThefactthatsurprisedmeisthatheisnotChinese.（第一个that可换为which，第二个不行，因为它引导的是表语从句。）,4、引导同位语从句的关联词，除that外，还可以根据句义使用任何其它疑问代词或副词；而定语从句不可用what,how,whether等引导。,e.g.IhadnoideaatallwhatIshoulddonext.Thereisnoproofwhetherhewaskilledbyothers.,一.同位语从句PK定语从句,Practice,I.Tellthefunctionoftheclausesinthefollowingsentences说出下列从句的功能：A:Appositive（同位语）;B:Attributive（定语）,Hisproposalthatwegothereonfootisacceptable.Manyteachersholdtheviewthatteenagersshouldnotspendtoomuchtimeonline.3.Thefirstrequestthathemadewastoaskforfreedom.4.Doyouhaveanyideawherewewillbesent?5.Isthisthecompanywhereyourfatherworks?6.Thisisthereasonthathegaveforhisabsence.7.Hemadeanexcusethathiscarbrokedownontheway.,1.Thenews_anotherpowerstationwillbebuiltcheeredallthevillagers.AwhichBthatCwhatDwhatever2Thenews_hetoldusisexciting.Whichofthefollowingiswrong?AwhatBCwhichDthat,Exercises,B,A,II.Choosethebestanswer,1.Theyexpressedthehope_theywouldcomeovertoChina.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.when2.Thefact_hedidntseeTomyesterdayistrue.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.what3.Ihavenoidea_hewillcomeback.A.whereB.whenC.whatD.that,B,A,B,4.Thenews_surprisedeverybodyyesterdaynowprovestobefalse.A.thatB.whenC.whatD.how5.Oneofthemenheldtheview_thebooksaidwasright.A.whatthatB.thatwhichC.thatwhatD.whichthat6.Wordhascome_someAmericanguestswillcomeforavisittoourcollegenextweek.A.whatB.whetherC.thatD.which,A,C,C,what与that在引导主语从句时的区别what引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语、宾语、表语，而that则不然。What引导的主语从句一般不可改为含形式主语的句子。例如：1)Whatyousaidyesterdayisright.2)Thatsheisstillaliveiscertain.,Itisrightwhatyousaidyesterday.,Itiscertainthatsheisstillalive.,4._Icantunderstandiswhyhehaschangedhismind.5._theearthisroundisknowntousall.归纳：,What,That,连词_在从句中不作成分，不含有疑问意义，而_在从句中作成分，常含有疑问意义。,that,what,1）_youdontlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.（S92)A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether,高考题选萃,2)_hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.(93)A.WhatB.ThatC.ThefactD.Thematter3)Theresafeelinginme_wellneverknowwhataUFOis-notever.(s2002）A.thatB.whichC.ofwhichD.what,A,A,2.Sarahhopestobecomeafriendof_sharesherinterests.A.anyoneB.whomeverC.whoeverD.nomatterwho,3.Thesewildflowersaresospecial,Iwoulddo_Icantosavethem.A.whateverB.thatC.whichD.wh