2019年pep六年级英语语法知识汇总.doc

2019年pep六年级英语语法知识汇总一、词类：1、 动词：行为动词、be动词、情态动词。（1）行为动词原形、+s/es、+ed、+ing，具体判断方法如下：（2）be动词a、Am、Is 、 Are口诀：我用am, 你用are, is用在他她它，单数用is复数用are。b、肯定和否定句 I am (not) from London. He /She is(not) a teacher. My hair is(not) long. Her eyes are(not) small. c、 一般疑问句 Am I ? Yes, you are. No, you arent. Are you/they? Yes,we/ they are. No,we/ they arent. Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isnt. is、am、are为一类，一般用于一般现在时、现在进行时和一般将来时中。was和were为另一类，一般用于一般过去时。（3）情态动词can、must、should、would、may。情态动词后动词总是用原形。（不受其他任何条件影响）2、 名词这里强调两点：不可数名词都默认为单数，所以总是用is或者was。如何加后缀：a一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds b以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches c以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries d以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives e不规则名词复数： man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet ,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 3、 形容词（包括副词）形容词表示某一事物或的特征，副词表示某一动作的特征。形容词和副词只有两种形式：原形和+er。未作比较的情况下就用原形，比较时就+er。两个重要特征：asas中间一定用原形，有than的时候一定+er。4、 人称代词和物主代词人称代词物主代词单数复数单数复数主格宾格主格宾格形容词性（短）名词性（长）形容词性（短）名词性（长）第一人称Imeweusmymineourours第二人称youyouyouyouyouryoursyouryours第三人称hehimtheythemhishistheirtheirssheherherhersitititsits人称代词：有主格和宾格之分。一般动词前用主格，动词后用宾格。物主代词：有两类：形容词性物主代词（短的）和名词性物主代词（长的）一般看后面有没有名词，如有，就用形容词性物主代词（短的）；如无，就用名词性物主代词（长的）。5、 数量词我们学过两类：基数词和序数词。基数用于表示数量多少，而序数词用于表示次序，常在日期中出现。序数词的前面一般都加the。6、冠词有a、an、the。a和an的区别：an用于元音音素（一般就是元音字母aeiou）前，a用于辅音音素前。二、否定句：be动词（am、is、are、was、were）+not、情态动词（can、must、should）+ not、助动词（do、does、di） + not如何将一个肯定的陈述句改为否定句：1、看句中有无be动词，如有，直接在be动词后+ not。2、看句中有无情态动词，如有，直接在情态动词后+ not。3、如上述二者都没有，就应用助动词+ not。分四个步骤：（1）肯定陈述句中本来是没有助动词的，要加上去，位置在主语（某人或某物）后，动词前。（2）确定助动词用do、does还是did，根据句中动词，动词是原形的助动词就用do，动词是第三人称单数的助动词就用does，动词用过去式的助动词就有did。（3）在助动词后加not。（4）原句中动词假如发生变化就要恢复成原形。强调一点，有some的要考虑是否要用any。三、一般疑问句。如何将一个肯定的陈述句改为否定句：1、看句中有无be动词，如有，把be动词提到句首即可。2、看句中有无情态动词，如有，把情态动词提到句首即可。3、如上述二者都没有，就应把助动提到句首。分四个步骤：（1）肯定陈述句中本来是没有助动词的，要加上去，位置在主语（某人或某物）后，动词前。（2）确定助动词用do、does还是did，根据句中动词，动词是原形的助动词就用do，动词是第三人称单数的助动词就用does，动词用过去式的助动词就有did。（3）把助动词后提到句首。（4）原句中动词假如发生变化就要恢复成原形。强调一点，有some的要考虑是否要用any。四、特殊疑问句。表示疑问，有疑问词（在开头），回答有很多种可能。常用疑问词： 疑问词意思用法When什么时间问时间What time 什么时间问具体时间，如几点钟Who谁问人Whose 谁的问主人Where在哪里问地点Which哪一个问选择Why 为什么问原因What 什么问东西、事物What colour什么颜色问颜色What about。怎么样问意见What day星期几问星期几What date什么日期问日期What for 为何目的问目的How 。怎样问情况How old多大年纪问年纪How many多少数量（可数名词）问数量How much多少钱；多少数量（不可数名词）问多少钱或数量（不可数）How about。怎么样问意见How often多久问频率How long多长时间问时间长度How far 多远问多远；多长距离五、祈使句表示请求或命令别人做某事或不要做某事。肯定祈使句一定是以动词原形开头（有时有please），否定的祈使句一定是dont加动词原形开头（有时有please）。把祈使句改为否定句只需在动词前加dont即可。六、时态1、一般现在时（1）一般现在时中的be动词：一般用原形：am is are am用于第一人称单数（I）；is用于第三人称单数（he she it和其他人名或称谓，如：Ben his sister等）；are用于第二人称单数（you）和所有复数（包括第一人称复数we、第二人称复数you；第三人称复数they和其他复数，如the children 、 his parents等）。（2）一般现在时中的动词：第一种情况：主语是第三人称单数（he she it 和其他，如Helen 、her cousin 等），动词后一般加s或es。第二种情况：主语不是第三人称单数，动词都用原形。（4）一般现在时判断依据（如何判断一个句子是一般现在时）：be动词是am、is、are动词用原形或加s、es没有时间状语或有usually、often、everyday、sometimes等不是具体的时间2、一般过去时（1）一般过去时中的be动词：一般用过去式：was were was用于第一人称单数（I）和第三人称单数（he she it和其他人名或称谓，如：Ben 、 his sister等）；were用于第二人称单数（you）和所有复数（包括第一人称复数we、第二人称复数you；第三人称复数they和其他复数，如the children 、 his parents等）。（2）一般过去时中的动词：一般只有一种情况：+ed这里强调一点，和一般现在时不同的是这里不管主语是第几人称，也不管是单数和复数都加ed。（4）一般过去时判断依据（如何判断一个句子是一般过去时）：be动词是was、were 动词加ed有表示过去的时间状语现在学过的常用的表示过去的时间状语有：just now a moment ago yesterday last week last night last weekend last year last month three days ago two weeks ago five years ago this morning3、一般将来时（1）构成形式：Be going to +动词原形， will + 动词原形 （2）一般将来时表示动作即将发生或某人打算做某事。（3）句中往往有tomorrow、soon、next week等词。4、现在进行时（1）构成形式：Be动词+动词的ing形式这里强调一点，两者缺少其中任何一种都不可以构成现在进行时。（2）现在进行时表示动作正在进行或事情正在发生。（3）有用的依据：一个句子中既有be动词，又有动词，且动词加了ing 该句是现在进行时（4）句中往往有now、look、listen等词。动词过去式、现在分词的不规则变化：be 是was, werebeing begin 开始beganbeginning build 建筑builtbuilding buy 买boughtbuying can 能could无 e 来cameing copy 拷贝copiedcopying do 做diddoing draw 画drewdrawing drink 喝drankdrinking drive 驾车drovedriving eat 吃ateeating feel 感觉feltfeeling find 找寻foundfinding fly飞flewflying forget 忘记forgotforgetting get 得到gotgetting give 给予gavegiving go 去wentgoing grow 成长grewgrowing have 有hadhaving hear 听heardhearing keep 保持keptkeeping know 知道knewknowing learn学习learnt, learnedlearning let 让letletting make 做mademaking may 可以might无 mean 意思meantmeaning meet 见面metmeeting must 必须must无 put 放putputting read 读readreading ride 骑roderiding ring 响rangringing run 跑ranrunning say 说saidsaying see 看见sawseeing sing 唱歌sangsinging sit 坐satsitting sleep 睡觉sleptsleeping speak 讲话spokespeaking spend 花钱spentspending stand 站立stoodstanding sweep 打扫sweptsweeping swim 游泳swamswimming take 拿到tooktaking teach 教taughtteaching tell 讲述toldtelling think 思考thoughtthinking will 意愿would无 write 写wrotewriting附送：2019年PEP六年级英语阅读竞赛试题一、 Read and judge阅读短文，判断下列句子正（T）误（F）。Passage 1Many parts of the world have four seasons. They are spring, summer, fall and winter. Spring follows winter. It bees warmer and the days bee longer. Plants begin to grow and many animals have babies. Summer is the hottest season. It does not get dark until late. Plants grow fast. In fall the days get shorter. The weather turns cooler. Trees may lose their leaves. Some birds fly to warmer places. Winter is the coldest season. It gets early in the evening. Plants stop growing and many trees are bare(光秃) 。1. All parts of the world have four seasons.( )2. Many animals have babies in spring.( )3. Summer is the hottest season.( )4. The day bee longer in fall.( )5. Winter es. The plants stop growing.( )Answer: F T T F TPassage 2Mary and Kate are sister. They just had a physical examination(体检)。These are some of the results.MaryKateAge1210Height130cm110cmWeight( 体重)40kg30kgHairlong, blackshort , brownEyesbrown blueThey are healthy.1. Mary is Kates sister.( )2. Kate is older than Mary.( )3. Mary has long and brown hair.( )4. Mary is 10kg heavier than Kate.( )5. Their eyes colour are same.( )Answer: T F F T FPassage 3On Sunday morning, Mr Baker takes Mike and Joan to a plane. He opens the door of the plane and lets the children in. Soon the plane begins to up. Joan looks out of the window, “Oh, were like birds in the sky!” She says. She looks at the houses, but they are like toy houses. Mike looks out of the window, too. He sees some buses. They look like toy buses. The people on the ground look very, very small, too. Then the plane es down and down, and stops on the ground. Mike and Joan are very happy.1. Mr Baker takes Mike and Joan to a plane because theyre going to school. ( )2. The children see some birds in the sky.( )3. The children can see some people on the ground.( )4. Mike doesnt look out of the window.( ) 5. They are very happy.( )Answer: F F T F TPassage 4Lily and Lucy are twins. They e from America. They came to China in XX because their parents came to China to work. Their father is an engineer, and their mother is a teacher. Lily and Lucy are 12 years old. They are in Grade 5, but they are in different classes. Lily is in Class 1 and Class 3. They walk to school every day. They have many friends in China. The girls and their friends often play together. They like hiking with their friends in summer and making snowmen with them in winter. They enjoy their life in China.1. Lily and Lucy are American girls. ( )2. Their mother is an engineer.( )3. Lily and Lucy are in the same class.( )4. Lily and Lucy like hiking and making snowmen in winter.( ) 5. They live in China now .( )Answer: T F F F T二、read and choose阅读短文，选择正确的答案。Passage 5Dear Peter,Thank you for your letter and some wonderful stamps. I like them very much. I also collect stamps. Im sending some Monkey King stamps to you. I thing youll like them.Now Im going to answer some of your questions. You ask me about the weather in Beijing in winter. Its quite cold and it often snows in winter. After snowing the ground is white. And I can skate on ice. Its very interesting to skate. I like winter best.You ask me when is the best time to e to China. I think the best time to e to China is in spring or in fall. Its often too hot in summer and its cold in winter. I have to finish this letter now. Ask your brother to e to China with you. Wele to Beijing soon. Yours, Li Lei( )1. What season does Li Lei like best?_A. Spring B. Summer C. Fall D. winter( )2. Which country is Li Lei in?_A. America B. China C. England D. Canada( )3. What does Peter give Li Lei?_. A. Food B. Stamps C. Snow D. nothing( )4. What is the best time to e to China?_.A. Spring B. Summer C. Fall D. Spring and fall( )5. What is the text(文章)about？( )A.Letter B. Notice C. Report D. NewsAnswer: D B B D APassage 6In a small village, there is a teacher, a doctor, a driver and a policeman. They are all good friends. What are their names? One is Mike, one is Jack, one is Tom and the other is John. Mikes, Jacks and Toms children are classmates. John has not any children. He teaches his friends children at school. Mike has many hens and he gives the driver and the doctor eggs. Jacks child goes to school to the doctors house. The doctors is behind Jacks.( )1. The four people live in a small_.A. factory B. school C. village D. park( )2. Are all the four people good friends?A. Yes, they are B. No, they arent. C. No, two of them are. D. No, three of them are( )3. John is _, Mike is _, and Tom is _.A. a doctor, a policeman, a driver. B. a teacher, a policeman, a doctor.C. A policeman, a teacher, a driver. D. a driver, a doctor, a teacher.( )4. Which is right?_A. Jacks house is behind the doctors B. Jack gives his friends eggs. C. Some of their children are in the same class. D. John hasnt any children.( )5. Jacks child goes to school to_A. Mikes house. B. the teachers house. C. the doctors house. D. Johns houseAnswer: C A B DCPassage 7Mr Black and Mrs. Black live at 15King Road. They have two children. One is seven and the other is nine. In the morning Mr Black goes to work and the children go to school. Their father takes them to school everyday. Mrs. Black stays at home. She does a lot of housework in the morning. And in the afternoon, sometimes she goes to see her friends, sometimes she goes shopping. They have dinner at a 6:15. After that they play games, or go for a walk, or watch TV.( )1. There are _ people in the Black family.A. two B. three C. four D. five( )2. Mr. Black takes his children to school every_?A. afternoon B. evening C. day D. week( )3. Mrs. Black sometimes_ in the afternoon.A. takes a walk in the park B. watches TVC. reads a book D. goes to see her friends( )4. How do the children go to school?_A. by car B. by bus C. on foot D.by bike. ( )5. What do they often do after dinner?A. stay at home. B. go to school C. see their friends D. play game or watch TV.Answer: C CB A D三、Read and arrange读句子，排序( ) Hello, Mike. Im ZhangPeng. What are you doing?(