定语从句课件ppt.ppt

定语从句,TheAttributiveClauses,定语从句：是指在复合句中，修饰或的从句.被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做“”.引导定语从句的词叫“”,基础知识,名词,代词,先行词,关系词,HowmanykindsofAttributiveClausesarethere?,基础知识,定语从句,TheRestrictiveAttributiveClause限制性定语从句,TheNon-RestrictiveAttributiveClause非限制性定语从句,基础知识,引导定语从句的关系词,指代人指代事物所属关系指地点指时间指原因,who，whom，thatwhich，thatwhose，ofwhichwherewhenwhy,关系代词,关系副词,基础知识,关系代词的用法,关系代词在从句中可以：,何时可以省略？,做宾语时可以省略,关系代词,前看先行是人或物，后看从句有无宾主。先行指物用that/which,先行指人用whom/who.whose通常作定语”.的”，人，物两者都兼顾。物作先行that/which,人作先行that/whom/who。作宾语都可省。,巧学妙记,Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.,关系代词的实质,Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.,关系代词的实质,amachine,themachine,Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.,关系代词的实质,amachine,that/which,关系代词的实质,Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.,关系代词的实质,Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.,her,Thegirl,关系代词的实质,Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.,her,Thegirl,关系代词的实质,Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.,her,Thegirl,关系代词的实质,Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.,her,Thegirl,关系代词的实质,Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.,her,Thegirl,关系代词的实质,Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.,her,Thegirl,关系代词的实质,Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.,her,Thegirl,关系代词的实质,Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.,that/who/whom,Thegirl,注意避免重复,Whichhouseismine?,房顶是棕色的房子是我的。,Thehouse_ismine.,whoseroofisbrown,Myhouse,Correctthemistakes,1.Underthebigtreeare34students,manyofthemcomefromclasstwo.2.Mymotherhasagoodbook,whichcoverlooksterrible.3.Thisistheverypenthatyougaveittomebefore.4.Thereisanoldwoman,thatisholdingastick.,whom,whose,it,who,定语从句考点归纳,1.that与which,1.Nothing_canbedonehasbeendone.2.Doyouhaveanything_youdontunderstand?,先行词是everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none等不定代词，引导定语从句用that,that,that,1.ThisisthebestTV_ismadeinChina.2.Thefirstmuseum_hevisitedinChinawastheHistoryMuseum.,that,that,先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用that。,1.that与which,Ivereadallthebooks_youlentme.,that,先行词被any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all,thevery,theonly,last修饰时,引导定语从句用that。,1.that与which,1.Thefamouswriterandhisworks_theradiobroadcasthavearousedgreatinterestamongthestudents.2.Avictimisaperson,animalorthing_sufferspain,death,harm,etc.,先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用that.,that,that,1.that与which,1.Who_youhaveeverseencandoitbetter?,主句是Who,Which引导的特殊疑问句，引导定语从句用that,that,1.that与which,1.Herbag,in_sheputallhermoney,hasbeenstolen.2.Thisistheringon_shespent1000dollars.3.XiaoWang,with_Iwenttotheconcert,enjoyitverymuch.,which,which,whom,在介词后面，指事物用which，指人用whom费限制性定语从句中有逗号不能用that,1.that与which,只用who的情况,One_hasnothingtofeardarestotellthetruth.Theones_laughatthedisabledarenotgoodstudents.Anyone_failstofinishthetaskshouldbepunished.Those_wanttogotoTheGreatWallsighuphere.,who,who,who,who,先行词是one,ones,anyone,those时用who.,1）、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配,Thisisthebook_whichyouasked,注意：动词短语不能拆开即介词不能提前,for,TheoldmanwhomIamlookingafterisbetter.,如何判断介词,2）、看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配,Hereferredmetosomereferencebooks_whichIamnotveryfamiliar.,with,如何判断介词,3）、根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词搭配,Thisisourclassroom,_whichthereisateachersdesk.,inthefrontof,如何判断介词,whose引导的定语从句,表示所属关系,Theriver_banksarecoveredwithtreesflowstothesea.,whose,3Whose的使用,Inthisclassthereare20students,_aredifferent.A.whosebackgroundsB.ThebackgroundsofwhomC.ofwhomthebackgroundsD.thebackgroundsofwhose,Whose的使用,Whose+n.可以用the+n.+of+whom/which替代,Theearthisround,_weallknow._isknowntoall,theearthisround_isknowntoallthattheearthisround.,as,As,It,4as的使用,ThisisthesamebookasIlost.ThisisthesamebookthatIlost.,这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。,这本书就是我丢的那本。,as的使用,Thisissuchaninterestingbook_wealllike.Thisissointerestingabook_wealllike.,as,as,这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。,定语从句,as的使用,Thisissuchaninterestingbook_wealllikeit.Thisissointerestingabook_wealllikeit.,that,that,这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。,结果状语从句,as的使用,1.Itisveryusefultomasteraforeignlanguage,_hasbeensaidbefore.,which,2_everyonehoped,Maryhaswonthefirstprize.,As,as的使用,5when,where,why与that,which,）Illneverforgettheday_wefirstmetinthepark.）Illneverforgetthetime_Ispentwithyou.）Illneverforgetthetime_wasspentwithyou.）Thisisthemuseum_Ivisitedlastyear.5)Thisisthemuseum_Imether.,when,whichthat,whichthat,whichthat,where,5when,where,why与that,which的区分,Thisisthereason_(=forwhich)Ididntcomehere.Thereason_shegavewasnottrue.,why,which/that,指时间，地点或原因的先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句。,6定语从句中的动词的数,Heistheonlyoneinhisclasswho_(have)gottheteacherspraiseHeisoneofthestudentsinhisclasswho_(have)gottheteacherspraise,has,have,关系词在定语从句中做主语时，谓语动词的数取决于先行词,非限制性定语从句,对主句内容做补充说明，书写常用“，”隔开。Eg:Tom,whowasastudentinAmerica,wrotethebook.关系代词引导Eg:Shecametothekitchen,wherehermotherwascooking.关系副词引导限制性定语从句一般只修饰先行词，而非限制性定语从句可修饰先行词也可修饰整个句子。Eg:IfinishedthebookthatIboughtyesterday.Eg:Shefailedintheexamagain,whichmadehermotherveryangry.,Shehasasonwhoisadoctor.Shehasason,whoisadoctor.Thereare67students,allofareworkinghard.Thereare67students,halfofareworkinghard.Thereare67studentsandallofareworkinghard.,不止一个,只有一个,whom,whom,them,能力提高,Correctthesentences:,1.Imusingthepenwhichheboughtityesterday.2.ThemanwhomIspokeisfromCanada.3.July1,1999isthedaywhenwellneverforget.,to,that,4.Imgoing