学会分析英语长难句.ppt

,学会分析英语长句难句,Coupledwiththegrowingquantityofinformationisthedevelopmentoftechnologieswhichenablethestorageanddeliveryofmoreinformationwithgreaterspeedtomorelocationsthanhaseverbeenpossiblebefore.,IfthebeeshadstayedinBrazil,thiswouldhavebeenbadenough.Butnowtheyareonthemove,headingnorthwardincountlessmillionstowardsCentralandNorthAmerica.,Itwasnotunusualtoseechildrendoingtheworkofadultsingreatmanyruralareas.,Harrywasacapablelawyer,butitwasdifficultforhimtoliveuptothereputationestablishedbyhismorebrilliantfather.,HefoundoutthatKitWilliamshasspenthischildhoodnearAmpthill,inBedfordshire,andthoughtthathemusthaveburiedthehareinaplaceheknewwell,buthestillcouldnotseetheconnectionwithKatherineofAragon,untilonedayhecameacrosstwocrossesinAmpthillParkandlearntthattheyhadbeenbuiltinherhonorin1773.,Wehavetopayspecialattentiontothecomplexsentencescontaininglotsofclause-levelinformation.Theyaccountforalargeproportioninthereadingmaterialsfortests.,Teachingprocedures:.Lead-in(2)Starttheclassbypresentingsomelonganddifficultsentences,andleadthelearnersintotodaystopicnaturally.Pre-task:(10)1.Explaintothelearnersthemainfactorsthatmakesentenceshardtounderstand;,2.Introducebasicwaystodealwiththoselonganddifficultsentenceshowtomakegoodanalysisofsentencestructures.OfferthestudentsselectedreadingcomprehensiontestsofNMETandPMET(Guangdong).Withtheguidanceoftheteacher,studentsexploretheexamplesentencesonebyone.,造成句子理解困难的主要原因:1.Inversion:倒装句与正常语序不同,往往会加深理解的难度Coupledwiththegrowingquantityofinformationisthedevelopmentoftechnologieswhichenablethestorageanddeliveryofmoreinformationwithgreaterspeedtomorelocationsthanhaseverbeenpossiblebefore.,2.Subjunctivemood:虚拟语气是一个语法难点。其表示的内容与真实相反，加上其形式变化多种多样，就加大了理解上的困难。IfthebeeshadstayedinBrazil,thiswouldhavebeenbadenough.Butnowtheyareonthemove,headingnorthwardincountlessmillionstowardsCentralandNorthAmerica.,3.Comparativedegreeandsuperlativedegree:比较级和最高级也是增加句子难度的因素之一Nolessimportantthanstudentsacademicworkaretheirextra-curricularactivities.A.Extra-curricularactivitiesareequallyimportantcomparedwithacademicwork.B.Academicworkislessimportantthanextra-curricularactivities.C.Extra-curricularactivitiesaremuchmoreimportantthanacademicwork.D.Academicwork,nolessthanextra-curricularactivities,isimportant.,4.Double-negation:双重否定:有的句子含有形式上和语义上的双重否定设置圈套,会干扰阅读者的思维。Itwasnotunusualtoseechildrendoingtheworkofadultsingreatmanyruralareas.=Itwasusualthatchildrenoftendidadultsworkinmanyruralareas.,5.Setphrasesandexpressionsthataredifficulttounderstand：有时一个句子难以理解，是由于句子中的某一个习惯用语或固定词组引起的。如果阅读者不熟悉的话，整个句子的理解也就无从下手。因此平时尽可能地多掌握一些固定词组和习惯用语是非常必要的。Harrywasacapablelawyer,butitwasdifficultforhimtoliveuptothereputationestablishedbyhismorebrilliantfather.=ThoughHarrywasacapablelawyer,itwasdifficultforhimtoequalthereputationsetupbyhisfather,whowasmorebrilliantthanhim.,6.以高考试题readingcomprehensiontestsofNMETandPMET(Guangdong)作为实例来进行句法分析，采取”分割”的办法（即去掉主要句子成分主语、谓语和宾语之间的分割成分），来分析语法，找出主要意思，以达到”化繁为简，化难为易”的目的，因为表面看起来复杂的句子其实都由若干个简单句所构成。Complexsentencescontainslotsofclause-levelinformation.Theyaccountforalargeproportioninthereadingmaterialsfortests.,(NMET)HefoundoutthatKitWilliamshasspenthischildhoodnearAmpthill,inBedfordshire,andthoughtthathemusthaveburiedthehareinaplaceheknewwell,buthestillcouldnotseetheconnectionwithKatherineofAragon,untilonedayhecameacrosstwocrossesinAmpthillParkandlearntthattheyhadbeenbuiltinherhonorin1773.分析:这是由三个并列分句构成的句子:HefoundoutthatKitWilliamshasspenthischildhoodnearAmpthill,inBedfordshire;,Hethoughtthathemusthaveburiedthehareinaplaceheknewwell;hestillcouldnotseetheconnectionwithKatherineofAragon,untilonedayhecameacrosstwostonecrossesinAmpthillParkandlearntthattheyhadbeenbuiltinherhonorin1773.在第一和第二个分句中,分别有两个宾语从句：KitWilliamshasspenthischildhoodnearAmpthill,inBedfordshire和hemusthaveburiedthehareinaplaceheknewwell.第三个分句较为复杂些：其中有一个句型notuntil;在由until引导的时间状语从句中又有一个宾语从句：theyhadbeenbuiltinherhonorin1773作learnt的宾语。,Workingroups:(6studentsinagroup)Eightgroupsareformedoutof48students,eachhaving2exactlythesamecomplexsentences(Ajudgingpanelof6studentswaspreviouslyformed).Eachgroupisrequiredtoeithertranslatethe2designatedsentencesintoproperChineseorparaphraseit.,.Maintask:(23)Activity1:,Activity2:Displayandcompete,Getthegroupstodisplaytheirresultsonebyone;Thejudgingpaneldecidesthebesttwogroups;Thenthegroupleadersofthetwogroupsverballysharehowtheygottheirworkdone.,1.(PMETGD2006)HowmanypeoplehaveImetwhohavetoldmeaboutthebooktheyhavebeenplanningtowritebuthaveneveryetfoundthetime?2.(PMETGD2007)Ifwetoldtheclerkabouttheunchargeditem,theclerkwouldbegratefulandthankusforourhonestyandwewouldleavethestorewithaquietsenseofhonorthatwemightneversharewithanothersoul.,.Post-task:(4)1.Teacherofferscongratulationstothewinners;2.Teachersummarizestheactivities,suggestingwaysforimprovement.Assignment:(1)1.Givethestudentsopportunitiestopracticemorereadingcomprehension.Theyareencouragedtoapplytheanalyzingskillstheyhavejustlearned.,2.Studentsareexpectedtotakedownthecomplexsentencestheymeetwithintheirreadingpractice,sharewitheachotheranddealwiththesentencestogetherandprogressinreadingcomprehensiontogether.Becooperativeandcompetitive!,Practice:(PMETGD2006)1.Whetherthefinalconsequencesofsuchanexperimentwillcauseseriousdamageornothingmorethanasmalltroublestillremainstobeseen.2.Thesearetimeswhennothingisimportantbutthebottomline,whenyoucandothingsanyoldway,when,inshort,peoplelookonworkasapathtoever-increasingconsumptionratherthanawaytorealizetheirownabilities.,3.(2006)Insuchaperioditisararecomforttofindacobblerwhogetshisgreatestsatisfactionfromprideinajobwelldone.4.(2006)Whatmakesthisclassdifferfromthelowerclassis,first,longerperiodsofemploymentandtherefore,morefixedincomesand,second,employmentinskilledorsemiskilledoccupations,notunskilledones.,5.(2007)Todayitseemsthatoneofthebestwaystoprotectyoursavingsandevenincreaseyourwealthistobuybeautifulobjectsfromthepast.6.(2007)Fordecades,thefirst-choicetreatmentformalariaparasitesinAfricahasbeenchloroquine,achemicalverycheapandeasytomake.,7.(2008)Itverywellmightbethatyouareexperiencinganegativeself-imagebecauseyoucantmovepastoneflaworweaknessthatyouseeaboutyourself.8.(2008)Thebestwaytogetridofanegativeserf-imageistorealizethatyourimageisfarfromobjectives,andtoactivelyconvinceyourselfofyourpositivequalities.Changingthewayyouthinkandworkingonthoseyouneedtoimprovewillgoalongwaytowardspromotingapositiveself-image.,9.(2008)TheissueisnottheaccuracyofTolstoysdescriptionitseemsnotthatfarofffromhistoricalaccountsbuthischoiceoffacts:otherthingsthatcouldbesaidofthemanarenotsaid.10.(2008)TohaveonesearpulledbytheEmperorwasconsideredthegreatesthonorandmarkoffavorattheFrenchcourt.“Well,well,whydontyousayanything?”saidhe,asifitwasridiculousinhispresencetorespectanyonebuthimself,Napoleon.,Generalreadingstrategies(策略)forstudents:1.Readphrasebyphrase,ratherthanwordbyword.2.Donttrytounder