2012高考英语状语从句.ppt

一、句子的分类,二、并列句的基本概念并列句是由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成。在并列句中，这些简单句常由并列连词连在一起。并列连词所连接的简单句被称为分句。三、常见的并列句1表递进关系：用来表递进关系的并列连词有and，notonly.butalso.，neither.nor.，not.but.等。,2表选择关系：常用的并列连词有or，either.or.，otherwise等。Eitheryouareright，orIam.3表转折关系：常用的并列连词有but，yet，whereas，while等。Janesaidshewasill，yetIsawherinthestreetjustnow.简说她病了，但刚才我在街上看到了她。4表因果关系：常用的并列连词有so，for。TheshopswereclosedsoIdidntgetanymilk.商店都关门了，所以我没买到牛奶,典例1(2011年高考山东卷)Findwaystopraiseyourchildrenoften，_youllfindtheywillopentheirheartstoyou.AtillBorCandDbut解析句意：如果你能找到一些方法来经常表扬你的孩子，你就会发现他们会向你敞开心扉。本题所考查的句式为“祈使句and/or陈述句”。本句中前面的祈使句表示条件，后面的陈述句表示条件下的结果，故用and连接；or表示“否则”，与句意不符。答案C,AdverbialClauses,状语从句,1.AdverbialClausesofTime:（时间状语从句）,DifferentKindsofAdverbialClauses:,2.AdverbialClausesofReason(原因状语从句）,3.AdverbialClausesofConditions(条件状语从句）,4.AdverbialClausesofPlace(地点状语从句）,5.AdverbialClausesofPurpose(目的状语从句）,6.AdverbialClausesofResult（结果状语从句）,7.AdverbialClausesofComparison（比较）,8.AdverbialClausesofConcession(让步）,9.AdverbClausesofManner(方式状语从句),1.AdverbialClausesofTime:（时间状语从句）when,while,as,before,after,since,until,assoonas,everytime,eachtime,themoment,bythetime,theminute,immediately,directly,instantly等，当用于assoonas意义时，也可以引导时间状语从句.,定义：在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句，它可以用来修饰谓语（包括非谓语动词）、定语或状语，或是整个句子。,准确掌握每一个连词的含义是掌握状语从句的关键。同时要注意主从句的时态呼应。,高考英语状语从句及连接词的应用,AdverbialClauses,AdverbialClausesofTime:（时间状语从句）,1._hecomesheretomorrow,Iwillcallyou.2._hewaswalkinginthestreet,hemetTim.3.Shesang_sheworked.,When,While/When,as,小结:当.的时候当的时候when这时,正在这时while而,然而既然趁着的时候当.的时as一边.一边.随着.,4.Therewasanapplause_sheappearedonthestage.,themoment(assoonas)theminute/thesecond/immediately/directly/instantly,5.Itwontbelong_hefinisheshiswriting.6._hehadfinishedhiswork,heleftthere.7.Itistwoyears_hecamehere.8._Icatchacold,Ihavepaininmyback.9._shetoldme,Ihadnoideaofwhattheyhadsaid,before,After,since,Everytime/eachtime,Until,when:持续性非持续性动词都可,1).当时2).正在忽然,Areyougoingtobeasailorwhenyouleaveschool?,sb.wasdoingwhensbwasabouttodo/wasgoingtodowhensbhasjustdonewhen,when=atthistime/atthattime,3).还可以表示原因“既然”“考虑到”，相当于since;consideringthat。如：Whydoyouwantanewjobwhenyouvegotsuchagoodonealready?,4.既然,whileWhileIwaswalkingdownthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriend.(while=_)Helikespopmusic,whileIamfondoffolkmusic.WhileIreallydontlikeart,Ifindhisworkimpressive.(while=_)Whilethereislifethereishope.(while=_),when,although,aslongas,as:当；一边一边；随着,某事一发生，另一事立即发生两个动作同时发生,Asthecaptainpassedme,Iaskedhimwhethertherewasanyhopeofsavingtheship.,Asthedayswenton,theweathergotbetter.,as1.Shesangassheworked.2.Smartasheis,hedoesntstudyhard.3.YoumusttrytodoasIdid.4.Asshewaslateforclass,shehadtosaysorry.,beforeItwillbehalfayearbeforeIcomeback.Itwontbehalfayearbeforewemeetagain.Wesailedfourdaysandnightsbeforewesawtheland.Wehadntrunamilebeforehefelttired.,肯定句“才”否定句“就”,itwillbe+一段时间before.多久之后才.,itwontbe+一段时间before.不久就.,考点:名词短语引导时间状语从句1.WheneverytimeIwasintrouble,hewouldcometohelpme.2.Atnexttimeyoucome,dorememberbringyoursonhere.3.ForthefirsttimeImetthegirl.Ifeltinlovewithher.4.Youarewelcometocomebackatanytimeyouwantto.5.AtthelasttimeshesawJames,hewaslyinginbed.语法规则：,everytime,eachtime,nexttime,thefirsttime,anytime等名词短语引导状语从句不加介词。,考点:“一就”“刚.就”我一到达上海就给你打电话。（时态）时态要求：改错:Ihardlygothomewhenitbegantorain翻译为“刚就”的连接词有时态要求：.,IwillcallyouassoonasIarriveinShanghai.,had,以一般现在时代替将来时,主句用haddone,从句用did,nosooner.than,hardly.when,scarcely.when,till,until和notuntil：1.until/till引导时间状语从句用于肯定句时，主句的动词是延续性动词，表示动作或状态一直持续到until/till所表示的时间，意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”。如：Wewaiteduntilhecame.2用于否定句时，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，从句为肯定，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”。如：Hewontgotobedtill/untilshereturns.3till不可以置于句首，而until可以。如：UntilyoutoldmeIhadnoideaofit.4notuntil句型中的强调和倒装说法：ItwasnotuntilyoutoldmethatIhadanyideaofit.NotuntilyoutoldmedidIhaveanyideaofit.,1.ItwasntuntilnearlyamonthlaterIreceivedthemanagersreply.A.sinceB.whenC.asD.that,2.Itwasnearlyamonth_Ireceivedthemanagersreply.,3.Itwasnearly9oclock_Ireceivedthemanagersreply.,4.Itwasnearlyat9oclock_Ireceivedthemanagersreply.,before,when,that,考点:易混淆句型itis+时间+sincebeforewhenthatItisfiveyears_hefinishedhisresearch.Itwasfiveyears_hefinishedhisresearch.Itwasfiveyearslater_hefinishedhisresearch.Itwas5oclock_hegothome.Itwasat5oclock_hegothome.,when,that,since,before,that,AdverbialClausesofPlace(地点状语从句）Youdbettermarkamark_youhaveanyquestion.Youdbettermarkamarkattheplace_youhaveanyquestion.-Mom,whatdidyourdoctorsay?-Headvisedmetolive_theairisfresher?inwhereB.inwhichC.theplacewhereD.where,where,where,AdverbialClausesofReason(原因状语从句）1.Becausehewasill,hedidntgotoschool.2._youdonotunderstand,Iwillexplainagain.3.Asshewaslateforclass,shehadtosaysorry.4._classisover,letsgotoplayfootball.5.Hemustbeill,_heisabsenttoday.,Since,Nowthat,for,because,since,as,for,because直接原因，非推断语气最强回答whysince通常放句首译为“既然”as不谈自明的原因，语气最弱for放句中，引导后半句表原因。,becausesinceasfornowthatconsidering(that)seeing(that),既然,考虑到鉴于,鉴于由于既然因为,AdverbialClausesofReason,AdverbialClausesofPurpose(目的状语从句)1.Theysetoutearly_theymightarrivethereintime.2.Takeyourraincoat_itshouldrain.3.Theboyhidhimselfbehindthetree_hisfathershouldseehim.,sothat(inorderthat),incase,incase/forfearthat,1.Idliketoarrive20minutesearly_Icanhavetimeforacupoftea.A.assoonasB.asaresultC.incaseD.sothat2.Youdbettertakesomethingtoreadwhenyougotoseethedoctor_youhavetowait.A.evenifB.asifC.incaseD.inorderthat,AdverbialClausesofResult(结果状语从句)Itis_goodastorythatIllneverforgetit.Itis_agoodstorythatIllneverforgetit.,so,such,ifonceas/solongasasfarasunlessonconditionthatincase,suppose/supposing,providing,provided,AdverbialClausesofConditions,_youtouchanEnglishperson,youshouldsay“sorry”._theyaredirty,certainseasarenotabletocleanthemselves._wedontloseheart,wellfindawaytoovercomethedifficulty._Iknowyoushouldnthaveanyproblemthere.,If,Once,Aslongas,Asfaras,Youcanhavemybicycleforafewdays_youreturnitbySunday._anythingimportanthappens,pleasecallmeup._youhadonemilliondollars,whatwouldyoudo?Donttouchanything_yourteachertellsyouto.,onconditionthat,Incase,Suppose/Supposing,unless,AdverbialClausesofManner(方式状语从句)Youmusttrytodo_Idid.Theoldladytreatstheboy_hewereherson.,asif/though,as,AdverbialClausesofConcession(让步状语从句）_heisold,heworkshard._yousayso,Idontbelieveit.Smart_heis,hedoesntstudyhard.Theoldtowermustbesaved,_thecost.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whereverwhether/nomatterwhetherwhoever/nomatterwhowhatever/nomatterwhatwhenever/nomatterwhen,Although(Though),Eventhough(evenif),as,as倒装“虽然尽管”:though,Lateasitwas,theykeptonworking.Childasheis,heknowsalot.MuchasIadmirehisfather,IdontlikeJohn.Tryasyoumay,youmightfailaswell.Borrowthebookasyoumay,youmustreturnitontime.,AdverbialClausesofComparison（比较状语从句）1.Hedoesntworksohardasyoudo.2.Themoreyouworry,thelessyoullsucceed.3.Shedidworseinthetest_sheexpected.,than,考点:the+比较级.the+比较级Therearethingspeopleacceptless,_youdefendthem.A.asB.whileC.themomentD.themore,高考常考点状语从句的省略6规则一状语从句的省略要遵循6规则：(1).状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，或状语从句的主语是it.(2).状语从句中含有be动词。这时可以把状语从句的主语和be动词一起省略掉，这样使得语言更加简洁明了。状语从句的省略常包含如下结构。,1.连词+名词他表现得就好像是个傻子一样。Heactsasifafool.2.连词+形容词趁年轻要努力学习，要不然你会后悔的。Workhardwhenyoung,oryoullregret.她虽然很富有，但仍过着简单的生活。_,sheleadsasimplelife.3.连词+现在分词美国总统布什在与胡锦涛主席会谈时，感谢中国在六方会谈中起的重要作用。WhileholdingtalkswithPresidentHuJintao,theUSPresidentGeorgeBushthankedChinaforitsimportantroleintheSix-PartyTalks.,4.连词+过去分词Ifuntreated，itwouldproduceapowerfulpoisonthatwouldkillthepatient.4.连词+过去分词Ifuntreated，itwouldproduceapowerfulpoisonthatwouldkillthepatient.Nobodyboughttheproduct,however,becausewhentranslateditmeant“Xputslivingthingsintodryhair.”5.连词+介词短语我在上大学时就开始认识他，一个奇怪但有能力的学生。Whileatcollege,Ibegantoknowhim,astrangebutablestudent.,6.连词+不定式Thepatientopenedhismouthasiftospeak.病人张开嘴巴好像要说什么。,在高中课本中，状语从句的省略是重点之一，也是难点之一。如单项选择题_inthedark，hisheadhitagainstatree.A.WhenwalkingB.WhenhewaswalkingC.WalkedD.Hewaswalking很多学生做这种题时，不知如何选，只能瞎蒙。很多学生写作文时状语从句随便省略，不知其省略原则。如写出Becauselackpeople,ourstoresserviceisnotverygood这种错句。通过我这堂课的详细讲解后，同学们更深刻地理解了状语从句及其省略形式，提高了选题的准确性和写作的规范性。,一般说来省略现象多出现在下列五种状语从句中：由when,while,as,before,after,till,until,once等引导的时间状语从句；由whether,if,unless等引导的条件状语从句；由though,although,evenif,whatever等引导的让步状语从句；由as,than等引导的比较状语从句；由as,asif,asthough等引导的方式状语从句。上述状语从句在省略时，并非任何成分都可以省略而是遵循下面原则：（1）当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，可以省略状语从句的主语和系动词be，这时从句中可出现如下结构：连词（as,asif,once）+名词,三、条件状语从句中的省略常用的句型是：ifnecessary,ifpossible,iftrue,ifanyone等。If(itis)necessary,ringmeathome.如果有可能，朝我家里打电话。Comealongwithmeif(itis)possible.如果有可能和我一起去吧.。If(itis)true,thiswillcauseusalotoftrouble.如果是真的，这会给我们带来很多麻烦。Therearefewpeoplenowadays,if(thereare)any,whorememberhim.很少有人能记起他。,1.Itwasevening_wereachedthelittletownofWinchester.A.thatB.untilC.s