新目标英语八下unit1知识点讲解及练习.doc

Unit 1. Whats the matter? 1. when the driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road. . 这时司机看到一位老人正躺在路边。 see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事 e.g. When I pass the window I see him drawing a picture. see sb. do sth. 看见某人做过某事 e.g. I often see him draw a picture. Eg: 1) 我看见他时他正在河边玩。 I saw him _ by the river. 2) 我看见过他在河边玩。 I saw him _ by the river. 3) 我看着他过了桥。 I see him _ across the bridge. 4) 我看见她正在洗碗。 I see her _ the dishes. 2. The bus driver, 24-year-old Wang Ping, stopped the bus without thinking twice. He only thought about saving a life. 共同点：介词 + doing 介词 + 名词 宾格代词 doing1) I am fine. What about _ (she)?2) Thanks for _ (tell) me the story?3) It is a sunny day. How about _ (go) fishing?4) It is good to relax by _ (use) the Internet or _ (watch) game shows.3. But to his surprise, they all agreed to go with him. to ones surprise 使.惊讶的是，出乎.意料 e.g. To their surprise, all the students pass the exam. Much to everyones surprise, the plan succeeded.4. because they dont want any trouble, . 当trouble意为“困难；麻烦”时，是不可数名词。 如：Im sorry to give you so much trouble. (1)be in trouble意为“有困难；陷入困境”。 如: He always asks me for help when he is in trouble.(2) get sb. into trouble 意为“使某人陷入困境”。 如: If you come, you may get me into trouble.(3) 主语 + have / has trouble (in) doing sth. 意为“某人在做某事方面有困难”。 如: I have some trouble (in) reading the letter. 当trouble意为“麻烦事；烦心事”时，是可数名词。 如： She was on the phone for an hour telling me her troubles. 活学活用：根据汉语意思完成英语句子。 1) 他认为每天吃饭是一件麻烦事。 He thinks that eating every day is _.2) 你知道你现在为什么处于困境吗？ Do you know why you _ now? 3) 我妹妹在学习英语方面有困难。 My sister _ English.5needed to go the hospital right away. right away 意为“立刻；马上”，和 in a minute 意思相近。 Eg: Ill be there right away / in a minute. 另外，right now和 at once也可表示“立刻; 马上”的意思。 Eg：你必须马上出发。 You must start _.词组总结：1) 看到某人正在做某事 see sb. doing sth.2) 让某人吃惊的是 to ones surprise3) 下车 get off the bus4) 上车 get on the bus5) 多亏，幸亏 thanks to6) 考虑 think about7) 同意做某事 agree to do sth.8) 造成麻烦 get into troubleExercise： 用括号内的词的适当形式填空。1. The driver saw an old man _ (lie) on the road.2. I sat in the same way without _ (move).3. He only thought about _ (save) a life and didnt think about _ (him).4. The old man needed _ (go) to the hospital.5. A woman was _ (shout) for help.6. He expected them _ (get) off the bus.6. 反身代词又称为自身代词，表示动作行为反射到行为执行者本身。它还可以在句中起到强调的作用，用以加强语气。 英语中共有八个反身代词，在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性别、数上保持一致。其基本形式如下表所示：第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves(1) 可用作宾语，指的是宾语和主语表示同一个或同一些的人或事物。 Eg: Maria bought herself a scarf. 玛丽亚给自己买了一条围巾。 We must look after ourselves very well. 我们必须好好照顾自己。(2) 可用作表语，指的是表语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物。 Eg: She isnt quite herself today. 她今天身体不太舒服。(3) 可用作主语或宾语的同位语，常用来加强 语气。 Eg: She herself will fly to London tomorrow. 明天她自己将要坐飞机去伦敦。 I met the writer himself last week. 我上周见到了那位作家本人。(4) 用在某些固定短语当中。 照顾自己 look after oneself / take care of oneself 自学 teach oneself sth./ learn sth. by oneself 玩得高兴，过得愉快 enjoy oneself 请自用（随便吃/喝些） help oneself to sth. 摔伤自己 hurt oneself 自言自语 say to oneself 沉浸于，陶醉于之中 lose oneself in 把某人单独留下 leave sb. by oneself 给自己买.东西 buy oneself sth. 介绍自己 introduce oneselfExercise: 1. My classmate, Li Ming, made a card for _ just now.2. Bad luck! I cut _ with a knife yesterday. 3. They tell us they can look after _ very well.4. My cat can find food by _.5. Help _ to some beef, boys.7. 观察以下两个句子，总结 so that， 和 so that 的用法。 1) He bandaged himself so that he would not lose too much blood. 2) His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing mountains even after this experience. so that 既可引导目的状语从句又可引导结果状语从句。引导目的状语从句时可译为 “为了”, 引导结果状语从句时可译为“以便”。e.g. I speak loudly so that all the students can hear me clearly. (目的状语从句) Maria likes the woolen dress so that she decides to buy it immediately. (结果状语从句)so. that.中的so是副词，常用来修饰形容词或副词，“如此以致于”。 主语 + 谓语 + so + adj. / adv. + that从句。 e.g. The boy ran so fast that I couldnt catch him. so + adj. + a(n) + 单数名词 + that从句。 e.g. It was so fine a day yesterday that we all went out for a picnic. 昨天天气很好，我们都出去野餐了。8. There were many times when Aron almost lost his life because of accidents. 这是由when引导的定语从句。修饰前面的名词times。 e.g. I thought of the happy days when I stayed in London. He still remembers the time when you give him the book as a gift.9. he wrote a book called Between a Rock and a Hard Place. Between a Rock and a Hard Place. 此句为习语。表在艰难或危险的处境下“从两难中进行选择”。e.g. -Who will you save when your mother and wife are both in water? -Its between a rock and a hard place.Exercise:1. Mr. More has more money than Mr. Little. But he doesnt enjoy _. A. he B. him C. his D. himself2. Lily was 9 years old. _ was old enough to go to school _. A. She, she B. She, herself C. Her, herself D. Her, She3. I made the cake by _. Help _, Tom.A. ourselves, yourself B. myself, yourself C. myself, you D. me, him4. Who taught _ history last year? Nobody! He learned it _.A. him, himself B. his, himself C. himself, himself D. his, him5. The camera is _ expensive _ I cant afford it. A. so, that B. such, that C. so, as to D. enough, that 6. Miss Gao asked a question, but it was _ that nobody could answer it.A. very difficult B. too difficult C. difficult enough D. so difficult UNIT 1 Whats the matter?.单项填空21. Theres rain on the road, so she should drive carefully. A.too muchB.too manyC.much tooD.many too22. The “teacher-free exam” means that students take their exams teachers.Students must be more honest. A.withoutB.againstC.through D. with23.You should look after ,classmates. A.yourselvesB.yourselfC.herselfD.himself24.You shouldnt make mistakes . A.in same wayB.at same wayC.in the same wayD.at the same way25.I saw him when I passed by. A.ranB.runC.runsD.running26.We should be careful when we the bus. A.get downB.get outC.get upD.get off27.Did you catch your plane?Yes. We got there just . A.on timeB.at timesC.in timeD.in the time28.（2015山东青岛)The movie is so interesting that I dont seeing it again tomorrow. A.enjoyB.mindC.keepD.finish29.Usually, leaves trees in autumn. A.fall downB.fall offC.get downD.get off30.Aron water five days later. A.ran outB.used outC.ran out ofD.used out of31. Smoking is bad for your health. You should . A.give up itB.give up themC.give it upD.give them up32.I dont know if he tomorrow. If he , please let me know. A.will come;comesB.will come;will come C.comes;comesD.comes;will come33. I think I should keep on the guitar at home. A.playB.to playC.playedD.playing34.（2015江苏苏州)Has Jane done the washing yet? You cannot her to do such a thing. A.wantB.hopeC.expectD.wish 35.The book is for us to read. A.good enoughB.enough goodC.too goodD.good too.完形填空Stuart and Steve were twin brothers. Stuart loved to play basketball. But Steve loved to read books. One day Stuart was playing basketball 36 he fell and broke his leg. When they took him to the hospital, the doctor said he wouldnt be able to play for six months. Steve went 37 him and brought him books on basketball. At first Stuart wasnt going to read them. Then he began to read them and 38 that there were ways he could play basketball better. He began to think that books werent 39 .When Stuarts leg started getting better, Steve would help him by going for walks with him. 40 Stuarts doctor said he could start playing basketball again. Then Stuart showed Steve how to toss(投) for baskets. Steve found that he enjoyed it.Then Stuart was ready to 41 the basketball games. Steve went to watch the games and enjoyed himself. They then 42 practiced basketball and read books together.So you can see, when 43 happens, something good may also happen. Steve showed Stuart about books and Stuart showed Steve about basketball. So you can also 44 showing others something that you like to do and they can show you something that they like to do. 45 you can find new things to do.36.A.untilB.whenC.afterD.where37.A.on seeingB.to callC.to visitD.to look38.A.sawB.lookedC.readD.found39.A.goodB.badC.betterD.worse40.A.ButB.HoweverC.FinallyD.So41.A.take partB.winC.loseD.join in42.A.alwaysB.neverC.seldomD.much43.A.anything goodB.something niceC.something badD.anything wrong44.A.tryB.practiceC.enjoyD.like45.A.On the wayB.By the wayC.In a wayD.In this way.阅读理解Teens are gaining（增加)weight.Today most teenagers are at least one size larger than teens were 20 years ago.Even clothing sizes have changed.Did you know that a small today used to be a medium 20 years ago?A recent research shows 97% of teens need more exercise.Its bad news because too little exercise means you are missing a lot of good things in life.Exercise helps in two ways.First，exercise helps your body.Physical activity can make your body strong.It can also keep you at a healthy weight.Doctors say that people who stay at a healthy weight have fewer health problems.Second，exercise can help your mind.People who get plenty of physical activity might worry less and sleep better at night.You may even learn better in school.Students who are healthy can listen and understand better in class.You can change your life and be more active at any point.Its never too late.An article called“How to Limit Screen Time and Get Moving” gives these ideas：Step away from the screen.Doctors call watching TV or playing video games screen time.You should have no more than two hours of screen time a day.You will enjoy life more if you live it instead of watching it!Start slowly.An hour a day can seem like a long time.Start with 10 minutes of new activities every day.Add more as you get stronger.Think about walking.Take the stairs instead of the lift.You will feel healthier.Make fitness fun.Find a sport you like.It doesnt need to be the traditional sports of basketball，soccer，or baseball.Those are all great sports and if you like them，play them.However，you can also try hiking，skateboarding，or even rope jumping.If you enjoy the sport，you will do it.Choose food carefully.Help your family shop for healthy food.Read the labels（标签).Look for healthy foods.Eat lots of fruits and vegetables.Stop buying soft drinks and junk foods.You will feel better if you eat right.Exercise with others.Find a friend or family member to exercise or play with you.You will have more fun and it helps keep you responsible for going.46.What is the main idea of Paragraph 1? A.Teens are gaining weight. B.Teens are one size larger. C.Teens clothing sizes changed. D.A small used to be a medium.47.Which of the following is a FACT from the passage? A.You should have no more than two hours of screen time a day. B.You will have more fun and it helps keep you responsible for going. C.A recent research shows 97% of teens need more exercise. D.However，you can also try hiking，skateboarding，or even rope jumping.48.Where might you find this passage? A.In a story.B.In a magazine. C.In a play.D.In a speech.根据句意及首字母提示完成单词49.Whats the m with you?50.Theres something wrong with my t .I want to see a dentist.51.People use k to cut things.52. He usually goes to school on f_.53.We know the i of English study.54.Dont take r . Its dangerous.55.They made a d to visit Hainan.56. We hear with our e_and see with our e_. 57.You have a fever and you should take your t .用所给单词的适当形式填空58.He can stay there for ten hours without (move).59.She was ill and had to (go) to a doctor.60.You shouldnt always think about (you).61.We expect (visit) the Great Wall one day.62.He told me (not wait) for him.63.They agreed (help) each other.64.We should give up bad (habit).65.It is (importance) to study hard.66.He can keep on (swim) for two hours.67.They dont mind (climb) the mountain.补全对话。根据对话内容在空白处填入一个适当的词语使对话完整。 Doctor: Whats 68 with you, young man? Paul: I dont feel 69 . Doctor: Im 70 to hear that. Please take 71 your shirt and 72 down on the bed. Paul: Yes, doctor. Doctor: Well, theres 73 much wrong with you. Do your take much exercise? Paul: No, doctor. I never have 74 time for exercise. Doctor: How do you sleep? Paul: Very badly, doctor. Can you give me 75 medicine to help me sleep? Doctor: Yes, I can, but Im not going to. You dont need medicine. Just take more exercise. Paul: Youre right, doctor. Its important for me to 76 healthy. Thank you for your advice. Doctor: Youre welcome. I 77 you feel better soon.书面表达（15分）你的朋友Jack由于长时间玩电脑游戏，现在头痛、眼睛不舒服、腰背酸痛，并且睡不好觉。写一篇短文介绍一下他的情况，并给出你对他的建议。要求：（1）内容包含所提供的信息，可适当发挥；（2）书写认真，句子通顺；（3）词数：80词左右。 UNIT 1 Whats the matter?检测题II.21.Arain意为“雨水”，是不可数名词。在所给的四个选项中只有too much可以修饰不可数名词，意为“太多”。22.Awithout意为“没有”；against意为“反对”；through意为“通过，穿过”。with意为“具有，带有”。由后句句意“学生们必须更加诚实”推知前面的考试指的是学生在无老师监考的情况下进行考试。故选without。23.Alook after oneself意为“照顾自己”；classmates是复数形式，故选yourselves。24.C句意为“你不应该犯同一种错误”。in the same way意为“同一种方式”，是固定短语。25.D本题考查see sb. doing sth.和see sb. do sth.。由when I passed by(当我经过的时候)可知，当时“他正在跑”,故用see sb. doing sth.(看见某人正在做某事)。26.Dget off意为“下车”。27.C根据语境可知，应该是“刚好赶到”，故用in time(及时)。28.Benjoy意为“喜欢”；mind意为“介意”；keep意为“保持”；finish意为“完成”。由主句句意“这部电影这么有趣”可推知从句句意为“我不介意明天再看一遍”，故选B。29.B由常识可知“树叶通常在秋天落下”，故选fall off(从掉下)。30.C句意为“五天后Aron用完了水”。“用完”可用run out (of)，当主语是人时，用run out of，故选C。31.Cgive up“放弃”，代词作宾语时放在give和up之间。smoking是不可数名词，故用it代替。32.A由句意判断，前句中if意为“是否”，引导宾语从句；后句中if意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句。宾语从句的主句是一般现在时，从句用适合句意的时态，根据从句的时间状语tomorrow可知，应该用一般将来时。含有条件状语从句的复合句中，当主句是祈使句或是一般将来时的句子时，if从句用一般现在时。故答案为A。33.Dkeep on doing sth.意为“继续做某事”。34.Cwant sb.to do sth.“想要某人做某事”；hope 后不能跟sb.to do sth.；expect sb.to do sth.“期望某人做某事；指望某人做某事”；wish sb.to do sth.“希望某人做某事”。问句为“简洗完衣服了吗？”，由答语的语气可判断出句意是“你不能指望她做这样的事情”。因此C项符合题意。35.Aenough修饰形容词、副词时应后置，故选A。III.36.B根据上下文可知，“他摔伤腿时正在打篮球”。故选when。37.C由句意可知此处应为“看望他”，故选to visit。38.D由上下文知，他通过读书发现了打篮球的好方法。“找到，发现”为find,其过去式为found。39.B由上文知，他开始认为读书不是坏事。40.Cfinally意为“最后，终于”。41.D由下文知，Stuart在伤好后，又参加篮球比赛。take part意为“参加”，但其后接宾语时必须加in; join in表示参加某项活动，符合语境，故选D。42.Aalways副词，意为“总是，一直”。43.C与下文something good相对，故此处选C项，表示“当不好的事情发生时，好的事情也有可能发生”。44.Atry doing sth.意为“尝试做某事”。45.D根据上文，通过互相展示爱好，从别人的爱好中发现自己新的爱好。on the way“在路上”；by the way“顺便说一下”；in a way“从某种意义上说”；in this way“用这种方式”。故D项符合句意。IV.46. A 由第一段中Today most teenagers are at least one size larger than teen