新九年级上册第三单元英语知识点.doc

芆Could you tell me where the restrooms are?蚆1.表示委婉请求的句型芁Excuse me.could you please.?请你。好吗？莁Will you please do sth?蚇Would you like to do sth?肄肯定回答常用sure/of course/no problem/id love /like to.芄否定回答常用sorry，id love/like to.,but.等蒁注意：could为can的过去式，语气比can 更委婉肈2.past ,over,across,through的区别螆past肃从。旁边经过蒁表示时间上的超过或空间上的越过葿over芃从。上方跨越而过袂表示动作发生在物体的上方薁across薆横穿，越过羅表示动作是在某一物体的表面进行的，强调从一端到另一端蚀through蚁穿过，越过羆表示动作在某一空间内进行的，强调从内部穿过蒃The man is walking past a shop.这个男人正走过一家商店。蚃There is a bridge over the river.河面上有座桥。螁The little boy is walking across the road.这个小男孩正步行穿过马路。莇He can go through the forest by himself.他能独自穿过森林。膅3.start 和begin 的区别蒂首先，start doing sth 表示 开始做某事袁其次，当开始讲时，start和begin二者可互换，但一下几种情况，只能用start不能用begin.1.2. 螈表示创办，开设时薃He started a new shop last year.去年他开了一家新商店。3.4. 膁表示机器开动时羀Can you start the car?你能发动这辆车吗？5.6. 腿表示出发动身时莅We must start early.我们必须早点出发。芄4.常见的否定前缀A.B. 肀dis-表示“分开，分离，不”莆Like-dislike agree-disagree肇B.in/im/ir 表示“不，无”羃Possible-impossible polite-impolite regular-irregular肀C.un-表示“不，非”螇Able-unable like-unlike crowded-uncrowded蒅Happy-unhappy healthy-unhealthy螂5.Its +（not)+adj+for sb to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是(不)怎么样的膀eg.Its convenient for sb to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是方便的膈Its convenient for us to do that.那样做对我们来说是很方便的。膇Its not safe for sb to do sth 对某人来说做什么是不安全的薁Its not safe for children to swim in the river. 对孩子来说在河里游泳是不安全的。芀6.动词不定式做定语蕿eg.Could you tell me a good place to eat?你能告诉我一吃饭的好地方吗？蚄To eat 在句子里做定语，修饰前面的名词place.动词不定式做定语通常放在其所修饰的名词或代词之后，常见的此类名词还有way,time ,chance,opportunity等。薄eg.He had a opportunity to go abroad now.他有一次出国的机会。莀注意.如果不定式中的动词是不及物的，就要带上相关的介词，一定不能省略。蚅eg.I need some paper to write on.我需要一些用来写字的纸。莆She can find no one to make friends with.她找不到一个可以交朋友的人。莂Im looking for a room to live in.我正在找一个房间住。蒀7.花费的几种说法肆spend袄主语是人肁Spend time/money on doing sth 在某事、某物上花费时间、金钱薀Spend time/money (in)doing sth花费时间、金钱做某事takeIt做形式主语It takes sb some time to do sth 做某事花费某人多长时间cost主语是物Sth cost sb some money 某物花费某人多少钱pay主语是人Sb pay some oney for sth 某人为某物花费多少钱8.id like to know about.我想知道。Would like 表示想要在语气上比want 更委婉主要用法有：1.would like sth 想要某物 2.would like to do sth想要做某事 3.would like sb to do sth想要某人做某事9.关于time 的常见短语1. on time =at the right time 意为按时，准时Please dont be e here on time.请别迟到，准时来这里。2. In time 及时The man just in time for the plane.那个人正好赶上那次航班。3. At times=sometimes 有时I go to school without breakfast at times.有时我不吃早饭就去上学 。4. By the time 意为到。时候到.之前By the time we got to th