《高定语从句》PPT课件.ppt

定语从句,AttributiveClause,Nov.6,2012,*什么是句子成分？,Theearthquakehitthecityin1906.,_主语,_谓语,_宾语,_时间状语,Wespenttwodaysinthathouse.,_主语,_谓语,_宾语,_地点状语,Ilikehardworkingstudents.,_谓语,_宾语,_主语,_定语,Theearthquakeleftmanychildrenhomeless.,_主语,_谓语,_宾语,_补语,Mybrothersarecollegestudents.,_主语,_谓语,_表语,主谓宾定状补表,分析以下句子成分,1、Hegotupverylateyesterdaymorning.2、Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometowninthepasttenyears.3、MyfathercanspeakEnglishfluently.4、Hepointedoutthemistakesinmycomposition.,5、Thereportsoundsinteresting.6、Herjobistolookafterthechildren.7、Myfatherhasboughtmeanewbike.8、Grandmatoldmeaninterestingstorylastnight.,9、Allofusconsiderhimhonest.10、Wewillmakeourschoolmorebeautiful.11、Iwantyoutotellmethetruth.12、EverymorningwehearhimreadEnglishaloud.,英语中的五种基本句型,1、主语+不及物动词2、主语+及物动词+宾语3、主语+系动词+表语4、主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语5、主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语,Iwillspendthissummerholidayinthecountryside.There,theairisfreshandthewaterisclean.Thateveningwetalkedagreatdeal.Icanhearbirdssinginginthegreentrees.Yesterdayheofferedmeacoffee.,句2,句3,句1,句5,句4,*什么是定语？,定语是用来限定、修饰名词或代词的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用的表示。,Ex.请找出以下句子中的定语。1.Thelittleboylostabluepen.2.Thestudentintheclassroomneedshisbrothershelp.3.Thegirlwenttothebookstoreandboughtafamousbook.4.Thesmilingboylostthebagboughtbyhismother.5.Themanlivinginthishousealwaysmakesnoisesatnight.6.Theboywhowasstandingtherewantedtoseethegirlwhosemotherwasafamousdoctor.,*什么是定语从句？,在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。如：,Themanwholivesnexttoussellsbooks.ThisistheschoolwhereMr.Smithoncetaught.,*引导词在定语从句中起什么作用？,1.Themanwholivesnexttoussellsvegetables.who的作用:1）引导定从修饰theman2）代替先行词theman在定从中充当主语2.ThisistheschoolwhereMr.Smithoncetaught.where的作用:1）引导定从修饰theschool2）代替intheschool在定从中充当状语,定语从句的引导词关系代词：who,whom,that,which,whose,as关系副词：when,where,why*如何判断是使用关系代词还是关系副词？1)Thisisthemountainvillage_Istayedlastyear.2)Thisisthemountainvillage_Ivisitedlastyear.3)Illneverforgetthedays_Iworkedtogetherwithyou.4)Illneverforgetthedays_Ispentinthecountryside.,where,that/which,when,that/which,1.关系代词who/whom/that=先行词：人定语从句中缺主语时：that、who定语从句中缺宾语时：that、who、whom定语从句中缺表语时：thatEx.1)Ithankthewoman_helpedme.2)Theman_Isawintheofficetoldmetogoback.3)Ourteacherisnottheone_shewasmanyyearsago.,that/who,that/who/whom,that,2.关系代词that/which=先行词：物定语从句中缺主语：that、which定语从句中缺宾语：that、which定语从句中缺表语：thatEx.1)Didyouhearabouttheearthquake_happenedinSichuanProvince?2)Themovie_wesawlastnightwasveryinteresting.,that/which,that/which,3.关系代词whose=先行词：人、物，作定语,1)Thisisthescientistwhosenameisknownallovertheworld.2)Theroomwhosewindowfacessouthismine.,whose,1.“的”(定语),3.whose+n.充当定从的主语宾语,2.先行词：人物,thenameofwhom,thewindowofwhich,4.关系代词as=先行词：人、物，且被thesame,such,so或as修饰Heisnotthesamepersonashewas.表语2)Ihaveneverheardofsointerestingastoryasourteachertoldus.,宾语,3)Thisissuchagoodbookasinterestsusall.,主语,在定语从句中充当主、宾、表,Letshaveatry!,1.Herearemyneighbors_homewasdestroyedbytheearthquake.2.Theterribleshakingofthebuildingwokeupallthepeople_wereasleep.3.Severaldayslatermostofthebuildings_hadbeendamagedwererepaired.4.Thisfrightenedboy_motherwaslostinthedisasterislookingforhernow.,whose,that,that,whose,5.Wewenttoseeourteacher_husbandlosthislifeintheearthquake.6.“Isthistheyoungman_savedseveralpeopletrappedunderbuildings?”Sheasked.7.Illneverforgettheday_wespenttogether.8.Chinaisnolongerthecountry_shewas.9.Suchmachines_areusedinourworkshoparemadeinChina.10.Nowsheisnotsuchalovelygirl_shewastwoyearsago.,whose,who/that,that/which,that,as,as,5.关系副词when,where,why定语从句中作状语1)Iwillneverforgettheday_Imetyou.2)Idontknowthereason_shelooksunhappytonight.3)Thehouse_Ilived10yearsagohasbeenpulleddown.4)Irecentlywenttothetown_Iwasborn.,when,why,where,where,*是否先行词为时间、地点、原因的名词就一定用when,where和why?比较一：1)Thisisthefactory_wevisitedlastyear.2)Thisisthefactory_weworkedlastyear.比较二：1)Doyoubelievethereason_hewaslate?2)Doyoubelievethereason_hetoldyou?比较三：1）Iwontforgetthedays_wespentinJapan.2)Iwontforgetthedays_wespentourholidayinJapan.,that/which,where,why,that/which,that/which,when,*when/where/why=介词+which1.Thebuildingwherehelivedwasveryold.=inwhich2.1949istheyearwhenthenewChinawasfounded.=inwhich3.Hedidnttellmethereasonwhyhewasscoldedbytheteacher.,=forwhich,1.Thevillage_Ionceworkedhaschangedalot.A.whichB.whereC.thatD.onwhich2.Hehaslostthekeytothedesk_thepapersarekept.A.whichB.thatC.inwhichD.inthat3.Thisisthemostbeautifulpark_Ihave_visitedAwhich；everBthat；neverCwhich；yetDthat；ever4.Iwillneverforgettheday_IjoinedtheLeague.A.whichB.whenC.inwhichD.onthat5.WearetalkingaboutTonny,_youmetyesterdayA.whomBwhichCthatDwithwho,Letshaveatry!,B,C,D,B,A,6.Theroom_windowisopenismine.A.whichB.itsC.thatD.whose7.Isthistheverymuseum_someJapanesevisitorsvisitedlastWednesday？AoneBwhereCthatDwhich8.Thisistheshop_sellschildrensclothingAwhereBwhoCtheoneDwhich9.DoyouknowMrsJackson_daughterisafamouspoet？AthatherBwhoseCwhoDofwhom10.Theonlylanguage_iseasytolearnisthemothertongue.A.whichB.thatC./D.it,D,C,D,B,B,11.Thegirlhandedeverything_shehadpickedupinthestreettothepolice.A.whichB.inwhichC.thatD.all12._cleanstheblackboardshouldbepraised.A.ThatB.WhoC.TheonewhoD.Thestudentswho13.Those_madenomistakesintodaysexercisespleaseraiseyourhands.A.whichB.whomC.thatD.who14.Dontgoin.Thisistheshop_wehavejustbeen_.A./,toB.that,/C.where,toD.which,there,C,C,D,A,*“介词关系代词”即“介词whom/which”用法介词的选用至少要考虑以下的两个因素：A.与先行词的搭配关系1）Iwillneverforgettheday_Ijoinedthearmy.2)Iwillneverforgetthedays_Iworkedintheschool.3)Ihaveneverbeentotheuniversity_mycousinisstudying.,onwhich,inwhich,inwhich,B.与谓语动词的搭配习惯1)Haveyoufoundthebook_Ipaid29USdollars?2)Haveyoufoundthebook_Ispent29USdollars?3)Haveyoufoundthebook_welearntalot?4)Haveyoufoundthebook_sheoftentalks?,forwhich,onwhich,fromwhich,aboutwhich,Ex.用“介词关系代词”填空1.Hestheman_Ilearntthenews.2.Whostheperson_youjustshookhands.3.Iknowaladythehusband_isaNobelPrizewinner.4.Thisistheway_shestudiesEnglish.5.Theoldmanalwayswearshisglasses_hecantseeanything.6.Thekey_shewasopeningthedoorbroke.7.Nooneknowthereason_sheisleavingsoearly.,fromwhom,withwhom,ofwhom,inwhich,without,which,withwhich,forwhich,1.Hedidnttellmeanynews,whichupsetme.2.Aseverybodyknows,TaiwanbelongstoChina.3.Wellgotothehospitaltoseethepatients,mostofwhomarechildren.,*限制性定从：与主句关系密切，不可缺少的补充，常译成一个定语（“的”）。非限制性定从：附加的补充说明，去掉后不影响主句，用逗号，翻译成一个句子。例如：Thisisthehousewhichweboughtlastmonth.这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。（限制性）Thehouse,whichweboughtlastmonth,isverynice.这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。（非限制性）,非限制性定语从句,试比较：1）Wellgotothehospitaltoseethepatients,mostof_arechildren.2）Wellgotothehospitaltoseethepatients,andmostof_arechildren.*most/many/much/all/20%/one-thirdofwhom表示“其中”which,定从,并列句,whom,them,翻译：有30个学生报名参加本