新版人教版新目标八上英语第一单元知识点讲练.doc

11语法一：复合不定代词1. 由some,any,no,every加上-one,-body,-thing等构成的不定代词称为复合不定代词。前缀后缀Some- Any-No-Every-one某人任何人没有人每人，大家-body某人任何人没有人每人，大家-thing某事，某物任何事没有东西每一个事物，一切2. 带some的复合不定代词常用于肯定句中；带 any的复合不定代词常用于否定句或一般疑问句中。 但在表示委婉的疑问和希望得到对方肯定答复的疑问句以及表示反问的问句中，也可使用含some复合不定代词。 1.我想吃点东西。 Id like _ to eat. 2.今天有人给我打电话吗？ Did _ call me today? 3.你有话要说吗？ Do you have to say ？ 4.你想喝点什么吗？ Would you like to drink? 3. 当形容词修饰不定代词时，应放在其后面。(形容词后置) 例如：1.这本书里有什么新东西吗？ Is there _ _ in this book? 2. 我有有趣的事情要告诉你 I have _ _ to tell you. 3.你买什么特别的东西了吗？ Did you buy ? 4.你去什么有趣的地方了吗？ ？ 4. 由some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词作主语时，都作单数看待，其谓语动词用单数第 三人称形式。例如： 1. 我手表坏了。 wrong with my watch. . 2. Nobody （知道) what the future will be like. 3.钱不是万能的 Money isnt . 5. 除no one以外，其他复合不定代词都写成一个词。注意！someone anyone everyone 只指人。且不和of 连用。 Some one， any one， every one则即指人又指物，可与of 连用。No one=nobody-只指人。且不和of 连用。None（没有一个）-即指人又指物，可与of 连用。 复合不定代词练习题：一、 选择题：( ) 1. Im hungry. I want _ to eat. A. anythingB. something C. everything D. nothing( ) 2. Do you have _ to say for yourself? No, I have _ to say. A. something; everything B. nothing; something C. everything; anything D. anything; nothing( ) 3. Why not ask _ to help you? A. everyoneB. someone C. anyoneD. none( ) 4. Everything _ ready. We can start now. A. areB. isC. beD. were( ) 5. Theres _ with his eyes. Hes OK. A. anything wrongB. wrong something C. nothing wrongD. wrong nothing( ) 6. She listened carefully, but heard _. A. anyoneB. someone C. everyoneD. nothing( ) 7. Everything goes well, _? A. is itB. isnt it C. do theyD. doesnt it（ ）8. _ of us is active in English class. A. Every B. Every one C. Everyone D. Anybody（ ）9. The exam was difficult, wasnt it? No，but I dont think_ could pass it. A. somebody B. anybody C. nobody D. everybody二、 用something, anything, anyone, nothing, everything, no one, everyone填空。1. Look! Can you see_ behind the tree?Yes, I think its a cat.2.Do you know _ in the store（仓库）? Sorry, I dont know them.3._ is in the room. Its empty(空的)。4. This was my first time in Wuhan, so_ was really interesting.5. Could you give me_ to drink? Sure！Here you are.6. Kangkang, is_ here today? No, Jim isnt here. He is in hospital.7. Jim! Can you see the words on the blackboard Sorry! I can see _. 知识点1.we took quite a few photos there.我们在哪里拍了许多照片。 解析1：take photos意为“拍照”，相当于take pictures,常与of 连用。 Eg:你愿意给我拍照吗？ Would you like me？ 解析2：quite a few 意为：“相当多，不少”修饰可数名词复数。其中，quite 为副词，意为“相当， 十分”。 Eg :他有相当多的朋友。He has friends. 我有很多英语方面的书。I have on English . 知识点2：i stayed at home most of the time to read and relax.大部分时间我只是呆在家里读书，休 息。解析：“Most of ”意为“大部分时间”，其中，most为代词，意为“最多，大多数” 用法：Most of作主语是，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后的名词，of后的名词是复数则谓语动词用复数形式，否则用单数形式。 例如：我们中的大多数人都喜欢学习英语 。 Like studying English.大部分学生完成了家庭作业。 The students finished their homework.知识点3:how did you like it?意为：你觉得怎么样？常用来询问对方对某人或某事物的看法，相当于 What do you think of it ?例如：你觉得跑男怎么样？很棒！ The program Running man,jack?-its wonderful.知识点4：still everything seems to be bored.尽管那样，仍然一切看起来无聊。解析1:seem系动词，意为“好像，似乎”，其后常接形容词作表语 例如：一切似乎都很容易。 So easy. 他母亲听到这个消息似乎很高兴 Her mother very happy at the news.解析2：bored形容词，意为“厌倦的，烦闷的”，主语是人，boring,形容词 ，意为“无聊的，令人 厌倦的”主语是事或物。 感兴趣的 令人感兴趣的 兴奋的 令人兴奋的 例如：I often watch TV when I am (烦闷的）。 The story is very (interest). 知识点5：it was sunny and hot,so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel.天气炎热并且晴朗，所以我们决定去宾馆附近的海滩。 解析：decide,动词，意为“决定，选定”decide (not)to do sth决定（不）做某事 例如：我决定告诉他那个消息。I him the news.他决定不留在那里。He decided there.知识点6：I wonder what life was like here in the past.我想知道过去这里的生活是怎样的 解析：wonder及物动词，意为“想知道”，常接who ,what,why,等引导的宾语从句。例如：我想知道你想要什么。I you want. 我想知道为什么艾米这些天经常迟到 I AMY is often late these days.知识点7： i really enjoy walking around the town.我非常喜欢在这座城市里散步。 解析：enjoy动词，意为“享受-的乐趣，欣赏”喜欢做某事 玩的开心 我弟弟喜欢看图画书。My brother pictures books. 我喜欢看英语书籍。 I books. 他在聚会上总是玩得很开心 。He always at the party. 知识点8：what a difference a day makes!一天的差异是多么大呀！ 解析1：本句是一个由what 引导的感叹句。其句式结构为： 感叹句有时可省略主语和谓语。How 引导的感叹句句式结构为： 例如：多么漂亮的女孩啊！ ! ！解析2:Difference名词，意为“差异，差别”，different,形容词，意为“不同的，不一样的”，常用搭配为 Be different from意为“与-不一样”Eg:结果没有差别。 There is no in the results. 我从来都分不清这对双胞胎。I can never tell the between the news.我们的儿子彼此间很不相像。Our sons are very each other.知识点9：because of the bad weather,we couldnt see anything below.因为糟糕的天气，我们看不到山下的任何东西。解析：because of意为“因为”介词短语，后面常跟名词，代词，ving形式，可置于句首或句末 Because 后常接表示原因的从句，语气较强，可回答why引导的疑问句。例如：因为天气冷，我没去看电影。 I didnt go to the cinema . 我爷爷因病住院了。My grandpa was in hospital his illness. =My grandpa was in hospital .知识点10：my father didnt bring enough money.我爸爸没有带足够的钱解析：enough形容词，意为“足够的，充足的”，修饰名词时前置，修饰形容词，副词时后置。例如：我没有足够的钱买电脑。I dont have to buy a computer.他到了可以上学的年龄了。She is to go to school.他跑的足够快，能够追上我。He runs to catch up with me.知识点11：but the next day was not as good.第二天过得并不一样好。本句完整形式为：but the next day was not as good as Monday.含有as-as结构意为“像一样”此结构常用于同类事物的比较，中间用形容词或副词原级，其否定形式为Not asas例如：他唱歌唱得和他姐姐一样好。 He sings his sister. 这个箱子不如那个重。The box is that one.Once(从前)there was a king. He was very rich and _21_ great power(权力). But he wasnt happy. He was _22_ .It made him feel sad all the time. No doctor knew _23_ was wrong with him. One day one of them _24_ him, “After much thought and study, I have found out that there is only one way for you to get_25_. You must wear the shirt of a happy man. ”So the king sent(派)his men to every part of his land _ 26_ a happy man. First, they visited the rich and powerful(有权势的人). They asked these people if(是否)they were happy, _27_each of them answered that they didnt know _28_real happiness meant. One day, one of the kings men met a woodcutter. “Are you happy? ”asked the kings men. “As happy as the day is long, ”answered the woodcutter. “Oh, good! ”said the man, “ 29 me your shirt. ”“Why?” said the woodcutter, “I havent got 30.”21 .A have B had C were D was 22.A well B strong C ill D old23.A where B which C what D how 24.A spoke B talked C said D said to 25.A nice B good Cfine D well26.A looked for B to look for C found D to find27.Abecause B So C But Dif28. that B what C how D which29. A Give B Take C Carry D Put 30. A one B it C they D themA请根据材料内容，从各题后所给的选项中选择最佳答案。Peter is thirteen years old. He is in Grade Two this year. He likes to play football and watch football matches. And he often reads newspapers. He does his best to know where and when there is going to be a football match. Now Peter is having lunch. He is listening to the radio, too. He is very happy because there is going to be a nice football match on TV at four this afternoon. He wants to watch it very much. But he is going to have English and Chinese lessons. He thinks hard and finds a way.“Hello, Mrs. Black,” Peter says to his teacher on the telephone, “Peter is ill in bed. He wants to ask for half a days leave ( 请半天假 ).” “Oh, Im sorry to hear that.” says Mrs. Black, “But whos that?” “Its my father, Mrs. Black.” 31. Peter is a _. A. middle school student B. Young Pioneer C. worker D. teacher 32. Peter will be in _ next year. A. Grade Two B. Grade Three C. Grade One D. school 33. Peter often reads newspapers because _. A. he likes to read news B. he likes to read stories. C. he wants to know when and where a football match will beD. his father wants him to read them 34. Peter wants to ask for half a days leave because _.A. his father is ill in bed B. he wants to watch the football match C. he doesnt like to have English or Chinese lessonsD. he is ill in bed35. Which sentence (句子) is right?A. Mrs. Black is going to take Peter to see a doctor B. Peter likes to watch TV at four in the afternoon.C. Peter is a stupid (笨的) boy.D. Peter isnt an honest (诚实的) boy.B请根据材料内容，从各题后所给的选项中选择最佳答案。Dear editor,My English teacher is very strict (严厉)with us. Several days ago, when we were in class, Tom asked me a question. But she thought we were speaking in class. She asked us to stand at the back of the classroom for a few minutes. This made me uncomfortable. After that, I feel nervous in her class, so I dont like her class. However, I really want to learn English well. What should I do?Yours Mike Dear Mike, I am sorry you are having difficulty with your English class. Every teacher wants his or her students to study hard. So I think you should have a talk with your English teacher and tell her what you were doing with Tom that day. If she knows your worries, maybe she will help you with your English. And she will be pleased to hear you want to learn English well. I believe when students are not trying as hard as they can, a teacher is forced（被迫）to take action.YoursEditor 36. Whats wrong with Mike