高中英语 Unit3 Back to the past Grammar课件 牛津译林版必修3.ppt

Grammar&Usage,Unit3,ObjectComplement&Subject-verbagreement,1.Dontkeepthedooropenallnight.2.Weallconsiderhimagoodleader.3.Hemademerepeatthissentence.4.Heaskedmetocarrytheboxforhim.5.Wefoundabeggarlyingontheriverbank.6.Tomhadhislegbrokenyesterday.,Lead-in,总结：上述句中划线部分均充当_,其形式有_、_、_、_、_、_。宾语补足语的基本结构为_。,宾语补足语,名词,形容词,动词原形,动词不定式,现在分词,过去分词,S+O+O.C.,可用来充当宾语补足语的形式,1.名词e.g.TheynamedtheirdaughterJenny.,【Tips】常用名词充当宾语补足语的动词有：call,name,elect,make,think,appoint,choose,find,consider,keep,wish,feel等。,充当宾语补足语的名词若表示正式的或独一无二的头衔、职位时，前面一般不用冠词，如：TheyelectedJohnchairmanofthecommittee.,2.形容词e.g.Youshouldkeepyourroomcleanandtidy.,3.动词不定式Nobodycouldmakehimchangehismind.Wouldyoulikemetocomealongwithyou?,【Tips】当动词不定时充当宾语补足语时分为两种情况：（1）接动词不定式(todo)做宾语补足语,常见的动词有：advise,recommend,permit,allow,forbid,order,persuade,get,tell,beg,force,wish,want,expect等。,（2）接不带to的不定式做宾补的动词，常见的动词有：使役动词：make,have,let感官动词：一感feel二听：listento,hear五看：see,lookat,notice,watch,observe,主动语态接不带to的不定式，被动语态_感官动词既可接不带to的不定式，也可接_,把to还原,现在分词,Theworkersherearemade_(work)tenhoursaday.Themissingboywaslastseen_(play)bytheriverside.,towork,playing,4.现在分词e.g.Imsorrytohavekeptyouwaitingforsolong.Icouldfeelthecoldwindblowingonmyface.,【Tips】只能用现在分词作宾语补足语的动词有：catch,keep,mind,prevent,stop,smell,excuse等。,5.过去分词e.g.HewatchedtheTVsetcarriedoutoftheroom.Lastyeartheyhadtheirhouserebuilt.,【Tips】当过去分词充当宾语补足语时，它与宾语之间有着动宾关系，即：宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者，如：IonceheardthissongsunginJapanese.(ThissongwasoncesunginJapanese.),主谓一致,谓语动词常用复数的情况,1.主语为复数名词或代词e.g.Theteachersarerespectedintheworld.,2.当people,police,cattle等集体名词作主语时e.g.Thepolicearelookingforthemissingchild.Thecattlearekeptinhisfarm.,3.山脉、群岛、瀑布、运动会等-s结尾的复数名词作主语e.g.TheOlympicGamesareheldonceeveryfouryears.TheRockymountainsstandinthewestofthenorthAmerica,4.the+adj.表示一类人或物做主语。如：the+blind,deaf,living,dead,wounded,poor,rich，old,young等。e.g.Thedeadaresoonforgotten.Thericharenotalwayshappy.,谓语动词常用单数的情况,1.可数名词的单数及不可数名词作主语时。2.表示时间、距离、金钱、长度、重量等复数名词作主语，表达一个整体概念时。e.g.Twentyyearsisonlyashorttimeinhumanhistory.,3.主语从句、动词不定式、动名词形式作主语时，谓语动词用单数。e.g.Lookingafterthechildrenismyfulltimejob.Todieforthepeopleisaworthydeath.Whenandwheretoholdthemeetingisunknown.Whateverwasleftwastakenaway.,4.以-S结尾的单数名词，表示学科、国家、机构、书籍、报刊等名称作主语,(news,physics,maths，politics)e.g.TheUnitedstatesismadeupof50states.TheTimesisanewspaperfortheBritishgovernment.GreatExpectationswaswrittenbyCharlesDickensin1860.,5.each/neither/either+of+the+复数名词或代词e.g.Eachofushasadictionary.Eitherofthebooksonthetablebelongstome.Neitherofthemisfitforthejob.,6.manya/each/every/either/neither/morethanone+单数名词e.g.Manyastudenthasseenthefilm.Neitherstoryistrue.Morethanonestudenthasseenthefilm.Morestudentsthanonehaveseenthefilm.,7.由some,any,no,every+one/thing/body所构成的复合代词做主语时，谓语用单数.e.g.Nobodywantstogothere.Somethinghasbeendonetoendthestrike.,主谓一致的其它情况,1.用and或bothand连接的两个名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。但是如果and连接的两个名词作主语，指同一个人或事或整体概念，谓语动词用单数（如果是可数名词的单数这时and后面的名词一般没有冠词）。,【Practice】用is/are填空EnglishandChinese_quitedifferentlanguages.Waterandair_bothimportant.Ayoungmanandagirl_togothere.Thesingerandthewriter_famoustomanyyoungpeople.Themanagerandsecretary_asbusyasabeeallday.Thesingerandwriter_famoustoeveryone.,2.单、复数同形的名词作主语时，按意义一致的原则。作单数意义时，谓语动词用单数，反之谓语动词用复数。这类名词有：sheep,fish,deer,means(方法),species(种类),works(工厂),Chinese,Japanese等。,【Practice】用has/have填空。Everymeans_beentriedoutwithoutmuchresult.Allmeans_beentriedoutwithoutmuchresult.was/wereThisshoeworks_setupin1980.Thoseshoeworks_allsetupin1980.,has,have,was,were,3.某些集体名词作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语用单数形式；如果就其中一个个成员而言，谓语动词用复数。常见的名词有：class,club,company,crowd,enemy,committeegovernment,group,party,public,audienceteamcrew等。Hisfamily_(be)abigfamily.Hisfamily_(be)listeningtomusicwhenhecameback.ThepopulationinChina_(be)verylarge,andeightyofthepopulationinChina_(be)farmers.,is,were,is,are,4.就近原则:下列连词连接两个主语时,谓语应与最靠近的主语保持一致.如：or/eitheror/neithernor/notonlybutalso/notbut等。,【Practice】Eitherthegirlortheboy_inCanada.(is/are)NeitherhenorI_theanswer.(knows/know)NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary_tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother.（is/are）You,heorI_right.(be)Youorhe_toblame._youorhetoblame?Ais，IsBare，AreCis，AreDare，Is,is,know,are,am,C,_eitherheoryouright?(be)(注意就近原则在疑问中的使用),Is,5就远原则,当主语后面跟有aswellas,asmuchas,nolessthan,alongwith,with,like,ratherthan,togetherwith,but,except,besides,including,inadditionto等词组时，其谓语动词的单复数按主语的单复数而定。e.g.Theteacher,with6girlsand8boysofherclass,_visitingamuseumwhentheearthquakestruck.(NMET2004北京卷)A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.wouldbeNobodybutJohnandHelen_absent.(be)I,ratherthanyou，_responsiblefortheaccident.(be),A,was,6.当主语是allof/mostof/someof/halfof/apartof+名词或代词时，谓语动词的单、复数形式与该名词/代词保持一致。e.g.AllofushaveattendedthelectureaboutPompeii.Mostofthelecturewasabouthowtheaccidentcitywasdiscovered.,1.Theteacheraskedus_somuchnoise.A.dontmakeB.notmakeC.notmakingD.nottomake2.Comeon,pleasegivemesomeideasabouttheproject.Sorry.Withsomuchwork_mymind,Ialmostbreakdown.A.filledB.fillingC.tofillD.fill,3.Wearetryingourbesttoattractv