高中英语 Unit2 Sporting events Grammar and usage课件 牛津译林版必修4.ppt

牛津高中英语,(模块四高一下学期),AdvancewithEnglish,Grammarandusage,Unit2Sportingevents,Modalverbs,课件描述：,通过对情态动词的介绍来帮助学生学习掌握情态动词。,情态动词没有人称和数的变化，有词义，但是不完整，不能单独做谓语，必须和不带to的动词不定式连用。,ability,certainty,permission,obligation,makerequests,makesuggestions,makeoffers,giveadvice,能力,义务,责任,确定,允许,提出请求,提出建议,提供帮忙,提出忠告,Modalverbs:generalintroduction,(1)Hecanrunthe100msprintin11seconds.(2)Canthislittlegirlreadbeforeshegoestotheprimaryschool?,ability,can表示可能性时，指的是理论上的可能，它通常不用来表示某事实际发生的可能性或真实性。如：Accidentscanhappen.Anybodycanmakemistakes,can/beableto,can/beableto,ability,在过去时态的肯定句中需要某种条件或努力做成某事，我们要用waswereableto而不能用could。如：ItwasaholidayandthechildrenwereabletogototheseasideThegirlworkedhardsoshewasabletopassthefinaltestImsorryIhaventbeenabletoplaytenniswithyourecently.,obligation,oughtto/should,oughtto与should意思接近，大多数情况下二者可以互换，但是should谈的是自己的主观看法,用于各种人称。oughtto则更多反映客观情况，在谈到法律、义务和规定时使用。如：WeshouldoughttohelpeachotherandlearnfromeachotherinourworkYoushouldntspendsomuchtimeplaying.Sheisyourmother,soyououghttosupportherOughthetogo?Yes,Ithinkheought(to).,haveto/must,obligation,must与haveto都可以表示“必须”的意思，但要注意以下两点区别。1)must只有现在时，而haveto有现在时、过去时和将来时。如：Wemustworkhard,orwellfailintheexaminationTwoyearsago,thepoorgirlhadtoleaveschoolforlackofmoney,2)must表示主观看法，haveto则侧重于客观需要。如：WemustbestrictwithourselvesineverythingIncitieswithmanycars,somepeoplehavetowearmasks,obligation,haveto/must,ShemightwinamedalattheOlympics.Shemaybeathomenow.Shecouldreadandwriteattheageof4.Sheshouldcometojoinus.Sheoughtto/will/musthelpmewheneverIamintrouble.,certainty,might/may/could/should/oughtto/will/must,veryuncertainty,almostcertainty,can/could/may/might,could比can更委婉，might比may更委婉CanIwatchtheOlympics?Yes,youcan.No,youcant.MayIwatchTVafterfinishingmyhomework?Yes,youmay./No,youmustnt./No,youmaynot./No,youdbetternot.,permission,informal/spoken,formal/written,Will/Can/Could/Wouldyouhelpmewithmytraining?Yes,Iwill/can/can/will.,will/can/could/would,makerequests,informal,formal,makesuggestions,shall常用于第一，三人称，表示征求对方意见。Shallwe/I/he/she/theydosomeexercisethismorning?Yes.Shallhecomein?Ok.,makeoffers,Illwashyoursportsjacket.ShallIgetaticketforyou?Shallwecarrythebooksforyou?ShallIcleantheblackboardforyou?,giveadvice,Youshouldnot/oughtnottoeatalotbeforeswimming.Thestudentsshouldspendalltheirtimeworkingattheirlessons.,和其他时态的连用,Theboysmaybeplayingfootballontheplayground.Theboysmayhavefinishedtheirhomeworkbythetimeschoolisover.Heplaysbasketballverywell.Hemusthavepracticeditalot.OurheadmastermusthavebeentoUSA,forheknowsthecountrysomuch.,musthavedone的反意疑问句,Youmusthaveseenthefilm,haventyou?Youmusthaveseenthefilmlastweek,didntyou?Hisparentsmusthavebeatenhim,haventthey?Hisparentsmusthavebeatenhimyesterday,didntthey?,shall可以用来征求对方意见。用于第一、三人称。此外它也可以用来表示说话人的命令、警告、允诺、威胁或决心等，这时它用于第二、三人称。如：Shallshegototheconcertwithusthisevening?(征求意见)Youshallgotothefrontatonce(命令)DontworryYoushallgettheanswerthisveryafternoon（允诺）HeshallbesorryonedayItellyou(警告)Nothingshallstopusfromfightingagainstpollution(决心),shall/will,will在肯定句中表示意愿或决心时，是可以用于条件状语从句的。在疑问句中用于第二、三人称表示意愿。如：Willyougohikingwithmeinthemountain?Willhepayforme?Ifyouwilllistentome,IllgiveyousomeadviceonhowtolearnEnglishIfyouwillcomethisway,themanagerwillmeetyou,shall/will,mustnt/neednt,mustnt解释为“不准，不许”，语气强烈；neednt“不需要，没必要”，语气缓和。Youmustntmissthisfootballmatch.Itsveryimportant.Youneedntwatchthegameifyoudontwantto.Mustwecleantheclassroom?Yes,youmust./No,youneednt.,need/dare,作为情态动词时，两个词常用于疑问句和否定句。NeedIhelpyou?Yes,please.Youneednttelephonehimnow.Howdareyoutalktotheteacherlikethat?Thegirldarenotgooutaloneatnight.,用作实义动词时，可用于各种句式Weneedtotellhimthenews.Youdontneedtotellhimthenews.Dotheflowersneedwatering?Ididntdaretotellyouthetruth.Wouldyoudaretocatchthesnakewithyourhand?Theboydarestodoanythinghelikes.,need/dare,Haveatry!,Aleft-luggageofficeisaplacewherebags_beleftforashorttime,especiallyatarailwaystation.A.shouldB.canC.mustD.will,B,2.How_yousaythatyoureallyunderstandthewholestoryifyouhavecoveredonlypartofthearticle?A.canB.mustC.needD.may,A,3.Theroomissodirty._wecleanit?Ofcourse.A.WillB.ShallC.WouldD.Do,B,4.MyEnglish-Chinesedictionaryhasdisappeared.Who_havetakenit?A.shouldB.mustC.couldD.would,C,5.IhearyouvegotasetofvaluableAustraliancoins._Ihavealook?Yes,certainly.A.DoB.MayC.ShallD.Should,B,6.Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou.You_homewithoutaword.A.mustntleaveB.shouldnthaveleftC.couldnthaveleftD.needntleave,B,7.AreyoucomingtoJeffsparty?Imnotsure.I_gototheconcertinstead.A.mustB.wouldC.shouldD.might,D,8.Sorry,Imlate.I_haveturnedoffthealarmclockandgonebacktosleepagain.A.mightB.shouldC.canD.will,A,9.WhencanIcomeforthephotos?Ineedthemtomorrowafternoon.They_bereadyby12:00.A.canB.shouldC.mightD.need,B,10.Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryqu