人教版九年级英语中考复习课件.ppt

Welcome,Welcome,ByBridget,被动语态,复习要点,Tombrokethewindow.（主动语态）ThewindowwasbrokenbyTom.（被动语态）,英语的谓语动词有两种语态,主动语态,被动语态,（前者表示句子的主语为动作的发出者，后者表示句子的主语为动作的承受者。）,从以上对比可以看出，主动句中的主语Tom在被动句中变成了短语byTom，主动句中的宾语thewindow变成了被动句中的主语。由于被动句中的主语即主动句中的宾语，因此，只有及物动词才有被动语态。,被动语态的构成,被动语态基本构成：be+过去分词,常见的被动结构,1主谓宾句型的被动结构此句型中的谓语动词为单宾及物动词，其被动结构是：主语+V(被动式)(+by短语)。Hewrotethebooktwoyearsago.Thebookwaswrittenbyhimtwoyearsago.2主谓直宾+间宾句型的被动结构此句型中的谓语动词为双宾及物动词，其被动结构是：主+V(被动式)+O/o(保留宾语)(+by短语)。Myauntgavemeanapple.*Iwasgivenanapple.Anapplewasgiventome.一般把间接宾语（表示人）作为被动句的主语，而把直接宾语（表示物）作为保留宾语。如果把直接宾语作为被动句的主语，则间接宾语作为保留宾语，它的前面通常要用介词to或for（视动词而定）,3主谓宾补句型的被动结构此句型中的谓语动词为复宾及物动词，其被动结构是：主语+V(被动式)+主语补足语(by短语)。Ourteacheroftenasksustofinishhomeworkontime.Weoftenareaskedtofinishhomeworkontimebyourteacher.Mikemadehisbrothercleantheroomlastnight.Mikesbrotherwasmadetocleantheroombyhimlastnight.在被动句中作主语补足语的不定式一律要带to，不论其作宾语补足语时是否带to,4短语动词的被动结构短语动词的被动结构是：主语+V(被动式)+介词/副词(+by短语)。在将含有短语动词的主动句转换成被动句时，原短语动词中的介词或副词（如以上句中的for,off,of）不能遗漏。Wehavesentforadoctor.Adoctorhasbeensentfor.5带情态动词的被动结构带情态动词的被动结构是：S+V(情态动词+主要动词的被动式)(+by短语)Youmustdoitatonce.Itmustbedoneatonce.,1.ManypeoplespeakEnglish.,English,2.Heboughtmeanewbikeyesterday.,I,Anewbike,3.Thebossmadehimdotheheavywork.,He,isspoken,bymanypeople.,wasbought,anewbikeyesterday.,wasbought,yesterday.,wasmade,theheavywork.,forme,todo,各种时态的被动结构练习,1、TheChinesefood_tobethehealthiestintheworld.A.considersB.isconsideringC.isconsideredD.hasconsidered2、John_,forhewentswimmingyesterdaywithoutpermission.wouldpunishedB.hadpunishedC.punishedD.waspunished3、-Haveyoumovedintothenewhouse?-Notyet.Rooms_.A.arepaintingB.arepaintedC.arebeingpaintingD.arebeingpainted,一般时态：am/is/are+过去分词,现在进行时态：am/is/are+being+过去分词,过去时态：was/were+过去分词,C,D,C,4、Mr.Wuwasinhospital.whenwewenttoseehim,he_on.A.operatedB.wasoperatedC.wasoperatingD.wasbeingoperated5、Thenewschool_whenthenewtermbegins.A.finishesB.willfinishC.willbefinishedD.wouldfinish6、Theoldscientistsaidthathe_tovisittheircountrybeforelong.A.invitedB.hadinvitedC.wasinvitingD.wouldbeinvited,过去进行时态：was/were+being+过去分词,一般将来时态：will+be+过去分词,过去将来时态：would+be+过去分词,D,C,D,7、WiththehelpoftheHopeProject,moreandmorenewschools_inthepoorarea.A.builtB.havebuiltC.havebeenbuiltD.havebeenbuilding8、Hecameoutandtoldusthatthework_.A.finishedB.wasfinishedC.hadfinishedD.hadbeenfinished9、Theprogrammes_easilyifyouuseashortwaveradio.A.canpickupB.pickupC.pickedupD.canbepickedup,现在完成时态：have/has+been+过去分词,过去完成时态：had+been+过去分词,情态动词：情态动词+be+过去分词,C,D,D,1.Largenumbersofplasticbags_(use)inthesupermarketseveryday.,2._ourcountry_(send)upanotherman-madesatellitelastyear?,3.Musttheoldpeople_(speak)topolitely?,4.Hergrandmawasstillalivewhenhe_(take)tothehospital.,5.English_(speak)inmanycounties.,areused,Did,send,bespoken,wastaken,isspoken,6.Threequartersoftheworldsbooks_(write)inEnglish.,7.Thiskindofsweater_(sell)well.,8._Lesson50_(teach)nextweek?,arewritten,sells,Will,betaught,Fillintheblanksusingrightforms:,1.Allthestudents_(ask)tobringakitewiththemlastSunday.,2.Aremanyways_(try)tostoppeoplefromcuttingdownsomanytrees?,3.Whatareonshowinthemuseum?,Somephotos_(take)byAmericanchildren.,4.,Thiscoat_(wash)well.,9.Haveyoufoundyournecklace_(偷)lastweek?,6.Imoften_(警告）nottocopyothershomework.,7.Hecouldntexplainwhydinosaurs_(消失).,8.Illhavemybike_(修理)tomorrow.,5.Musttheoldpeople_(speak)topolitely?,10.ThePRCwas_(成立)onOctober1,1949.,wereasked,tried,taken,washes,bespoken,warned,disappeared,mendedrepaired,stolen,founded,将下列句子改为被动语态11.Youmustsendyoursistertohospitalatonce.Shemust_tohospitalatonce.12.Theforeignerscantunderstandthisword.(1999广东)Thiswordcant_bytheforeigners.13.ManypeoplespeakFrenchinChina.(1999广西)French_bymanypeopleinChina.14.Mikedrewapictureontheblackboard.(1999四川)Apicture_ontheblackboardbyMike.15.Someonetookawaytheboxesyesterday.Theboxes_awaybysomeoneyesterday.,be,sent,be,understood,is,spoken,was,drawn,were,taken,16.Hedoesntcleanthemeeting-roomeveryday.(1999兰州)Themeeting-room_everyday.17.Youcanlookupthewordinthedictionary.Thewordcan_inthedictionary.18.Illbuymydaughteranewwatch.Anewwatchwill_mydaughter.19.Thebossmadetheworkersworkallday.Theworkers_workallday(bytheboss).20.Wesawsomeboysplayingfootballbehindthehouse.Someboys_footballbehindthehouse.,isnt,cleaned,be,looked,up,be,bought,to,were,made,to,were,seen,playing,不知道或没必要知道动作的执行者。Thebookwasfirstpublishedinthelate1990s.b)不便说出动作的执行者。Theplanwasgenerallyconsideredimpractical.c)突出动作的承受者。Sheisrespectedbyalltheworkersofthefactory.d)汉语中的无主句，在英语中用被动语态。Smokingisnotallowedinpublicplaces.e)为了保持主语的一贯性。Theoldprofessorwheeledhimselfintotheclassroomandwaswarmlyapplaudedbythestudents.,何时用被动语态,4）有些短语不用被动语态doonesbest,makeaface,makeroom(腾位子），makeuponesmind,belongto,不用被动语态的情况（考点）,1）不及物动词不用被动语态；注意：happen,breakout,takeplaceThestorywashappenedin1934.(）,2）表状态的动词不用被动语态；have,lack,fitIhaveanewbike.,3）连系动词不用被动语态；Thestoryissoundedtrue.(）,1）感官动词(taste;feel;smell;sound;look)用主动形式表示被动。Howsweetthemusicsounds!Goodmedicinetastesbittertothemouth.,特殊情况（考试重点）,注意：need后可接动名词表被动，又可接