《以并列结构作主语》PPT课件.ppt

以并列结构作主语的主谓一致,并列结构作主语主要指主语由并列的名词或名词短语构成，此时主要有如下几种状况：,1.and及bothand类,一般来说，两个单数主语用and连接起来，表示两个不同的人或物，动词用复数；但如果两个并列的单数主语在意义上指同一个人、同一事物或同一概念，动词须用单数。,e.g.,Herteacherandherfriendareinthesitting-room.她的老师和她的朋友都在客厅。Asmileandhandshakeshowwelcome.微笑和握手表示欢迎。Breadandbutterishealthfood.涂有黄油的面包是一种有益健康的食物。Thepoetandwriterhasproducedmanyworks.这个诗人兼作家写出了很多作品。Truthandhonestyisthebestpolicy.真诚为上策。,Attention：,and所连接的表示同一概念的短语有：ahorseandcart马车aknifeandfork餐叉acupandsaucer茶盘awatchandchain手表breadandbutter涂油黄油的面包,Attention：,thepoetandthewriter则表示“诗人和画家”两个人，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；而thepoetandwriter则表示”诗人兼作家“，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。,Attention：,有些带连词and的省略结构形似单数，而意义为复数，随后的动词用复数Goodandbadtasteareinculcatedbyexample.(goodtasteandbadtaste)WhatIsayandthinkarenobusinessofyours.(whatIsayandwhatIthink),Attention：,有些由and连接的并列主语，其单复数意义不很明确，只能根据上下文判定。Hisyoungerbrotherandthesubsequenteditorofhiscollectedpaperswas/werewithhimathisdeath-bed.Yourfairnessandimpartialityhas/havebeenmuchappreciated.,2.eachandeach及everyandevery类,结构everyandevery,eachandeach,noandno或manyaand作主语时，动词用单数。,e.g.,Everymanand(every)womanhasagoodreasontobeproudoftheworkdonebytheirfathers.Eachboyandeachgirlhasbeeninvitedtothetea-party.Manyamanandwomaninthiscommunityfindshimselfofherselfinneed.,3.notbut,notonlybutalso,or,eitheror,neithernor类,在由notbut,notonlybutalso,or,eitheror,neithernor等连接的并列主语中，谓语动词应该和接近它的主语相一致。在非正式英语中，也可用复数。,e.g.,Tomoryouaretoblame.Washeoryouabletopersuadeher?NotyoubutIamtoblameforthemistake.NotonlyIbutalsomyparentsarefondoftravellingaround.NeitheryounorIamfitforthework.AreneitheryounorIfitforthework?,4.主语+asmuchas等,当主语后面跟有由asmuchas,ratherthan,morethan,nolessthan等引导的从属结构时，随后的形式依主语本身的单复数而定。,e.g.,Someoftheworkersasmuchasthemanagerwereresponsiblefortheloss.Hisbrotherratherthanhisparentsistoblame.Mywife,morethananyoneelseinthefamily,isanxioustogothereagain.Man,nolessthanthelowerformsoflife,istheproductoftheevolutionaryprocess.,5.主语+aswellas等,当主语后面跟有由aswellas,inadditionto,with,alongwith,togetherwith,except等引导的词组时，其后的动词形式取决于主语本身的形式。在非正式语体中，也可根据“意义一致”或“就近原则”决定随后动词的形式,e.g.,Themanagerwithsomeworkerswasworkingduringtheholidays.Thefather,aswellashissons,isgoingtoenroll.Bill,togetherwithhissisters,washurtintheaccident.Thetruckalongw