中考英语语法复习之定于从句集1.ppt

定语从句,【名题实战】1.Ididntseeyoulastnight.Whatdidyoudo？IsawafilmcalledPersonalTailor(私人定制)AwasdirectedbyFengXiaogang.(2014，营口)A.whichB.whomC.whatD.who2.YuanLongpingisaChinesescientistBiscalled“FatherofHybridRice”(杂交水稻之父).(2014，锦州)A.whichB.whoC.whatD./3.WhenRobinsonCrusoegottotheisland，thefirstthingBhedidwastolookforsomefood.(2014，广东)A.whoB.thatC.whichD.whom,4.ThephotoDwelikedbestintheHistoricChinagroupwastakenbyZhaoMin.(2014，阜新)A.whichB.thatC./D.A，BandC5.Helikeslowcarbonlife.HelivesinthehouseChebuilthimselfoutoftrash.(2014，十堰)A.whereB.whatC.whichD.inwhich【考点梳理】中考对定语从句的考查主要集中在定语从句的功能，结构和关系词的用法上，重点考查由that，which，who引导的定语从句。,高频考向一定语从句的关系词定语从句在句中作定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系代词who，whom，that，which，whose或关系副词when，where，why等引出。who，whom，that代替的先行词是指人的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。如：Ishethemanwho/thatwantstoseeyou？他是想见你的那个人吗？Heistheman(who/whom/that)Isawyesterday.他是昨天我看到的那个人。which，that代替的先行词是指代事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。如：Marylikesmusicthat/whichisquietandgentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。Thecoat(that/which)Iputonthedeskisblue.我放桌子上的外套是蓝色的。,whose用来指人或物。(只用作定语)如：Pleasepassmethebookwhosecoverisgreen.请把封面是绿色的那本书递给我。关系副词有when，where，why，它们在句中作状语。如：Illneverforgetthedayswhenwestudiedtogether.我永远忘不了我们一起学习的那些日子。Thisisthecitywheremyfatherworkedtenyearsago.这是我爸十年前工作的城市。Doyouknowthereasonwhyhewaslateforschool？你知道他上学迟到的原因吗？【例1】DoyouknowMoYan？Ofcourse.HeisthefamouswriterwontheNobelPrizein2012.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.when解析：考查定语从句关系词。先行词是writer，指人，且在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词who。答案：A,【例2】PleasepassmethecartoonbookhasaMickeyMouseonthecover.A.whomB.whoseC.whoD.which解析：先行词是book，指物，因此关系词用which.答案：D【例3】ThisistheprimaryschoolIstudiedthreeyearsago.A.whereB.whenC.thatD.which解析：先行词school在定语从句中作studied的地点状语。答案：A高频考向二关系词只能用that而不用which的情况当先行词前被形容词最高级修饰时。如：ThisisoneofthemostexcitingfootballgamesthatIhaveever,seen.这是我所看过的最激烈的一场足球赛。当先行词前有一个序数词修饰时。如：Thefirstthingthatyoucoulddowastoturnoffthelight.你首先要做的就是关灯。当先行词为all，everything，nothing，something，anything，little，much，none等不定代词时(something后也可用which)。如：AllthatwehavetodoforourstudentsistotellthemhowtospeakEnglishinclass.我们要为学生做的所有的事情就是告诉他们如何在课上说英语。ImgoingtobuyeverythingthatIneed.我要去买我所需要的一切东西。当先行词前面有only，all，any，no等词修饰时。如：ThatsallthatIwanttosay.这就是我想说的全部。当先行词既有人又有物时。如：Theyaretalkingaboutthingsandpersonsthattheyremembered.他们正在谈论他们所能回忆起来的人或事。,【例4】ThePalaceMuseumisthebestplaceIveevervisited.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.what解析：在先行词place前有形容词最高级best修饰，关系词只能用that。答案：A【例5】Lookattheboyandhisdogarecomingthisway.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.whom解析：先行词是由人与物组成时，关系代词用that。答案：C,高频考向三关系词只能用who(whom)而不用that的情况当先行词为all，any或其合成词或afew且指人时。如：Anyonewhobreaksthelawwillbepunished.任何违法的人都会受到惩罚。当先行词为that，this，those或these且指人时。如：Thosewhohadntboughttheticketsforthetraincrowdedinthewaitinghall.那些还没买着票的人拥挤在候车厅里。当先行词在定语从句中作宾语或表语时，在口语中用who或whom引导均可，但如直接位于介词后作宾语时，只能用whom。如：Theguest(who/whom)Illfirstintroducetoyouisalittlegirl.我首先要介绍给你们的客人是一位小姑娘。Imetafewfriendsofmine，amongwhomwasmyoldclassmate.我遇见几位朋友，其中一位是我的老同学。,【例6】Successwillbelongtothoseneversay“impossible”.A.whomB.whatC.whoD.which解析：先行词those，故关系代词用who。答案：C,1.Everyonehashisaiminlife.However，youcantgetfatononemouthful.StartwiththeeasiestthingByoucancontrol.(2014，哈尔滨)A.whoB.thatC.whichD.whose2.ShirleyisthegirlCtaughtmehowtouseWechat.(2014，龙东)A.whomB.whichC.whoD.whose3.Yesterdaywasmybirthday.MyfriendsentmeaCDCismadebyHanGeng.(2014，安顺)A.whoB.whatC.whichD.whom4.AllthestudentsliketheteachersBcanunderstandthemwell.(2014，孝感)A.whatB.whoC.whomD.which5.CouldyoutellmetheresultofthediscussionAyouhadmadeinthemeetingjustnow？(2014，白银)A.thatB.whenC.howD.who,6.AfterMandelawasfree(自由的)in1990，hechosetoshakehandswiththepeopleDwantedtokillhim.(2014，临沂)A.whoseB.whichC./D.who7.AWechat(微信)isaninventionAcanhelppeopletalktofriends，sharephotos，ideasandfeelingsfreely.(2014，梅州)A.whichB.whoC.whoseD.how8.LilydoesntknowDsheandherfriendscandotohelpthelittleboyparentshavelefttheirhometownformakingmoney.(2013，兰州)A.that；thoseB.how；whoC.what；whoD.what；whose9.IstillrememberthecollegeandtheteachersCIvisitedinLondonyearsago.(2013，安徽)A.whatB.whoC.thatD.which,10.DoyouknowthegirlBwithourEnglishteacheroften？Yes，hernameisHelen.(2013，鄂州)A.whomtotalkB.whotalksC.whoistalkingD.whomtalks11.AfriendissomeoneAsays，“What！Youtoo？IthoughtIwastheonlyone！”(2013，河南)A.whoB.whichC.whatD.whose12.Whatkindofmusicdoyoulike？IlikemusicDIcandanceto.(2013，宜宾)A.becauseB.whenC.whoD.that13.IllneverforgetthelessonBlastyear.A.thatIlearnB.thatIlearnedC.whatIlearnD.whatIlearned,14.FranklinisthestudentDisthebe