2019中考英语二轮复习 九全 Units 9-10 知识点讲解+练习 人教新目标版.doc

Units 910知识点讲解类别课标考点要求词汇拓展1、 perform performance 6、shut shut-shut2、 gradual gradually 7、full empty3、 prefer preferred-preferred 8、behave behavior/behaviour4、 electronic electricity 9、sad sadly sadness5、 suggest suggestion（suggestion可数，advice不可数）短语归纳1、 既然那样：in that case 13、毕竟：after all2、 坚守：stick to 14、作出努力：make an effort3、 大量：plenty of/lots of 15、把.擦掉：clean.off4、 关闭，停止运转：shut off 16、脱衣服，起飞：take off5、 间或，偶尔地：once in a while 17、特地做某事：go out of ones way to do sth（way无复数！）6、 查阅、抬头看：look up 不怕麻烦做某事：get out of ones way to do sth 7、 总共，合计：in total/all 18、习惯于：get/be used to doing（*=be accustomed to doing）8、 使.高兴：cheer sb up 19、大动肝火：get mad9、 尽某人最大努力：do/try ones best to do 20、一.就.as soon as （主将从现）10、 结婚：get married 21、与.不同be different from11、 到.结束：by the end of 22、盼望期待：look forward to doing12、 顺便访问，随便进入：drop by 23、使.宾至如归：make sb feel at home语法结构1、 定语从句2、 be supposed to do（be expected to do）的用法3、 It is +adj+to do sth 的用法江西考点聚焦1、prefer（=like better）【中考典例】 Mike reading playing computer games.A: prefers; than B: prefers; to C: would rather; than D: would rather; to答案：B搭配：（1）prefer A to B 比起B更喜欢A；（2）prefer to do sth更喜欢做.；（3）prefer doing to doing 比起做某事更喜欢做某事。（4）prefer to do.rather than do. = would do .rather than do. = would rather do.than do.宁愿做.而不愿做.2、suppose的用法：（1） suppose + that 从句，表示“猜测；假定”。如： You can suppose that A equals B. 你可以假定A等于B。（2） suppose +名词 / 代词 + to be.，表示“认为是”。如：Many people suppose him to be over 50. （3） suppose用于祈使句中，表示“让”。如：Suppose we go for a swim. (= Lets go for a swim.) 让我们去游泳吧。 be supposed to do的用法：（4） be supposed to. 其中to是动词不定式符号，不是介词，其后要跟动词原形。当be supposed to. 的主语是“人” 时，意为“应该”；“被期望”，它可以用来表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等，相当于情态动词should。（5） 当be supposed to. 的主语是“物”时，它表示“本应；本该”，用于表示“某事本应该发生而没有发生”。如： The new laws are supposed to prevent crime. 这些新法令本应该起到防止犯罪的作用。（6）be supposed to后面接“have + 过去分词”时，表示“本应该做某事而没做”。如：You are supposed to have handed in your homework by now.现在你应该已经把作业交上来了。（7）be supposed to. 的否定结构为be not supposed to.,它常用于口语中，意为“不被许可；不应当”。如：She was not supposed to be angry about that. 她本不该为那件事而生气的。3、look的词组搭配：（1）look up查阅、抬头看（2）look for寻找（3）look at看（=have a look at）（4）look after（=take care of）照顾（5）look like看起来像（6）look through浏览（7）look out小心，注意（=watch out）（8）look on 旁观（9）look over检查身体4、take的词组搭配：（1）take away拿走（2）take up占据，开始做（3）take place（无被态，有计划的）【拓展】（4）take after长得像，效仿（5）take over（=take charge of接管）（6）take in欺骗（7）take down（=put、write down）写下（8）take to养成.的习惯，沉溺于.（+n/V-ing）5、worth：（1）be worth+n，.值.（2）sth be worth doing某事值得被做【拓展】be worthy of sth值得.；be worthy of being done/to be done值得做.6、plenty of/lots of/a lot of+cn/un；a number of +cn；an amount of +un；a great deal of+un；a great many+cn7、except/besides/but/except forexcept除.之外没有，表示排除关系，排除同类besides除.之外还有，表示包含关系，常与other连用but侧重于意义的几乎完整性，与except差不多，习惯上与every,all,any,nothing,no,nobody,who连用except for排除非同类，美中不足同步知识点补充1、dance to随着.跳舞，dance to the music 随着音乐跳舞，2、sing along with the song，along with = together with 常作伴随状语，主语+with 或者along with 时，谓语动词不受这些词的影响，仍然跟着主语变。3、in case of/in case that/in that case/casein case of“万一，如果那样的话”，是介词短语，后面+名词，代词或动名词in case that“防备，加入，如果发生”，是连词短语，+从句，构成条件状语从句in that case既然那样，如果那样的话case（n）情况，实情，案件4、stick to 坚持，信守，沿着，紧跟，to是介词，stick to doing sth。相关短语：stick sth in/into/through sth 插入或刺穿某事；stick at sth坚持做.；stick by sb坚持忠于某人；stick out 突出，醒目；stick to ones guns 固执己见5、provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb 为某人提供某物6、offer sb sth = offer sth to sb给某人提供某物；offer to do sth乐意做某事7、once in a while 偶尔，间或 = sometimes = from time to time = at times = once or twice8、sense（v）感觉到，意识到；（n）感觉，意识，观念；common sense常识；sense还可以表示意义，短语：make sense 有意义，讲得通；in a sense在某种意义上9、pain（cn/un）在同一语境中用pain，a pain/pains都是可能的；painful令人痛苦的；painless无痛的；短语：have a pain in，be in pain10、perform（v）扮演，演奏，执行，运转，行动，履行；perform on the flute吹奏长笛；performer（n）表演者；performance（n）表演，演出；perform a experiment 做实验12、touch the hearts of 触动.的心弦13、electronic（adj）电子的，electronic equipment电子设备，an electronic engineer电子工程师；electrical（adj）电的，电学有关的14、smooth（adj）悦耳的，平滑的；smoothly（adv）顺利地15、in ones spare/free time 在某人的空闲时间，spare（adj）空闲的，（v）抽出；spare some time for sb 为某人留出一些时间16、shut off 关闭，停止运转；shut up 闭嘴；shut down停业，关闭；shut up shop打烊，关店，停止做17、 笑 laugh at sb嘲笑某人 make fun of sb 开某人的玩笑 play a joke/jokes/a trick/tricks on sb18、grow：栽培，常指使某种植物从种子起在某地生长，不移走；plant：种植，常指移植已长成秧苗的某种植物，可用于“plant+场地+with 结构”。同义句转换：They planted some trees on the hillside. = They planted the hillside with some trees.17、safeness（n）安全，loneliness（n）孤独，寂寞18、reflect（v）反映，reflect the reality反映现实，reflect in the lake在湖里映出，reflection（n）反映19、pity（n）遗憾，（v）怜悯，同情。take pity on sb 怜悯某人，have pity on 同情.；out of pity出于同情pity poor villagers同情可怜的村民；pitiful（adj）怜悯的，令人同情的20、praise（v/n）表扬，赞扬；give praise给予表扬；prasie.for.因.而表扬；in praise of.赞扬.；full of praise赞不绝口；表示赞扬的程度时，可以用highly修饰21、recall（v）回忆起；recall old friends 回想起老朋友，recall doing sth回忆起做某事22、get married to sb 和某人结婚；marry sb 嫁给某人；be married to 与.结婚23、by the end of +过去时间用过去完成时，+将来时间用将来完成时，+现在时间用现在完成时；at the end of 既可以与表示时间的词连用，也可以与表示地点的词连用24、How does/do sb feel about.? = How does/ do sb like.? = What does/do sb think of .?25、be well known for 因.而出名，比较级/最高级为be better/best known for26、be/get angry with sb at sth；be/get mad at sb/sth27、bow（n/v）鞠躬、弓形物、蝴蝶结，bow(vi) to sb，bow(vt) ones headdrop28、 drop in/by on sb 顺便拜访某人 drop by spl.顺便访问、随便进入（=look in spl=come over to spl） drop in at spl.拜访某地（无“顺便”之意）29、not a little=very，not a bit=not at all30、knock有关词组：knock at/on 敲门；knock against 与.相撞；knock down/off撞倒；knock into 撞进.31、behave：behave onself守规矩，检点32、clean有关词组：clean off把.擦掉；clean out把.清理出去；clean up打扫干净33、begin，start后面只能用to do 的情况：（1）本身为进行时（beginning,starting）（2）后面加understand，realize，know等词语（3）主语为物（eg：The ice begins to melt）34、be comfortable/uncomfortable doing sth 感觉舒适/不舒服做某事2019经典新题训练一、单项选择。（ ）1、_the sun comes out,the mist（薄雾）will pass away. A.Before B.As soon as C.Until D.Unless（ ）2、All the workers went home yesterday _ Mr. White. Why?Because he was on duty. A: except B: besides C: except for D: beside（ ）3、Its necessary to _every word you dont know when reading a passage. A.look over B.look at C.look after D.look up（ ）4、The book is well worth _. I plan _ one. A. read; to buy B. reading; buying C. reading; to buy D. to read; buy（ ）5、Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagues with her stories. A.amusing B.amused C.to amuse D.having amused（ ）6、In the good care of the nurses, the boy is _ recovering from his heart operation . A: quietly B: actually C: practically D: gradually（ ）7、The teacher _some old friends on his vacation trip to Paris. Adropped by Bdropped in Cdropped by on Ddropped in at（ ）8、We frequently drop by the neighbors house for a cup of coffee. A.give a ride to B.give up visiting C.forget to visit D.come over to（ ）9、_Liu Yang,Jing Haipeng and Liu Wang are the greatest astronauts in China. A.But B.Except C.And D.Besides（ ）10、You did a good job.You deserved（应得，应受）so much _. A.praise B.sadness C.pressure D.problem二、阅读理解。 Once upon a time, a young man was standing in the middle of the town announcing that he had the most beautiful heart in the world. A large crowd gathered, and they all praised his heart for it was perfect. Suddenly, an old man appeared and said, Why, your heart is not as beautiful as mine. The old mans heart was full of scars (伤疤). Some pieces of his heart were removed and some pieces from other people were put in, but they didnt fit quite right. So there were several jagged (锯齿状的) edges. In fact, there were still some holes in his heart where the pieces were missing. The young man laughed, Comparing yours with mine, mine is perfect and yours is a mess. Yes, said the old man. But, every scar shows that I took out a piece of my heart and gave it to a person, and often he gave me a piece of his heart in return. Why do you have some jagged edges in your heart? asked the young man. Because the shapes of the pieces werent the same. Then the holes? Sometimes I gave pieces of my heart away, and the other person hasnt given back a piece of his, so.but I dont care. How come? They remind me of the love we shared. The young man was deeply moved. He walked up to the old man, took a piece of his heart out and gave it to the old man. The old man placed it in his heart, then took a piece from his old scarred heart and placed it in the wound (伤口) in the young mans heart. It fitted, but not perfectly, as there were some jagged edges. The young man looked at his heart, not perfect any more but more beautiful than ever. How sad it must be to go through life with a whole untouched heart!（ ）1. The young man stood in the town to _.A: meet the old man B: compare his heart with others C: show his beautiful heart D: give pieces of his heart to others（ ）2. Its clear that the old man was_.A: a silly man B: a humorous man C: a well-known man D: a kind-hearted man（ ）3. The old man said .but I dont care means_.A: he didnt expect others return B: he didnt feel pain C: he didnt think it serious D: he cared nothing（ ）4. We can get more beautiful hearts by sharing . A: ideas B: scars C: love D: beauty三、补全对话。(BrianBJennyJ)B:Hi,Jenny!_?J:Sure.Goalongthisroadandturnleftatthesecondcrossing.Thengoon.Youwillseethetoyshoponyourright.B:_?J:Youdontneedtogotherebybus,Brian.It isnotfarfromhere.Youcanwalkthere.B:ButIhavemuchhomeworktodo,youknow._.J:Isee.TheNo.9buswilltakeyouthere.Bytheway,_?B:BecauseIwanttobuyatoyforDebby.Lasttime,Iforgottobuyherapresent.ThistimeIdontwanttomakehercryagain.J:Youreright.B:ButIdontknowhowtobargain._?J:Ofcourse.Letsgo.B:Great!Thankyou,Jenny.语法聚焦（二）定语从句中考考点 1、关系代词和关系副词基本用法。 2、关系代词特殊用法。（一）总结归纳I. 定语从句起了形容词的作用，在句中修饰一个名词或代词。被修饰的词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，他的作用一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起了连接作用，二是在从句中担当一个成分，并与先行词保持数的一致。关系词先行词从句成分例句备注关系代词who人主语Do you know the man who is talking with your mother?whom, which和that在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用thatwhom人宾语Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am workingThe boy (whom) she loved died in the war.whose人，物定语I like those books whose topics are about history.The boy whose father works abroad is my deskmate. that人，物主语，宾语A plane is a machine that can fly.She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much.which物主语，宾语The book (which) I gave you was worth $10.The picture which was about the accident was terrible.as*人，物主语，宾语He is such a person as is respected by all of us.This is the same pen as I lost yesterday. as做宾语一般不省略关系副词when时间时间状语I will never forget the day when we met there.可用on whichwhere地点地点状语This is the house where I was born.可用in whichwhy原因原因状语I cant imagine the reason why he turned down my offer.可用for whichII. that与which, who, whom的用法区别：情况用法说明例句只用that的情况1 先行词为all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much,等不定代词时。2 先行词被all, any, every, each, much, little, no, some, few等修饰时3 先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时4 先行词既指人又指物时5 先行词被the only, the very,the same修饰时6 句中已经有who或which时，为了避免重复时，只能用that7 time作先行词且前面有序数词或last修饰，用that引导（可省略），无序数词或last，可用that或when引导1.He told me everything that he knows.2.All the books that you offered has been given out.3.This is the best film that I have ever read.4.We talked about the persons and things that we remembered.5.He is the only man that I want to see.6.Who is the man that is making a speech?7.This is the last time that I shall give you a lesson.只用which, who, whom的情况1 在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which指代物，用who/whom指人2 在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只能用which指物，whom指人。3 先行词本身是that时，关系词用which, 先行词为those, one, he时多用who。4 “-one；-body”式的不定代词，只用who不用that。He has a son, who has gone abroad for further study.I like the person to whom the teacher is talking.Those who respect others are usually respected by others.Anyone who plays with fire will get burnt.*III. as与which的区别：（当你没看见）定语从句区别例句限制性定语从句中名词前有such和the same修饰时，关系代词用as,不能用whichHe is not such a fool as he looks.Dont read such books as you cant understand. 非限制性定语从句中as和which都可以指代前面整个主句。如果有“正如，象”的含义，并可以放在主句前，也可以放在后面，那么用as；而which引导的从句只能放主句后，并无“正如”的意思。They won the game, as we had expected.They won the game, which we hadnt expected.As is well known, he is a famous film star in the 1980s.IV. 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别：类别语法意义及特征例句限制性定语从句对先行词起修饰限制作用，如果去掉，主句意思就不完整明确，这种从句与主句的关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。The accident happened at the time when I left.非限制性定语从句对先行词作附加的说明，与主句的关系不十分密切，较松散。从句和主句之间用逗号分开，相当于一个插入语，不能用that引导，关系代词做宾语时也不能省略。His mother, whom he loved deeply, died ten years ago.（二） 正误辨析 误 I wont tell you the name of the person who teach me English 正 I wont tell you the name of the person who teaches me English 析 在定语从句中，关系代词作主语时，从它本身看不出其数的形式，这时要由它的先行词决定。这里who 应由 the person 单数决定，应该用单数谓语动词。又如：I who am a student want to find a spare time job这里的 who 应与 I 是一致的，所以其谓语动词应该用am。误 We talked about the things and the people who we met during the Second World War 正 We talked about the things and the people that we met during the Second World War 析 这里的关系代词不要用 who， 因为其先行词有两个一个是 things (物)，而另一个是people (人)，这时既不可用 who， 又不可用 which， 因前者只能用于先行词是人的情况下，而后者则用于先行词是物的情况下，所以只能用 that， 因为它的先行词既可以是人又可以是物。误 The book， that I bought yesterday， was very good正 The book， which I bought yesterday， was very good 析 先行词与定语从句被逗号分割开来时，即作为非限制性定语从句。在非限制性定语从句中 which， when， who， whom， where， when， whose 等都可以和限制性定语从句中的作用一样，而独有 that 不易用于非限制性定语从句。误 The dictionary which I lent it yesterday is a very useful tool 正 The dictionary which I lent yesterday is a very useful tool 析 关系代词在定语从句中是要起语法作用的，它不是作主语就是作宾语。虽然在作宾语时它的位置由原来的宾语位置移到了句首，但它的作用依然存在，而且在原宾语位置上不能再出现宾语。误 The teacher I want to learn English from is the one which comes from America正 The teacher I want to learn English from is the one who comes from America 析 the one， anyone， those 作代词并且是指某人、物时，其关系代词不能用 which 应用 who。误 This is the room in that the old man lives 正 This is the room in which the old man lives 正 This is the room which the old man lives in 正 This is the room that the old man lives in 析 that 不能紧跟在介词后作介词宾语，但如果介词不前置仍放于句尾，则可用 that 作引导词，而且可以省略。如： This is the room the old man lives in误 I can do everything which is good for you 正 I can do everything that is good for you 析 在先行词是 all， much， little， something， everything， anything， nothing， none， the one 等不定代词时，虽然它们指的是物体，但不要用 which 而用 that 作定语从句的引导词。误 The only thing which the students can do is studying hard 正 The only thing that the students can do is studying hard 析 在先行词前有 only， any， few， little， no， all， one of 等词修饰时，虽然先行词指的是物，也不要用 which 作关系代词，而要用 that。误 This is the first American film which Ive ever seen 正 This is the first American film that Ive ever seen 析 在先行词是序数词，或由序数词修饰时，其关系代词不可用 which 这样的用法还有在形容词最高级修饰的先行词之后，如： This is the best book that I have ever seen语法聚焦（二）新题训练（ ）1、-Do you know_our Chinese National Symbol of Day is?-Yes,its on December 13th.Its in memory of people_were killed in Nanjing Massacre. A.whether,that B.when,who C.how,which D.why,that（ ）2、 Do you know the kid with Bob is talking to over there? Yes, its my cousin. A: who B: that C: whose D: whom（ ）3、Who is the man is reading a book over there? A: who B: which C: whose D: that（ ）4、Ive become good friends with several of the students in my school_helped me in the English speech contest last year. Awhere Bwho Cwhen Dwhich（ ）5、I cant forget the time the earthquake happened in Yushu. A: when B: which C: where D: how（ ）6、There is nothing _ I want to say. A、which B、what C、whatever D、that（ ）7、W