现代快速经济制造模具技术外文文献翻译/中英文翻译/外文翻译

外文翻译 Modern fast economy manufacture mold technology Along with the global economy development, the new technological revolution made the new progress and the breakthrough unceasingly, the technical leap development already becomes the important attribute which the impetus world economics grew. The market economy unceasing development, urges the industry product more and more to the multi- varieties, high grade, the low cost direction to develop, in order to maintain and strengthens the product in market competitive power, product development cycle, production cycle more and more short, thereupon to makes each kind of product the essential craft equipment mold request to be more and more harsh. On the one hand the enterprise for the pursue scale benefit, causes the mold to turn towards high speed, is precise, the long life direction develops； On the other hand enterprise in order to satisfy the multi- varieties, the product renewal quickly, wins the market the need, requests the mold to turn towards the manufacture cycle to be short, the cost low fast economy direction develops. The computer, the laser, electronic, the new material, the new technical development, causes the fast economical pattern making technology even more powerful, the application scope expands unceasingly, the type increases unceasingly, the creation economic efficiency and the social efficiency are more and more remarkable. The fast economical pattern making technology and the traditional machine-finishing compares, has the pattern making cycle short, the cost is low, the precision and the life can satisfy in the production the operation requirements, is synthesizes an economic efficiency quite remarkable kind to make the mold the technology, summarizes below, has several types to leave. 1.fast prototypes manufactures technology The fast prototype manufacture technology is called RPM, is one kind of new manufacture technology which the 80s later period develops. US, Japan, England, Israel, Germany, China have all promoted own commercialization product, and has formed the new industry gradually.RPM is the computer, the laser, the optical scanning, the advanced new material, the computer-aided design (CAD), the computer assistance processing (CAM), the numerical control (CNC) synthesizes the application the high technology and new technology. In takes shape in the concept take the plane separate, piles up as the instruction, in the control take the computer and the numerical control as the foundation, take biggest flexibility as general goals. It has abandoned the traditional machine-finishing method, to the manufacturing industry transformation is a significant breakthrough, uses the RPM technology to be possible directly or indirectly the fast pattern making, this technology already by profession widespread application and so on automobile, aviation, electrical appliances, ships, medical service, mold. 2.surfaces take shape the pattern making technology The surface takes shape the pattern making technology, mainly is the use spurts spreads, the electrolytic casting, chemistry corrosion and so on the new technique formation cavity surface and the fine pattern one kind of craft technology, in the practical application including following several kind of types. electric arcs spurt spread take shape the pattern making technology The electric arc spurts spreads takes shape the technical principle is: Has the electric arc quantity of heat using between 2 circular telegrams tinsel to melt the tinsel, depends upon the compressed gas its full atomization, and gives the certain kinetic energy, high speed sprays in the type mold surface, layer upon layer mounts, forms a metal shell, namely the cavity internal surface, uses to fill the substrate material again (generally for metal silt and resin compound materials) performs to support the reinforcement, enhances its intensity and the rigidity, combines the mold together with the metal pattern frame. This kind of pattern making technology craft simple, cost low, manufacture cycle extremely short, the cavity surface takes shape only needs for several hours, saves the energy and the metal material, general cavity surface 2-3mm is only thick, simulation greatly strengthened, the pattern precision may achieve 0.5 mu m. At present this technology widely uses in superficial shape and so on airplane, automobile mold, electrical appliances, furniture, shoemaking, fine arts handicraft is complex and the pattern fine each kind of polyurethane product blow molding, attracts models, the PVC injection, PU becomes spongy and each kind of injection takes shape in the mold. electrolytic castings take shape the technology The electrolytic casting takes shape the technical principle to be same with the galvanization, is according to model the mold (ready-made product or female mold which makes according to product blueprint) is the datum (negative pole), places in the electrolytic casting fluid (anode), causes in the electrolytic casting fluid the metallic ion to return to original state a latter place deposition on the type mold, forms the metal shell, after strips it, contacts the surface with the type mold namely for the mold the cavity internal surface. This technical main characteristic is saves material, the mold manufacture cycle short, electrolytic casting level degree of hardness may reach 40HRC, enhanced the resistance to wear and the life, roughness, the size precision is completely consistent with the type mold, is suitable for the injection, attracts models, the blow molding, keeps out models, mold cavity and the electric spark and so on bakelite mold, glass mold, compression casting mold takes shape the electrode manufacture. cavities surfaces fine pattern takes shape etching technology The etching technology is optics, chemistry, the machining synthesis application one kind of technology, its basic principle is makes first the pattern design the film, then in has spread the film on pattern design duplication the photosensitive material on the mold cavity surface, process chemistry processing, the mold cavity surface does not form by the etching partial protectors, then acts according to the mold material quality, the choice corresponding etching craft, pattern design etching in mold internal surface.This technical main characteristic is the time short, the expense is low, patching damages the pattern design to be possible to achieve flawlessly. 3.sprinkle to cast into the type system mold technique Sprinkling to cast into technical and common characteristics of the type system mold is according to the kind piece for basis, sprinkle a convex and cave mold, a surface do not need the machine to process.Make physically to mainly have following several categories type in the mold. 4.extrusions takes shape the technology Using the berylliuim copper alloy good thermal conductivity and the stability, after the solid melt aging treatment of metal, use the swaging pressure to make the mold concave model cavity. Its characteristic is makes the cycle short, the cavity precision is high (the IT7 level), surface roughness Ra=0.025 mu m, The intensity is high, the life may reach 500,000 times, does not have the environmental pollution. This technology is using the metal material in the thin crystal grain, certainly takes shape the temperature, under the low distortion speed condition, when the material has the best superplasticity, toes attend to carry out raised mold which the initiative finishes, then may extrude the concave mold with the small strength one kind of fast economical pattern making technology. Ultra models takes shape material typical representative is Zn-22%AL. 5.does not have the mold multi- spots forming technology Does not have the mold multi- spots fast forming technology is by CAD/CAM/CAT The technology is the main method about, may adjust the base main body group highly using the computer control to form forms the surface, replaces the traditional mold to carry on the three dimensional curved surface forming to the sheet an modern advanced manufacture technology. This technology may change the distortion way and the stressful condition at will, enhances the material the formed limit, may form repeatedly, by this elimination material interior remaining stress, the realization does not have the snapping back forming 6.triumphant Uygur bright steel belt blanking falls the material pattern making technology The new steel belt blanking falls the material pattern making technology is one kind is different with has raised, the concave mold structure steel belt mold generally, it is with specially makes the new fast economical pattern making technology by the single edge steel belt which the backing strip is composed. This kind of mold weight is light, only then 200kg, the processing precision for 0.35-0.50mm, may suit each kind of black and the non-ferrous metal 0.5-0.65mm thick sheet processing generally. The life may achieve 5-25 ten thousand, the production cost is low. 7.molds semifinished materials fast manufacture technology solid casting Because the massive molds are belong to the single unit or the production, the mold semifinished materials manufacture quality and the cycle and the cost to the final mold quality and cyclical and the cost influence are very important. The modern mold semifinished materials widely have used the seeds casting technology, the so-called solid casting is (polystyrene PS either polymethacrylate PMMA) manufactures using the foam plastics replaces traditional the wooden mold or the metal pattern, after the modelling does not have to take out the model, then may the casting, under the foam plastics model high temperature liquid metal function, deflagrate the gasification but to vanish, the molten metal substitution original foam plastics model holds the position, after the condensation forms the casting. 8.other aspects technologies in order to simplify the mold the structural design, reduces the mold cost, reduces the mold manufacture cycle, in domestic and foreign also successively appeared some other aspects new technology application, like trades the mold frame, the ramming unit, the cutting edge built-up welding quickly, inlays the block casting, the nitrogen spring and so on. nitrogen springs on mold application The nitrogen spring is one kind of new elastic function part, replaces the spring, the rubber, the polyurethane or the air cushion with it side, it can accurately provide presses the strength, then may have the greatly initial ball pressure in the small space, does not need pre- tightly, is basically hit the pressure basically in the mold entire work process to be constant. The ball pressure size and the working point position may, accurate, conveniently adjust as necessary, simplifies the mold to stretch, nearby the pressure, ex-denning isostructuralism, simplifies the mold design, reduces the pattern making cycle, debugs the mold to be convenient, reduces the replacement mold time, enhances the production efficiency. fast trades the mold technology Because product variety increasing, causes the mold in the production the transmutation extremely frequently, how thereupon reduces the ramming equipment the down time, enhances the production efficiency, fast traded the mold technology to receive peoples attention. At present developed industrial nation some big companies traded the mold speed to achieve astonishing degree, whether had fast trades the mold technology to become for an enterprise technology advancement sign. The always tendency is reduces the mold to install on the equipment, to be fixed, the adjustment time, this both must give in the equipment structural design to consider, and must in the mold structural design, the standardized aspect consider, machine on work as far as possible placing machine under will do. ramming units combination technology The ramming unit combination technology is dies a resolve into each one simple unit the convention to die, according to the working procedure request, the arrangement combination, completes the many kinds of ramming working procedure when the identical inferior stroke the new craft equipment, the work the ramming unit not with the punch press slide joint, only needs the slide attack then to complete the ramming work. When independent employment it is 1 complete mold. It may use for to process the sheet or the molding punch holes, falls the material, cuts the angle, the grooving, shuts off and the shallow stretch and so on. Has the assembly strongly, the easy to operate, the versatility, the efficiency is quickly good and so on the characteristic, suits the multi- varieties specially, center the production. may process the plastic in mold manufacture application May process the plastic to be common in the developed industrial nation application, specially in manufacturing industry and so on automobile, airplane, mainly replaces the lumber or the metal manufacture automobile body host model, the profile, examines has and the casting model and so on. May process the plastic the main characteristic is has both the lumber and the metal fine workability, the manufacture craft simple and direct (may use compression molding, pour, spells sticks, method well and so on sculpture), the size stability, does not distort, bears moistly, anti-corrosive, is easy to repair, the easy modification, the weight light, the manufacture cycle short, the cost to be low. Fast economical pattern making technology type very many, its has the characteristic, the application scope are various, this article only can broadly make some simple introductions, each kind of technology still had many concrete technological processes, the craft parameter and its the technical characteristic in the concrete application and the implementation process. 现代快速经济制造模具技术 随着全球经济的发展，新的技术革命不断取得新的进展和突破，技术的飞跃 发展已经成为推动世界经济增长的重要因素。市场经济的不断发展，促使工业产 品越来越向多品种、小批量、高质量、低成本的方向发展，为了保持和加强 产品在市场上的竞争力，产品的开发周期、生产周期越来越短，于是对制造各种产品的关键工艺装备 模具的要求越来越苛刻。 一方面企业为追求规模效益，使得模具向着高速、精密、长寿命方向发展；另一方面企业为了满足多品种、小批量、产品更新换代快、赢得市场的需要，要求模具向着制造周期短、成本低的快速经济的方向发展。计算机、激光、电子、新材料、新技术的发展，使得快速经济制模技术如虎添翼，应用范围不断扩大，类型不断增多，创造的经济效益和社会效益越来越显著。 快速经济制模技术与传统的机械加工相比，具有制模周期短、成本低、精度 与寿命又能满足生产上的使用要求，是综合经济效益比较显著的一类制造模具的技术，概括起来，有以下几种 1. 快速原型制造技术简称 RPM，是 80 年代后期发展起来的一种新型制造技术。美国、日本、英国、以色列、德国、中国都推出了自己的商业化产品，并逐渐形成了新型产业。 RPM 是电脑、激光、光学扫描、先进的新型材料、计算机辅助设计 (CAD)、计算机辅助加工 (CAM)、数控 (CNC)综合应用的高新技术。在成型概念上以平面离散、堆积为指导，在控制上以计算机和数控为基础，以最大柔性为总体目 标。它摒弃了传统的机械加工方法，对制造业的变革是一个重大的突破，利用RPM技术可以直接或间接地快速制模，该技术已被汽车、航空、家电、船舶、医疗、 2. 表面成型制模技术，主要是利用喷涂、电铸、化学腐蚀等新的工艺方法形成型腔表面及精细花纹的一种工艺技术，实际应用中包括以下几种类 电弧喷涂成型技术的原理是：利用 2 根通电的金属丝之间产生电弧的热量将金属丝熔化，依靠高压气体将其充分雾化，并给予一定的动能，高速喷射在样模表面 ，层层镶嵌，形成一金属壳体，即型腔的内表面，再用充填基体材料 (一般为金属粉粒与树脂的复合材料 )加以支撑加固，提高其强度和刚性，连同金属模架组合成模具。这种制模技术工艺简单、成本低，制造周期非常短，型腔表面的成型仅需几个小时，节省能源和金属材料，一般型腔表面仅 2-3mm 厚，仿真性极强，花纹精度可达到 0.5m。 目前该技术被广泛地用于飞机、汽车的内饰件模具、家电、家俱、制鞋、美术工艺品等表面形状复杂及花纹精细的各种聚氨酯制品的吹塑、吸塑、PVC 注射、 PU发泡及各类注射成型模具中。 电铸成型技术 的原理同电镀一样，是依样模 (现成制品或按制品图纸制成的母模 )为基准 (阴极 )，置放在电铸液中 (阳极 )，使电铸液中的金属离子还原后一层一层