ASIC课程设计报告-三输入与非门的设计与Hspice仿真.doc

ASIC 课程设计报告课程名称：ASIC 课程设计实验名称：三输入与非门的设计与 Hspice 仿真姓名：学号:班级：指导教师：合肥工业大学电子科学与应用物理学院制13一 设计目的学会使用电路设计与仿真软件工具Hspice，熟练地用网表文件来描述模拟电路，并熟悉应用Hspice内部元件库。通过该实验，掌握Hspice的设计方法，加深对课程知识的感性认识，增强电路设计与综合分析能力。本次课程设计是用Hspice软件来实现对三位与非门电路的设计与仿真，熟悉用MOS器件来设计三位逻辑输入与非门电路，了解用MOS器件设计与TTL与非门的优缺点。二 设计原理1、三输入与非门逻辑符号如下图所示：2电路结构 此电路功能为三输入与非门形式，输入为A,B,C,输出为Y。用PMOS 和NMOS 管进行全互补连接方式，栅极相连作为输入，电路上面是三个PMOS 并联，PMOS 的漏极与下面NMOS 的漏极相连作为输出，POMS 管的源极和衬底相连接高电平，NMOS 管的源极与衬底相连接低电平；原理图如下图2.12、三输入与非门原理三输入端CMOS与非门电路，其中包括三个串联的N沟道增强型MOS管和三个并联的P沟道增强型MOS管。每个输入端连到一个N沟道和一个P沟道MOS管的栅极。当输入端A、B、C中只要有一个为低电平时，就会使与它相连的NMOS管截止，与它相连的PMOS管导通，输出为高电平；仅当A、B、C全为高电平时，才会使三个串联的NMOS管都导通，使三个并联的PMOS管都截止，输出为低电平。二、实验步骤HSPICE 简介SPICE（Simulator Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis，以集成电路为重点的模拟程序）模拟器最初于 20 世纪 70 年代在 berkeley 开发完成，能够求解描述晶体管、电阻、电容以及电压源等分量的非线性微分方程。SPICE模拟器提供了许多对电路进行分析的方法，但是数字 VLSI 电路设计者的主要兴趣却只集中在直流分析（DC analysis）和瞬态分析（transient analysis）两种方法上，这两种分析方法能够在输入固定或实时变化的情况下对节点的电压进行预测。SPICE程序最初是使用FORTRAN语言编写的，所以SPICE就有其自身的一些相关特点，尤其是在文件格式方面与FORTRAN有很多相似之处。 现在，大多数平台都可以得到免费的SPICE版本，但是，往往只有商业版本的SPICE 才就有更强的数值收敛性。尤其是HSPICE，其在工业领域的应用非常广泛，就是因为其具有很好的收敛性，能够支持最新的器件以及互连模型，同事还提供了大量的增强功能来评估和优化电路。PSPICE也是一个商业版本，但是其有面向学生的限制性免费版本。本章所有实例使用的都是HSPICE，这些实例在平台版本的SPICE中可能不能正常运行。 虽然各种SPICE模拟器的细节随着版本和操作平台的不同而各不相同，但是所有版本的SPICE都是这样工作的：读入一个输入文件，生产一个包括模拟结果、警告信息和错误信息的列表文件。因为以前输入文件经常是以打孔卡片盒的方式提供给主机的，所以人们常常称输入文件为SPICE“卡片盒（deck）”，输入文件中的每一行都是一张“卡片”。输入文件包含一个由各种组件和节点组成的网表。当然输入文件也包含了一些模拟选项、分析指令以及器件模型。网吧可以通过手工的方式输入，也可以从电路图或者CAD工具的版图(layout)中提取。 一个好的SPICE“卡片盒”就好像是一段好的软件代码，必须具有良好的可读性、可维护性以及可重用性。适当地插入一些注释和空白间隔有助于提高“卡片盒”的可读性。一般情况下，书写SPICE“卡片盒”的最7 好方法就是：先找一个功能完备、正确的“卡片盒”范例，然后在此基础上对其进行修改。 2、输入网表文件（*.sp）Hspice 读入一个输入网表文件，并将模拟结果存在一个输出列表文件或图形数据文件中，输入文件包含以下内容：（1）电路网表（子电路和宏、电源等）（2）声明所要使用的库（3）说明要进行的分析（4）说明所要求的输出输入网表文件和库文件可以由原理图的网表生成器或文本编辑器产生。输入网表文件中的第一行必须是标题行，并且.ALTER辅助模型只能出现在文件最后的.END语句之前，除此之外，其它语句可以按任意顺序排列。三 设计步骤1、写网表文件在文本文档中写出Hspice软件所要求的网表文件，并另存为*.sp文件。网表文件如下所示：* Simulation netlist and stimulusVCC VCC GND DC 2.5 *接地vss vss gnd dc 0 *在vss和gnd之间加上2.5v直流电压*以下为分段线性源，分别表示在a,b,c节点与gnd之间所加电压随时间的变化va a GND pwl(0 0 2.9n 0 3n 2.5 5.9n 2.5 6n 0 8.9n 0 9n 2.5 11.9n 2.5 12n 0 14.9n 0 15n 2.5 17.9n 2.5 18n 0 )vb b gnd pwl(0 0 4.9n 0 5n 2.5 9.9n 2.5 10n 0 14.9n 0 15n 2.5)VC C Gnd pwl(0 0 6.9n 0 7n 2.5 13.9n 2.5 14n 0)*以下六行为电路连接关系描述语句*模型语句，MXXX ND NG NS NB MNAME 管子类型为PMOS，M为元件名称，ND、NG、NS、NB分别是漏、栅、源和衬底节点。pmos是模型名，L沟道长，W为沟道宽。 M1 y a vcc vcc pmos w=3u l=0.25uM2 y b vcc vcc pmos w=3u l=0.25uM3 y c vcc vcc pmos w=3u l=0.25u*模型语句，管子类型为NMOSM4 y a a2 vss nmos w=1u l=0.25uM5 a2 b b2 vss nmos w=1u l=0.25uM6 b2 c vss vss nmos w=1u l=0.25u* stimulus.tran 1p 20n *瞬态分析步长为1ps，时间为20ns.print tran v(A) v(B) v(C) v(Y) *输出A,B,C,Y节点的节点电压值*以下为库文件* * 2.5V NORMAL DEVICES LIB * * CORNER_LIB OF TYPICAL MODEL *.param toxp = 5.8e-9 toxn = 5.8e-9 +dxl = 0 dxw = 0 +dvthn = 0 dvthp = 0 +cjn = 2.024128E-3 cjp = 1.931092e-3 +cjswn = 2.751528E-10 cjswp = 2.232277e-10+cgon = 3.11E-10 cgop = 2.68e-10 +cjgaten = 2.135064E-10 cjgatep = 1.607088e-10+hdifn = 3.1e-07 hdifp = 3.1e-7 * NMOS DEVICES MODEL *.MODEL nmos NMOS ( +LEVEL = 49 TNOM = 25 XL = 3E-8 + dxl+XW = 0 + dxw VERSION = 3.1 TOX = toxn +CALCACM = 1 SFVTFLAG= 0 VFBFLAG = 1+XJ = 1E-07 NCH = 2.354946E+17 LLN = 1 +LWN = 1 WLN = 1 WWN = 1 +LINT = 1.76E-08 WINT = 6.75E-09 MOBMOD = 1 +BINUNIT = 2 DWG = 0 DWB = 0 +VTH0 = 0.4321336+dvthn LVTH0 = 2.081814E-08 WVTH0 = -5.470342E-11+PVTH0 = -6.721795E-16 K1 = 0.3281252 LK1 = 9.238362E-08 +WK1 = 2.878255E-08 PK1 = -2.426481E-14 K2 = 0.0402824 +LK2 = -3.208392E-08 WK2 = -1.154091E-08 PK2 = 9.192045E-15 +K3 = 0 DVT0 = 0 DVT1 = 0 +DVT2 = 0 DVT0W = 0 DVT1W = 0 +DVT2W = 0 NLX = 0 W0 = 0 +K3B = 0 VSAT = 7.586954E+04 LVSAT = 3.094656E-03 +WVSAT = -1.747416E-03 PVSAT = 8.820956E-10 UA = 8.924498E-10 +LUA = -1.511745E-16 WUA = -3.509821E-17 PUA = -3.08778E-23 +UB = 8.928832E-21 LUB = -1.655745E-27 WUB = -2.03282E-27 +PUB = 3.4578E-34 UC = -1.364265E-11 LUC = 1.170473E-17 +WUC = -1.256705E-18 PUC = -6.249644E-24 RDSW = 447.8871 +PRWB = 0 PRWG = 0 WR = 0.99 +U0 = 0.06005258 LU0 = -6.31976E-09 WU0 = -8.819531E-09 +PU0 = 3.57209E-15 A0 = -1.468837 LA0 = 6.419548E-07 +WA0 = 5.512414E-07 PA0 = -9.222928E-14 KETA = -0.04922795 +LKETA = 2.360844E-08 WKETA = 1.560385E-08 PKETA = -5.98377E-15 +A1 = 0.02659908 LA1 = -6.511454E-09 A2 = 1 +AGS = -4.01637 LAGS = 1.090294E-06 WAGS = 1.162021E-06 +PAGS = -3.108579E-13 B0 = 0 B1 = 0 +VOFF = -0.1829426 LVOFF = 9.941631E-09 WVOFF = 1.568082E-08 +PVOFF = -2.832958E-15 NFACTOR = 0.6790636 LNFACTOR= 3.454948E-08 +WNFACTOR= 1.501016E-07 PNFACTOR= -2.955591E-14 CIT = 2.218499E-04 +LCIT = -1.076934E-10 WCIT = -3.286884E-10 PCIT = 1.658928E-16 +CDSC = 0 CDSCB = 0 CDSCD = 0 +ETA0 = 1.215578E-04 LETA0 = -1.037758E-11 WETA0 = -3.030225E-11 +PETA0 = 1.529658E-17 ETAB = 3.548681E-03 LETAB = -1.791374E-09 +WETAB = -6.897268E-10 PETAB = 3.481742E-16 DSUB = 0 +PCLM = 3.583838 LPCLM = -6.874146E-07 WPCLM = 5.664574E-08 +PPCLM = -1.33176E-15 PDIBLC1 = 0 PDIBLC2 = 5.379674E-03 +LPDIBLC2= 7.808481E-09 WPDIBLC2= 5.516945E-10 PPDIBLC2= -2.784957E-16 +PDIBLCB = -0.1229374 LPDIBLCB= 4.956215E-08 WPDIBLCB= 3.299946E-08 +PPDIBLCB= -9.624918E-15 DROUT = 0 PSCBE1 = 4.472639E+08 +LPSCBE1 = 28.64041 WPSCBE1 = 15.7154 PPSCBE1 = -7.933138E-06 +PSCBE2 = 1.842585E-06 LPSCBE2 = 2.871008E-12 WPSCBE2 = 2.579183E-12 +PPSCBE2 = -1.301972E-18 PVAG = -2.015254E-03 LPVAG = 1.017757E-09 +WPVAG = 3.07622E-10 PPVAG = -1.55418E-16 DELTA = -0.02862256 +LDELTA = 1.492454E-08 WDELTA = -6.71663E-09 PDELTA = 3.407521E-15 +ALPHA0 = 0 BETA0 = 30 KT1 = -0.2579945 +LKT1 = -1.664895E-08 WKT1 = -1.633463E-08 PKT1 = 3.755864E-15 +KT2 = -0.05347481 LKT2 = 8.244731E-09 WKT2 = 1.13705E-09 +PKT2 = -1.240924E-15 AT = -1.132632E+04 LAT = 6.469047E-03 +WAT = 6.829220E-04 PAT = -4.154249E-10 UTE = -2.309089 +LUTE = 1.662427E-07 WUTE = 1.244801E-07 PUTE = -5.627924E-14 +UA1 = -3.461758E-10 LUA1 = 1.747495E-16 WUA1 = -1.42065E-16 +PUA1 = 7.171442E-23 UB1 = 0 UC1 = -2.38157E-12 +LUC1 = -2.895726E-18 WUC1 = -1.990052E-17 PUC1 = 1.004497E-23 +KT1L = 0 PRT = -1E-18 CJ = cjn+MJ = 0.4960069 PB = 0.9173808 CJSW = cjswn +MJSW = 0.443145 PBSW = 0.9173808 CJSWG = cjgaten +MJSWG = 0.443145 PBSWG = 0.9173808 HDIF = hdifn +RS = 0 RD = 0+ACM = 12 LDIF = 1.2E-07 RSH = 4.5 +CTA = 7.707813E-04 CTP = 5.512283E-04 PTA = 1.167715E-03 +PTP = 1.167715E-03 N = 1 XTI = 3 +CGDO = cgon CGSO = cgon CAPMOD = 0 +NQSMOD = 0 XPART = 1 CF = 0 +TLEV = 1 TLEVC = 1 JS = 1E-06 +JSW = 5E-11 )* PMOS DEVICES MODEL * .MODEL pmos PMOS ( LEVEL = 49 +VERSION = 3.1 +XL = 3e-8+dxl +XW = 0+dxw TNOM = 25 TOX = toxp +CALCACM = 1 SFVTFLAG= 0 VFBFLAG = 1+XJ = 1E-7 NCH = 4.1589E17 +LLN = 1 LWN = 1 WLN = 1 +WWN = 1 LINT = 1.2365E-8 WINT = 7.8E-9 +MOBMOD = 1 BINUNIT = 2 DWG = 0 +DWB = 0 VTH0 = dvthp-0.6236538 LVTH0 = 2.649834E-8+WVTH0 = 3.214189E-8 PVTH0 = -3.22268E-15 K1 = 0.4198155 +LK1 = 5.770498E-8 WK1 = 5.577151E-8 PK1 = -2.81684E-14 +K2 = 0.0429467 LK2 = -2.296405E-8 WK2 = -1.355302E-8 +PK2 = 6.848271E-15 K3 = 0 DVT0 = 0 +DVT1 = 0 DVT2 = 0 DVT0W = 0 +DVT1W = 0 DVT2W = 0 NLX = 0 +W0 = 0 K3B = 0 VSAT = 1.443912E5 +LVSAT = -7.688012E-4 WVSAT = -6.083648E-3 PVSAT = 2.186471E-10 +UA = 1.846811E-9 LUA = -3.27694E-16 WUA = -2.82106E-16 +PUA = 7.180233E-23 UB = -7.84535E-19 LUB = 4.772849E-25 +WUB = 2.599205E-25 PUB = -1.46530E-31 UC = -1.75560E-10 +LUC = 3.360832E-17 WUC = 1.504425E-17 PUC = -1.30556E-23 +RDSW = 1.03E3 PRWB = 0 PRWG = 0 +WR = 1 U0 = 0.0136443 LU0 = -7.22084E-10 +WU0 = -1.088554E-9 PU0 = 2.730854E-16 A0 = 0.1071803 +LA0 = 4.64252E-7 WA0 = 5.383179E-7 PA0 = -1.32033E-13 +KETA = -4.943762E-3 LKETA = -3.565304E-9 WKETA = -5.226247E-9 +PKETA = 2.640665E-15 A1 = 0 A2 = 0.4 +AGS = 0.1664005 LAGS = 1.19106E-7 WAGS = 5.29237E-8 +PAGS = -2.67304E-14 B0 = 0 B1 = 0 +VOFF = -0.0592623 LVOFF = -1.96686E-8 WVOFF = -1.486398E-8 +PVOFF = 7.510321E-15 NFACTOR = 0.8588103 LNFACTOR= -1.158881E-7 +WNFACTOR= 1.210664E-8 PNFACTOR= -6.11712E-15 CIT = 6.439495E-5 +LCIT = 2.916437E-10 WCIT = -3.11284E-11 PCIT = 1.572825E-17 +CDSC = 0 CDSCB = 0 CDSCD = 0 +ETA0 = -3.819468E-3 LETA0 = 2.155422E-9 WETA0 = 8.235612E-10 +PETA0 = -4.16037E-16 ETAB = 1.334637E-3 LETAB = -7.93631E-10 +WETAB = 5.284657E-11 PETAB = -2.68353E-17 DSUB = 0 +PCLM = 0.1098002 LPCLM = 6.874263E-7 WPCLM = 6.724724E-7 +PPCLM = -1.97766E-13 PDIBLC1 = 0 PDIBLC2 = 5.801323E-3 +LPDIBLC2= -1.81964E-9 WPDIBLC2= -5.853396E-9 PPDIBLC2= 2.957545E-15 +PDIBLCB = 0.1921199 DROUT = 0 PSCBE1 = 7.19E8 +PSCBE2 = 1E-20 PVAG = 0 DELTA = 0.01 +ALPHA0 = 0 BETA0 = 30 KT1 = -0.3248987 +LKT1 = -1.160393E-8 WKT1 = 4.153356E-8 PKT1 = -4.62347E-15 +KT2 = -0.0367632 AT = 1E4 UTE = -1.04 +UA1 = 3.992421E-10 UB1 = -9.23294E-19 LUB1 = -5.28718E-26 +WUB1 = -6.13069E-26 PUB1 = 1.503674E-32 UC1 = -1.00699E-12 +KT1L = 0 PRT = 0 CJ = cjp +MJ = 0.4812153 PB = 0.9134669 CJSW = cjswp +MJSW = 0.3237595 PBSW = 0.9134669 CJSWG = cjgatep +MJSWG = 0.3237595 PBSWG = 0.9134669 HDIF = hdifp +LDIF = 1.2E-7 ACM = 12 RS = 0 +RD = 0 RSH = 3.5 CTA = 8.3043E-4 +CTP = 4.30175E-4 PTA = 1.3004E-3 PTP = 1.3004E-3 +CGDO = cgop CGSO = cgop +CAPMOD = 0 NQSMOD = 0 XPART = 1 +CF = 0 N = 1 XTI = 3+TLEV = 1 TLEVC = 1 JS = 3E-7 +JSW = 5E-12 ) .END 四 仿真分析1、打开网表文件与仿真进入Hspice软件点击open打开上面的网表文件，仿真，如下图所示：点击上图中Avanwaves如下图所示，节点分析表：如上图显示，表中的a2,b,b2分别表示