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摘要 摘要 b - f a m i l y 方程对于浅水波方程在不同深度下水平速度的变化进行了描述, 这一变化与系数b 有关。通过特征线法,我们可以得到方程强解的指数型衰 减。特别的,我们得到非平凡的强解,当它有紧的初值时,在以后任何一个 时刻下都没有紧支集。同时,b - f a m i l y 方程没有非平凡的行波解。 关键字:6 一f a m i l y 方程,紧支集,指数衰减,特征线方法,行波解 a b s t r a c ti v a b s t r a c t t h e6 一f a m i l yo fe q u a t i o n sg o v e r n se v o l u t i o no fs h a l l o ww a t e rw a v e sw i t h t h eh o r i z o n t a lv e l o c i t i e si nt h ed i f f e r e n td e p t hr e l a t e dt ot h ep a r a m e t e rb u s i n gt h e m e t h o do fc h a r a c t e r i s t i c s ,w eo b t a i nt h er e s u l t so ft h ee x p o n e n t i a ld e c a yp r o p e r t i e s o ft h es t r o n gs o l u t i o n sf o rt h eb - f a m i l yo fe q u a t i o n s i np a r t i c u l a r , w es h o wt h a ta n o n t r i v i a ls t r o n gs o l u t i o nw i t hc o m p a c ti n i t i a lv a l u ec a nn o tb ec o m p a c t l ys u p p o r t e d a ta n yl a t e rt i m e t h e r ei sn on o n t r i v i a lt r a v e l i n g w a v es o l u t i o no ft h eb - f a m i l yo f e q u a t i o n s k e y w o r d s :b - f a m i l yo fe q u a t i o n s ;c o m p a c ts u p p o r t ;e x p o n e n t i a ld e c a y ;t h em e t h o d o fc h a r a c t e r i s t i c s ;t r a v e l i n g w a v es o l u t i o n 前言 1 t 上- j 一 刖 菁 r e c e n t l y ,h o l ma n ds t a l e y 【2 5 】s t u d i e dt h ef o l l o w i n gf a m i l yo fe v o l u t i o n a r y1 + 1 p d e st h a td e s c r i b et h eb a l a n c eb e t w e e nc o n v e c t i o na n ds t r e t c h i n gf o rs m a l lv i s c o s i t y i nt h ed y n a m i c so f1dn o n l i n e a rw a v e si nf l u i d s : a m + u 如m + b m o u = 0 ,w i t h1 1 , = g 木m , ( 0 0 1 ) w h e r et h ef l u i dv e l o c i t yu ( t ,z ) i sd e f i n e do nt h er e a ll i n ev a n i s h i n ga ts p a t i a li n f i n i t y a n du = g 术md e n o t e st h ec o n v o l u t i o n u ( z ) = 上g ( z 刊哟) 电 w h i c hr e l a t e sv e l o c i t y 乱t om o m e n t u md e n s i t ymb yi n t e g r a t i o na g a i n s tk e r n e lc ( x ) o v e rt h er e a ll i n e t h ef a m i l yo fe q u a t i o n s ( o 0 1 ) a r ec h a r a c t e r i z e db yt h ek e r n e l g ( z ) a n dt h er e a ld i m e n s i o n l e s sc o n s t a n tb ,w h i c hi st h er a t i oo ft h es t r e t c h i n gt o c o n v e c t i v et r a n s p o r t t h ep a r a m e t e rbi sa l s ot h en u m b e ro fc o v a r i a n td i m e n s i o n s a s s o c i a t e dw i t ht h em o m e n t u md e n s i t ym t h ef u n c t i o nc ( x ) w i l ld e t e r m i n et h e t r a v e l i n gw a v es h a p ea n dl e n g t hs c a l ef o re q u a t i o n ( 0 0 1 ) ,w h i l et h ec o n s t a n tbw i l l p r o v i d eab a l a n c eo rb i f u r c a t i o np a r a m e t e ro ft h en o n l i n e a rs o l u t i o nb e h a v i o r h e r e t h ek e r n e lg ( z 、i sc h o s e nt ob eg r e e n sf u n c t i o nf o rt l l eh e l m h o l t zo p e r a t o ro nt h e l i n e ,t h a ti s ,c ( x ) = l e 一呲t h i sm e a n sm = u 一醒u i n t h i sc a s e ,w ec a nc h a n g e ( 0 0 1 ) i n t ot h ef o l l o w i n gf o r m : o t u 一侥磋u + ( 6 + 1 ) u o , u = 6 如t 正磋钆+ u 馥u ,t 0 ,z r ( o 0 2 ) i ti ss o c a l l e dt h eb - f a m i l yo fe q u a t i o n s u s i n gt h em e t h o do fa s y m p t o t i ci n t e g r a 。 b i l i t yb yd e g a s p e r i sa n dp r o c e s ib 5 lt h a te q ( 0 0 1 ) i sc o m p l e t e l yi n t e g r a b l ew h e n b :2a n db = 3 ,c f 【4 ,1 6 ,1 7 1 a n dt h e s ea r et h eo n l yv a l u e sf o rw h i c ho n eh a s i n t e g r a b i l i t y ,c f 【2 6 前言2 w h e nb = 2 ,e q ( 0 0 2 ) b e c o m e st h ec a m a s s a h o l m ( c h ) e q u a t i o nw i t ht h e 侥u 一侥磋u + 3 u o x u = 2 以u 雹乱+ u 0 3 x u ,t 0 ,z r ( o 0 3 ) t h ec a m a s s a h o l me q u a t i o nw a sf i r s td e r i v e db yf o k a sa n df u c h a s s t e i n e r 【18 】a sa b i h a m i l t o n i a ns y s t e m ,a n dt h e na sam o d e lf o rs h a l l o ww a t e rw a v e sb yc a m a s s aa n d h o l m 【4 】t h ea l t e r n a t i v ep h y s i c a ld e r i v a t i o n sw e r ep r o v i d e di n 14 ,2 7 ,2 8 a g a i n u ( x ,t ) s t a n d sf o rt h ef l u i dv e l o c i t ya tt h et i m eti nt h es p a t i a lzd i r e c t i o n 【4 ,16 t h e e q u a t i o ni sc o m p l e t e l yi n t e g r a b l e 【4 ,5 】,d e s c r i b i n gp e r m a n e n ta n db r e a k i n gw a v e s 7 , 8 ,3 6 h e r eab r e a k i n gw a v em e a n st h a tt h es o l u t i o nr e m a i n sb o u n d e dw h i l ei t ss l o p e b e c o m e su n b o u n d e de f 【3 7 ,a n dt h a ta f t e rb r e a k i n gt h es o l u t i o nc a nb ec o n t i n u e d u n i q u e l ye i t h e ra sag l o b a lc o n s e r v a t i v ew e a ks o l u t i o no ra sag l o b a ld i s s i p a t i v ew e a k s o l u t i o n ( s e e 【1 】) t h ec a m a s s a h o l me q u a t i o np o s s e s s e st h ep e a k o n 【10 】s o l u t i o n s o f t h ef o r m f o r m u ( x ,t ) = c e i z 一硎,c 0 ( 0 0 4 ) w h e n b = 3 ,e q ( o 0 2 ) b e c o m e st h ed e g a s p e r i s p r o c e s i ( d p ) e q u a t i o nw i t ht h e 侥乱一a 醒u + 4 u o x u = 3 如u 霹乱+ u o i z u ,t 0 ,z r ( o 0 5 ) t h ed pe q u a t i o ni sa l s oi nd i m e n s i o n l e s ss p a c e t i m ev a r i a b l e s ( x ,t ) a na p p r o x i m a t i o n t ot h ei n c o m p r e s s i b l ee u l e re q u a t i o n sf o rs h a l l o ww a t e r 1 4 ,1 6 ,2 4 ,2 8 d e g a s p e r i s , h o l ma n dh o n e 【1 7 】p r o v e dt h ef o r m a li n t e g r a b i l i t yo ft h ed e g a s p e r i s - p r o c e s ie q u a t i o nb yc o n s t r u c t i n gal a xp a i r t h e ya l s os h o w e d 【1 7 】t h a tt h ed pe q u a t i o nh a s b i - h a m i l t o n i a ns t r u c t u r ea n da ni n f i n i t es e q u e n c eo fc o n s e r v e dq u a n t i t i e s ,a n dt h a t i ta d m i t se x a c tp e a k o ns o l u t i o n sw h i c ha r ea n a l o g o u st ot h ec he q u a t i o np e a k o n s l u n d m a r k 【31 】s h o w e dt h a tt h ed e g a s p e r i s p r o c e s ie q u a t i o nh a sn o to n l yp e a k e ds o l i 前言 3 = = = = = = := = := = = = = = = := = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = t o n s ( 0 0 4 ) ,b u ta l s os h o c kp e a k o n so ft h ef o r m u ( 州) = 一击啪( 咖- l 引,七 o t h ed pe q u a t i o nc a nb er e g a r d e da sam o d e lf o rn o n l i n e a rs h a l l o ww a t e rd y n a m i c s a n di t sa s y m p t o t i ca c c u r a c yi st h es a m ea sf o rt h ec hs h a l l o ww a t e re q u a t i o n a b o v ea l l ,t h ep e a k e dt r a v e l i n gw a v es o l u t i o n so fc he q u a t i o na n dd pe q u a t i o n r e p l i c a t eaf e a t u r et h a ti s c h a r a c t e r i s t i cf o rt h ew a v e so fg r e a th e i g h t - w a v e so fl a r g e s t a m p l i t u d et h a ta r ee x a c ts o l u t i o n so ft h eg o v e r n i n ge q u a t i o n s f o rw a t e rw a v e sc f 【5 , 9 ,3 5 f o ra l lb 0 ,t h eb - f a m i l yo fe q u a t i o n s ( o 0 2 ) h a sa tl e a s tt h r e ec o n s e r v a t i o n l a w sd e f i n e di nt h ef o l l o w i n g 17 , f e 1 = m d z , ,r e 2 :f 甜 b 妇 ,r 岛= p m ( 锘+ ) 虹 w h e r em = u u z z t h e r ea r et h r e eu s e f u lc o n s e r v a t i o nl a w sc o r r e s p o n d i n gt ot h e c he q u a t i o n ( 0 0 3 ) , l fx=m d x , j r 易= u - - - ( 如让) 2 ) d z , 尼= u + u ( 以乱) 2 ) 出, a n dt h ec o r r e s p o n d i n gc o n s e r v a t i o nl a w so ft h ed pe q u a t i o n ( 0 0 5 ) a r ea sf o l l o w s , n= f ,m d x , i n 前言4 w h e r e = ( 4 一磋) - 1 u 尼= 上u 3 如, 见= 上删z ,j k i t i sa l s os h o w ni n 【17 】t h a ta l lt h e s ee q u a t i o n si nt h ep e a k o n b - f a m i l yh a v en o t o n l yt h ep e a k o ns o l i t o n s ( 0 0 4 ) b u ta l s om u l t i p e a k o ns o l u t i o n s f o ra na r b i t r a r yc o n s t a n tb ,p ka n d 饥a r en o tc a n o n i c a lv a r i a b l e sb u ts a t i s f yt h ed y n a m i c a ls y s t e m 硪- - ( 面o g n ,颤= 鬻, w h e r et h eg e n e r a t i n gf u n c t i o ng i vi sg i v e nb y ,、 1 ( i n2 虿 互k = l p k p ye l 口j 一瓤i m o r er e c e n t l y ,a h i m o n a s ,g m i s o l e k ,g p o n c ea n dy z h o u 【2 3 】s t u d i e dt h e s t r o n gs o l u t i o no ft h ec a m a s s a - h o l me q u a t i o n ,w h i c hi si n i t i a l l yd e c a y i n ge x p o n e n t i a l l yt o g e t h e rw i t hi t ss p a c i a ld e r i v a t i v e ,m u s tb ei d e n t i c a l l ye q u a lt oz e r oi fi ta l s o d e c a y se x p o n e n t i a l l ya tal a t e rt i m e ;d a v i dh e n r y 2 2 】p u ts u c hk i n do fc o n c l u s i o n i n t ot h e6 一f a m i l yo fe q u a t i o n sw i t ht h em e t h o do f 【2 3 m e a n w h i l e ,a c o n s t a n t i n 【6 】s h o w e dt h a tt h ec l a s s i c a ls o l u t i o no ft h ec a m a s s a - h o l me q u a t i o nw i l lh a v ec o r n p a c ts u p p o r ti fi t si n i t i a ld a t ah a st h i sp r o p e r t y ;a n dg m u s t a f a 【3 3 】h a dt h es a m e p r o p e r t yi nt h ed e g a s p e r i s p r o c e s ie q u a t i o n i nt h i sp a p e r , w et r yt og e ts o m es i m i l a rp r o p e r t i e sm e n t i o n e di n 【6 ,2 2 ,2 3 ,3 3 , w i t ht h ef o l l o w i n ge q u a t i o nc a l l e dt h eb - f a m i l yo ft h ee q u a t i o n sw i t hd i s p e r s i o n : 0 t m + 让以m + b m o z u + k 以孔一7 0 3 z u = 0 ,( 0 0 6 ) g 一一 ej l 南 p 脯 l l zu t h ed e r i v a t i o no ft h ee q u a t i o nw i l lb es h o w ni ns e c t i o n2 w eh a v ef o u n di ti sc o n v e n i e n tt or e w r i t ee q u a t i o n ( 0 0 6 ) i nt h ef o l l o w i n gf o r m a 札一a 馥“+ ( b + 1 ) u o u + k 允u = 6 以u 磋u + u 0 3 。u + ,y 磋u ,t 0 ,z r ( o 0 7 ) n o t e t h a t g ( x ) = e k i ,z r t h e n0 - o ! ) 一1 ,= g 木,a n d g 水( u 一磋u ) = 缸 s ow ea l s oc a nc h a n g e ( o 0 7 ) i n t ot h ec o n s e r v a t i o nl a wf o r ma sf o l l o w s : o t u + u 讲弛( 孚c 圳2 ) + 况g 木( ( 仡一,y ) 缸) + y o u = 0 ,t 0 ,z r ( o 0 8 ) o n eo ft h em a i np u r p o s e so ft h i sp a p e ri st oe s t a b l i s ht h ef i n i t ep r o p a g a t i o ns p e e d p r o p e r t yf o r t h e6 一f a m i l yo fe q u a t i o n s ( 0 0 6 ) d u et o t h en o n l o c a ln a t u r eo ft h e c o n s e r v a t i o nl a wf o r m ( o 0 8 ) o ft h ee q u a t i o n ,i ti sn o tap r i o r ic l e a rt h a ta l o c a l i z e d i n i t i a ld a t am ( x ,0 ) ( t h a ti s ,o fc o m p a c ts u p p o r t ) w i l ln o ts p r e a do u ti n s t a n t l yt ot h e w h o l es p a t i a ld o m a i n b e l o ww ew i l lg i v et h et h e o r e m sa n d w i l lp r o v et h e mi ns e c t i o n 1 定理0 0 1 a s s u m et h a tm 0 :r _ r i sas m o o t hf u n c t i o nw i t hc o m p a c ts u p p o r t l e t0 b 3a n dk = ,y i ft h es o l u t i o nm ( x ,t ) o fe q u a t i o n ( 0 0 6 ) h a s 【0 ,t ) a s m a x i m a li n t e r v a lo fe x i s t e n c ei nt h ef u t u r ew i t hi n i t i a ld a t am o ,t h e nf o ra n yt 【0 ,t ) t h es m o o t hf u n c t i o nz _ m ( ,t ) h a sc o m p a c ts u p p o r t w ee s t a b l i s h e dt h a tt h es o l u t i o n st ot h eb - f a m i l yo fe q u a t i o n s ( 0 0 6 ) h a sf i n i t e p r o p a g a t i o ns p e e d s i n c e ( o 0 6 ) i se q u i v a l e n tt o ( o 0 7 ) ,t h en a t u r a lq u e s t i o n a r i s e s w h e t h e rt h i sp r o p e r t yi sc a p t u r e db yt h et i m ee v o l u t i o no ff u n c t i o nu t h e o r e m1 2 t e l l su st h a ti ti sn o tt h ec a s e 定理o 0 2 a s s u m et h a tu o :r ri sas m o o t hf u n c t i o nw i t hc o m p a c ts u p p o r t s u p p o s ek = 1 l e t0 b 3a n dt 0b et h em a x i m a le x i s m n c et i m eo ft h e 前言6 s m o o t hs o l u t i o nu ( x ,t ) t o ( o 0 7 ) w i t hi n i t i a ld a t au o i fa te v e r yt 【0 ,t ) t h es m o o t h f u n c t i o nz u ( x ,t ) h a sc o m p a c t s u p p o r t ,t h e n 仳i si d e n t i c a l l yz e r o a n o t h e rm a i no b j e c t i v eo ft h ep a p e ri st r y i n gt of o r m u l a t ed e c a yc o n d i t i o n so n as o l u t i o n ,a tt w od i s t i n c tt i m e s ,w h i c hg u a r a n t e e st h a t “三0 f o l l o w i n gt h ei d e ai n 【2 3 1 ,w eg e tt h em a i nt h e o r e m : 定理o 03a s s u m et h a tf o rs o m et 0a n d8 3 2 u c ( 【o ,t 】:h 8 ( r ) ) i sa s t r o n gs o l u t i o no f e q u a t i o n ( o 0 8 ) l e t0 b 3a n dk = 7 i f u o ( x ) = u ( x ,0 ) s a t i s f i e st h a tf o rs o m eq ( 1 2 ,1 ) , u o i 一0 ( e 叫) a n dl 以u o i o ( e 咄z ) a sz o o ,( o 0 9 ) a n dt h e r ee x i s t st l ( 0 ,卅s u c ht h a t t h e nu 三0 “( z ,t 1 ) i o ( e z ) a sz _ o o , ( 0 0 1 0 ) t h er e m a i n d e ro ft h i sp a p e ri so r g a n i z e da sf o l l o w s i nc h a p t e r1 ,w e b r i e f l yr e c a l lt h ed e r i v a t i o no ft h eb - f a m i l yo f e q u a t i o n s t h ep r o o f so ft h e o r e m 0 0 1a n dt h e o r e m0 0 2a r es h o w ni nc h a p t e r2 c h a p t e r3i sd e v o t e dt oe s t a b l i s h i n gt h ep r o o fo f t h e o r e m0 0 3 t h e nw ec o n c l u d ea n o t h e rt h e o r e mf r o mt h e o r e m 0 0 3a n dl e m m a 3 0 1 a tl a s t ,w ee s t a b l i s ht h a tt h e r ea r en os m o o t hs o l i t a r yw a v e so ft h e 6 一f a m i l yo f e q u a t i o n si nc h a p t e r 4 第1 章b - f a m i l y 方程的导出 t h e6 一f a m i l yo fe q u a t i o n sg o v e r n se v o l u t i o no fs h a l l o ww a t e rw a v e sw i t ht h e h o r i z o n t a lv e l o c i t i e si nt h ed i f f e r e n td e p t hr e l a t e dt ot h ep a r a m e t e rb i ti ss h o w nb y a c o n s t a n t i na n dd l a n n e s 【1 4 ,t h a tt h ec h ( b = 2 ) a n dd p ( b = 3 ) c a n b ed e r i v e d d i r e c t l yf r o mt h es h a l l o ww a t e r w a v e s i ng e n e r a l ,w ec a ng e tt h e6 一f a m i l ye q u a t i o n s i nas i m i l a rw a yf r o ms h a l l o ww a t e rw a v e s t os e et h i s ,s u p p o s et h a tt h ew a t e rf l o wi s i n c o m p r e s s i b l e ,i r r o t a t i o n a la n d i n v i s c i d t h e nb y 【14 1 ,w ek n o wt h a tt h ew a t e rw a v e e q u a t i o n sf o ro n e d i m e n s i o n a ls u r f a c e sr e a d ,i nn o n d i m e n s i o n a l i z e d f o r m i nf h , a t 弘- 1 , ( 1 0 1 ) a t z = e , a tz = e h e r ez e ( ,z ) m e a n st h ef r e es u r f a c e ,q = ( z ,z ) ;- 1 z e f ( ,z ) ) m e a n s t h ef l u i dd o m a i n ,w h i l e 砂( ,) r e p r e s e n t st h ev e l o c i t yp o t e n t i a la s s o c i a t e dt ot h ef l o w a n d e = 嚣,p = 幕h 2 ,w h e r eh i st h em e a nd e p t h ,ai st h et y p i c a la m p l i t u d e ,a n dai st h e t y p i c a lw a v e l e n g t ho ft h e w a v e s d e f i n et h ev e r t i c a l l ya v e r a g e dh o r i z o n t a lc o m p o n e n to ft h ev e l o c i t yb y u ( t ,z ) = l - a - - t ,z ,z ) 出 w h e ni ti si nt h es h a l l o ww a t e rc o n d i t i o n s ,t h es c a l i n gs h o u l db ep 1 ,e = o ( 1 ) w en o wc o n s i d e rm es o c a l l e dc a m a s s a h o l ms c a l i n ga sf o l l o w s :p 1 ,e = o ( p i ) w i t ht h i ss c a l i n g ,o n es t i l lh a s 弘1 t h ed i m e n s i o n l e s sp a r a m e t e ri sl a r g e rh e r e t h a ni nt h el o n gw a v es c a l i n g ,a n dt h en o n l i n e a re f f e c t sa r et h e r e f o r es t r o n g e ra n d i ti s p o s s i b l et h a tas t r o n g e rn o n l i n e a r i t yc o u l d a l l o w t h ea p p e a r a n c eo fb r e a k i n gw a v e s l e tu sd e f i n et h eh o r i z o n t a lv e l o c i t yu 0 ( 目【0 ,l 】) a tt h el e v e ll i n e 口o ft h ef l u i d 纠户也剐 , 缈上钆 0 k 一 划 地c = 卜 2 a , 旷 以m 酗 j 1 “旺孓氰 妒 = 一 + 磋力渺“以侥a 第1 章6 i l y 方程的导出 8 d o m a i n u 三u 0 ( z ) = 如矽i 。:( 1 + e e ) 口一1 l e t p r ,a = j ( 口2 一 ) a n d0 【0 ,l 】a s s u m e 口= p + 入,p = p 一石1 + a ,刀= 一百2 p 一石1 一互3 入,6 = 一兰p 一篓一耋a u n d e rt h ec a m a s s a h o l ms c a l i n g ,o n es h o u l dh a v et h ef o l l o w i n gc l a s so fe q u a t i o n s f o r 秽三u 0 ( 口 0 ,1 】) , 侥u + 如 + 兰e u 以v + l z ( q 磋u + p 夙磋u ) = 掣( 删诬3 u + 占以口磋秽) , ( 1 0 2 ) w h e r e0 ( e 4 ,p 2 ) t e r m sh a v eb e e nd i s c a r d e d m e a n w h i l et h ea v e r a g e dh o r i z o n t a lv e l o c i t yua n dt h ef r e es u r f a c e s a t i s f y u = u 口+ p a 磋u 口+ 2 # e u 口o x 2 i t 口, = “+ 羞u 2 + p 石1 侥以“一掣( 丢u 磋仳+ 去( 以乱) 2 ) i no r d e rt og e tt h eb - f a m i l yo fe q u a t i o n s ,w es h o u l dr e s c a l ea n ds h i ht h ed e p e n d e n t v a r i a b l e ,t h e na p p l yag a l i l e a nt r a n s f o r m a t i o nt oe q ( 1 0 2 ) i ft h ef o l l o w i n gc o n d i - t i o n sh o l d p 0 ,z r ( 1 0 3 ) o nt h eo t h e rh a n d ,t h es o l u t i o n o f ( 1 0 2 ) i st r a n s f o r m e dt ot h es o l u t i o nu o f ( 1 0 3 ) 第1 章b - f a m i l y 方程的导出 9 = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = : b y w i t h 缸( ,z ) 瓤杀+ 。= 熹( 6 + 1 ) ( 1 叫,皖= 一瓦1 ,y = 茜,a n dc = 鲁( 1 叫 w en o ws e et w os p e c i a lv a l u e so fb ( 1 ) t h ec a m a s s a h o l me q u a t i o n ( b = 2 ) 侥札一o t o ! u + 3 u o z u + ,c 以u = 2 以u 醒u + t 正缱u , t h i se q u a t i o nh o l di fi th a st h ef o l l o w i n gc o n d i t i o n s : w h e r ep = p 0 ,z 乏 第2 章b - f a m i l y 的紧支集 i nt h i ss e c t i o n ,w ew i l lg i v et h ep r o o f so ft h e o r e m1 1a n dt h e o r e m1 2 u s i n g t h em e t h o do fc h a r a c t e r i s t i c s ,w ep r o v et h e o r e m 1 1f i r s t 证明w ea s s o c i a t et h es o l u t i o nm w i t hi n i t i a ld a t am ( x ,0 ) = m o ( x ) t ot h ef a m i l y

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