仁爱英语七年级上册Unit3topic3 知识点总结.doc

仁爱英语七年级上册Unit 3 Topic 3知识点总结1一、不可数名词英语中，不能用具体数字来表示数量的名词是不可数名词。常见的有：water水 juice果汁 milk牛奶 money钱 food食物 bread面包 fish鱼肉 rice米饭 chicken鸡肉glass 玻璃注意：不可数名词没有复数形式，前面不能用具体的数字来表示数量，如：waters two money many breads 等，都是错误的。不可数名词前可用下面的词或短语来表示数量。some 一些； any一些； a lot of许多； a little一点； little几乎没有 等：some water 一些水； a lot of water 许多水； a little water一点水；little water 几乎没有水 也可以用一些短语来表示具体的数量。如：a glass of 一杯； a bag of一袋子 ； a box of一盒/箱子 ； a piece of 一张a glass of water 一杯水a piece of chicken一块鸡肉a box of bread 一盒子面包a bag of rice 一袋米two glasses of water 两杯水five pieces of chicken 五块鸡肉four boxes of bread四盒子面包three bags of rice三袋米二、重点短语1. help yourself ( to sth. )2. would like sth. = want sth. 3. would like to do sth. = want to do sth. 4. What about ？= How about？ 5. something to eat6. something to drink7. eat out 8. get sth 9. on Sunday 10. take + 人/物to + 地点 11. go to + 地点 12. a glass of water（milk） 13. take sbs order 14. chicken with vegetables 15. have lunch 16. have sth for lunch 17. why not ( + do sth) ?18. need sth. 19. need to do sth. 20. be kind to sb.21. be glad to do sth. 22. look forward to(doing)sth 1. 请（你）随便（吃/喝）2. 想要某物3. 想要做某事，愿意做某事4. 怎么样？ 5. 吃的东西6. 喝的东西7. 下馆子，到外面吃饭8. 得到某物9. (在)星期天10. 把带到去 11. 去某地 12. 一玻璃杯水（牛奶） 13. 记下某人点的饭菜 14. 带有蔬菜的鸡肉 15. 吃午饭 16. 吃做为午饭 17. 为什么不（做某事）呢？18. 需要某事 19. 需要做某事20. 对某人很友好21. 很高兴(乐意)做22. 盼望(做)某事短语详解1help yourself.请（你）随便.help yourself to sth. 请（你）随便吃/喝 如： Help yourself to some fish. Tom. 汤姆，请随意吃些鱼肉。 Help yourself to some water, Tom. 汤姆，请随意喝点水。 注意：如果对一个人说用“help yourself”；对多个人说用“help yourselves”， 这是考点 如： Help yourself to some milk, Tom. 汤姆，请随意喝些牛奶吧。 Help yourselves to some apples, kids. 孩子们，随便吃些苹果吧。2would like sth.想要某物 （常缩写为d）I would like an orange. = Id like an orange. 我想要个桔子。Tom would like a new bike.汤姆想要辆新自行车。 说明：would like sth. = want sth. I would like an orange. = I want an orange. 我想要个桔子。 注意：含有would的句子，改否定句在would后加not，改一般疑问句将would提句首。如：I would like an orange.我想要个桔子。 I would not like an orange.我不想要个桔子。 Would you like an orange ? 你想要个桔子吗？3. would like to do sth. 愿意做某事，想要做某事 如： I would like to read English with you. 我想和你一起读英语。She would like to help you.她愿意帮你。说明：would like to do sth = want to do sth. I would like to read English with you. 我想和你一起读英语。= I want to read English with you.4. would like sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事。Id like you to meet them.我想要你见他们。Id like them to help each other. 我想要他们相互帮助。5What about ？= How about ？ 怎么样？What about () ？是一句常用的客套话,它后面可接名词、代词宾格或动词-ing形式，用来询问与前一个事物相关的另一个事物的情况，可译为：怎么样？具体意思根据上下文来确定。如：Id like a cup of tea. What about you? 我想喝杯茶, 你呢? （=你想喝什么？）Im in Class Two. What about your brother ? 我在二班，你弟弟呢？（=你弟弟在几班？）I want to talk to you. 我要和你谈话. What about? 谈什么?Toms father is a worker. What about your father? 汤姆的父亲是个工人。你父亲呢？（=你父亲做什么？）I want to visit Beijing. What about him ? 我想参观北京。他呢？（=他想参观哪？） What about visiting Beijing ? 参观北京怎样？How about()？用法与What about () ？一样，意思也一样。6something to eat 吃的东西；something to drink 喝的东西 something to eat 吃的东西；something to drink 喝的东西 用肯定句或表请求的疑问句中。如：I would like something to eat. 我想要点吃的东西。Would you like something to drink ? 你想要点喝的东西吗？ (表示诚恳请求) 在否定句或一般疑问句中，应分别用“anything to eat吃的东西；anything to drink喝的东西”代替。 I have something to drink. 我有一些喝的东西。 I dont have anything to drink. 我没有一些喝的东西。 Do you have anything to drink ? 你有一些喝的东西吗？7eat out下馆子，到外面吃饭 They often eat out in Amerina. 在美国，他们经常到外面吃饭。 My mother is at home, but I would not eat out at all.我妈妈不在家。但是我一点也不愿意在外吃饭。8get sth 得到某物 He gets an yellow apple. 他得到了一个黄苹果。 I often get some money from my mother. 我经常比妈妈那儿得到一些钱。 注意：get + 人 叫来某人，抓到某人。 如：Please go and get him. 请你去把他叫来。 The police get the driver. 警察抓住了那个司机。9on Sunday 在星期天 注意：Sunday 星期天 是特定的时间段，首字母需大写。在星期天 或星期天的上下午晚等，介词需用on。如： We have no classes on Sundays. 星期天我们不上课。 They visit West Hill on Sunday morning. 他们星期天上午参观了西山。 Tom often eats out on Sunday evening. 星期天晚上汤姆经常出去吃饭。10take + 人/物to + 地点 把带到去 (take 表示“从近到远”，意思是：带走) I often take my brother to the zoo on Sundays. 星期天我经常带我的弟弟去动物。 Tom wants to take his dog to school. 汤姆想把他的狗带到学校去。 He doesnt take some money with him. 他身上没有带钱。11go to + 地点名词 去某地 come to + 地点名词 来某地 go to Beijing 去北京； go to school 上学； go to America 去美国 说明： go 去（表示“从近到远”），反义词是：come 来（表示“从远到近”）当去的地方是副词时，省去介词to，常见的表地点的副词有：不 go here能 come therehere 这里; there 那里; home家里 比较下面表达的意思。 come to Beijing 来到北京；come here 来这儿； come home 到家来 go to Beijing 去北京 go there 去那儿； go home 回到家 12a glass of 一玻璃杯 如：a glass of water一玻璃杯水 a glass of milk一玻璃杯牛奶Id like a glass of water. What about you? 我想想杯水。你呢？My grandmother drinks a glass of milk every day.我奶奶每天喝一杯牛奶。 13take sbs order 记下某人点的饭菜 这是餐厅里服务员常问顾客的用语：May I take your order ? 你要点菜了吗？14chicken with vegetables 带有蔬菜的鸡肉 with vegetables 介词短语作chicken的后置定语。又如：7 letters from my pen pals the teacher in red the young man in a green dress many studenst in our classa student in Grade Seven来自我笔友的信 穿红衣服的的老师穿绿裙子的年轻男子我们班的许多学生七年级的一个学生15have lunch 吃午饭 吃一日三餐，英语中习惯用have, 如：have breakfast吃早饭；have supper晚饭；have dinner 吃正餐而吃具体的东西则常用eat，如： eat bread吃面包；eat bananas 吃香蕉；eat meat 肉 She has lunch at home with her mother. 她在家里和妈妈一起吃午饭。 We have supper on the farm. 我们在农场里吃晚饭。 He doesnt often have breakfast on Sunday morning. 他星期天早上通常不吃早饭。16have sth for lunch 吃做为午饭 We often have bread for breakfast. 我们经常吃面包做为早饭。 The doctor has chicken with vegetables and rice for lunch.这个医生吃带有蔬菜的鸡肉做为午饭。 对本句中吃的内容提问则是：What does the doctor have for lunch? 这个医生吃什么做为午饭。用来提出建议17Why not ？ 为什么不呢？有何不可？ Why not + 动词原形 ？为什么不做某事呢？ Why not go home ? 为什么不回家呢？ Why not have some rice for lunch? 为什么不吃点米做为午饭呢？说明：Why not + 动词原形 ？是省略形式，全称是 Why dont you + 动词原形？ 如： Why not go and visit that old doctor ? = Why dont you go and visit that old doctor ? 为什么不去拜访一下那位老医生呢？18need sth. 需要某事 We need a lot of water. 我们需要大量的水。 I need your help. 我需要你的帮助。 Tom needs a new bike.汤姆需要一辆新自行车。 We dont need chicken and vegetables.我们不需要鸡肉和蔬菜。19need to do sth. 需要做某事 We need to get your help. 我们需要得到你的帮助。 Tom needs to take some money with him. 汤姆需要带一些钱。 They dont need to think of others.他们不需要考虑别人。20be kind to sb. 对某人很友好 The teachers in our school are kind to the students.我们学校的老师们对学生很友好。 His father is kind to his grandmother. 他的父亲对他的奶奶友好。 Some people are kind to their pets. but theyd not like to be kind to their parents. 有些人对他们的宠物很友好。但他们却不愿对他们的父母友好。21be glad to do sth. 很高兴(乐意)做 I am glad to meet you here. 很高兴在这儿遇到你。 All of us are glad to visit Beijing. 我们所有人都乐意去参观北京。22look forward to(doing)sth 盼望(做)某事 We look forward to your visit on Sunday. 我们盼望着你星期天的来访。 Tom looks forward to the letter from his pen pal in England.汤姆盼望着他在英格兰笔友的来信。 We look forward to visiting Beijing on Sunday 我们盼望着星期天访问北京。 Tom looks forward to getting his new bike. 汤姆盼望得到他的新自行车。三、重点句型与语法1 Would you like (some) sth ? 你愿意/想要些吗？ 如：Would you like some eggs ? 你想要些鸡蛋吗？ Would you like an apple?你想要一个苹果吗？Would you like to do sth.? 你愿意/想要做吗？ Would you like to go home? 你愿意回家吗？Would you like to play with them ? 你愿意和他们一起玩吗？肯定回答:Yes, Id like/love to. /Good idea. /OK. / All right./ Id love that./ Thanks, that would be very nice.否定回答: No, thanks. / Im sorry I cant, I have to do/ Id like that, but Im sorry I have no time.Id like some milk to drink. What would you like to drink?我想要些牛奶喝。 你想要喝什么？2情态动词would, will, could, can, may 在英语中，would愿意；will 愿意，将； can 能，能够；could能，能够（can的过去式）； may可以，能够；可能；祝，愿等单词是情态动词，后跟动词原形，用于各个人称数。 如：I would like something to drink. 我想要些喝的东西。He can help me with my English. 他能帮助我学英语。You could go there with them. 你能和他们一起去那儿。I may have some chicken for supper. 我可以吃点鸡肉做为晚饭。Tom will go there with you.汤姆愿意和你一起去那儿。 说明：含有情态动词的句子，改否定句时，直接在情态动词后加not，改为一般疑问句时，直接将情态动词提句首，句末加问号。如：I would like something to drink. 我想要些喝的东西。 I wouldnt like something to drink. (would not = wouldnt) Would you like something to drink? Yes, I would. No, I wouldntHe can help me with my English. 他能帮助我学英语。He cant help me with my English. (can not = cant = cannot) Can he help me with my English ? Yes, he can.You could go there with them. 你能和他们一起去那儿。You couldnt go there with them. (could not = couldnt ) Could you go there with them ? Yes, I can. No, I cant.I may have some chicken for supper. 我可以吃点鸡肉做为晚饭。I may not have some chicken for supper.（may not = maynt） May I have some chicken for supper ? Yes, you may. No, you mustnt.Tom will go there with you. 汤姆愿意和你一起去那儿。 Tom wont go there with you.（will not = mont） Will Tom go there with you? Yes, he will. No, he wont. 四、牢记下列句子1）有用的就餐用语1. Would you like something to drink ? Yes, a glass of apple juice , please. / No, thanks .2. What would you like to drink（have / eat）? I would like an egg and some fish. Let me see. Apple juice, please. 3. Would you like to have dinner with me? Yes, Id love to. / Yes, Id like to. Im sorry. I have to4. What do you usually have for breakfast? I usually have milk and bread for breakfast. 5. Help yourself Help yourself to some milk, Tom. Help yourselves to some fish, kids. 6. May I take your order ? 7. May I help you? 8. Can I help you? 9. What about some rice with vegetables ? 10. Why not have some fish and eggs ? Good idea.11. Milk for me, please. Me, too. 1. 想不想喝些东西？好的，请来一杯苹果汁。不，谢谢。2. 你想喝（吃）些什么？我想要来个鸡蛋和一些鱼肉。我想想看。苹果汁吧。3. 想和我共进晚餐吗？是的，非常乐意。对不起，恐怕我得4. 你通常早餐吃什么？我晚饭通常是牛奶和面包。5. 请随意。汤姆，请随便喝些牛奶吧。（看Tom;kids的单复数）孩子们，请随意吃点鱼肉吧。6. 请问你要点菜吗？7. 需要帮助吗？我能为你做点什么？8. 需要帮助吗？我能为你做点什么？9. 来点米饭和蔬菜怎么样？10. 为什么不吃些鱼肉和鸡蛋呢？好主意。11. 我要牛奶。我也是。2) 其它金句1. They are all kind to me.2. Im very glad to be here. 他们都对我很友好。我很乐意在这儿。3) 神奇的 And +名词 ? 呢？ 看下面的对话 AA：What about lunch?B：I usually have chicken and rice.A：And dinner ?B：Id like Jiaozi.BA：What does your mother do?B：She is a nurse.A：And your father ?B：He is a doctor.CA：How are you?B：Fine, thank you. And you?A：Im fine, too.可以看出，在前面已问了问题的情况下，接着问别的问题，可以用And + 名词(代词) ? 以避免重复。这个用法与What about？或 How about？相似。具体意思要根据上下文来确定。又如： ？I often go the zoo on Sundays. And you? ？ 星期天我常去动物园。你呢？4)动词ing形式。简写为“v-ing”形式一个英语句子，只能有一个谓语动词，