人教版高三英语定语从句专题讲解PPT课件.ppt

Teachingaims:,ToreviewcommonknowledgeoftheAttributiveClause2.TodeveloptheabilitytousetheAttributiveClause,定语从句专题,Underlinetheattributiveclauses:,Dontforgetthethingsthatonceyouowned.Treasurethethingsthatyoucantget.Dontgiveupthethingsthatbelongtoyouandkeepthoselostthingsinmemory.,曾经拥有的，不要忘记。不能得到的，更要珍惜。属于自己的，不要放弃。已经失去的，留作回忆。,语法讲解定语从句（theattributiveclause）,被定语从句限定的词是_(为_和_)，引导定语从句的词叫做_或_。,关系代词和关系副词有三大作用，即连接（连接定语从句和主句）、替代（替代前面的先行词）、成分（在定语从句中要充当一定的句子成分）。,在复合句中，充当_用的从句是定语从句,“先行词”,“关系代词”,“关系副词”,形容词,名词,代词,Sheisalovelygirlwhoisalwayshelpingothers.,who,关系词,定语从句,alovelygirl,先行词,关系代词,关系副词,基础知识回顾：,主语宾语定语表语,状语,Haveatry,指出关系代词（副词）在定语从句中的成份：1.ThemanwhocametoourschoolisMr.Wang.()2.Thegirl(whom)ImetisLucy.()3.ThechildwhoseparentsaredeadiscalledTom.()4.Ilikethebook(which)youboughtyesterday.(),主语宾语定语宾语,Haveatry,5.Hisparentswouldntlethimmarryanyonewhosefamilywaspoor.()6.Ilikethepersontowhomyoujusttalked.()7.Weshallneverforgetthedays(that)wespenttogether.()8.Weshallneverforgetthedaywhenwelivedtogether.(),定语介宾宾语状语,Exercises,Fillintheblankswiththerightwords1.KateisplanningtogoonaholidayinKorea,_issaidtobeveryniceinOctober,_itisverycool.ShewillstaywithMrs.King,_familyisquitelarge,andlivesinSeoul.Seoul,_isthecapitaloftheRepublicofKorea,isanimportantindustrialcity,_populationisabout9million.,which,when,whose,which,whose,2.Ivisitedtheshoefactory_Iworkedforthreeyears.Theyear_Iwas19yearsoldwasveryimportanttome.Iwasadmittedtoacollege_IlearnedEnglish.Thereason_IchosetolearnEnglishisquitesimple.Ilikeit.,where,when,where,why,定语从句,TheRestrictiveAttributiveClause限制性定语从句,TheNon-RestrictiveAttributiveClause非限制性定语从句,TheAttributiveclause考点与难点归纳,that与which的选择,介词+关系代词,as的使用,对where的考查,综合考查,难点,1.Hedidall/everything_hecouldtohelpme.2.Thisistheverything_Iamafter.3.Wetalkedaboutthemenandthethings_werememberedatschool.4.Heistheonlyman_candothework.5.Thisisthefirstthing_Iwanttosay.6.Heisthefinestman_Ihaveeverworkedwith.7.Whoistheman_spoketoyouatthegate？8.Whichisthestar_isnearesttotheearth？9.Chinaisnolongerthecountry_itusedtobe.,考点一.that与which的选择,that,that,that,that,that,that,that,that,that,在下列情况下只用that，不用which先行词是all,everything,nothing,anything,little,much,theone等不定代词时Thereisnothing(that)Icando.先行词被all,any,every,no,some,little,much等词修饰时Ihavereadallthebooks(that)yougaveme.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时Thisisthebestnovel(that)Ihaveeverread.,先行词被theonly,thevery(正是,恰是),thelast修饰时Thisistheverybook(that)Iwanttofind.当先行词有两个或两个以上时,既有人又有物,定语从句用that引导(that既可指人也可指物)Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschoolsthatinterestedhim.关系代词作定语从句中系动词的表语时Whatgreatchanges!Itisnotthecitythatitwastenyearsago.,先行词是疑问词who,which,what时，定语从句用that引导，避免重复,Whoisthepersonthatisstandingatthegate?Whichofusthatknowssomethingaboutphysicsdoesnotknowthis?Whatthatisonthetableisit?,1.that不能引导非限制性定语从句,2.that不能置于介词之后（介词后指物用which,指人用whom）,只用which不用that的情况：,1)Doyouhaveanything_youdontunderstand?2)Theonlything_wecandoistogiveyousomeadvice.3)Whoistheman_isstandingthere?4)Herbag,in_sheputallhermoney,hasbeenstolen.5)Sheheardaterriblenoise，_broughtherheartintohermouth.,that,that,that,which,which,thatorwhich？,考点二：介词+关系代词,2.Thecolorlessgasiscalledoxygen,_wecanrescuepatients.,3.Irecognizedtheboss_companymysisterwasworking.Heistheteacher_helpwehavemadegreatprogress.4.Iknowtheman_yourmotherturnedforhelp.,inwhich,fromwhich,forwhich,withwhich,inwhose,withwhose,towhom,which,whom,whose,1.根据定从中谓语动词或形容词的搭配习惯2.根据先行词的搭配习惯,注意：1.表示是先行词的一部分时，可用“数词/代词+of+关系代词”e.g.(1)Iveboughtquiteafewbooks,five_areEnglishnovels.(2)Thereare800workersinall,40%_arewomen.2.whose从句可转换为“of+关系代词”e.g.IboughtanancientChinesevase,_(其价格）wasveryreasonable.,ofwhich,whoseprice,ofwhom,Theyliveinahouse,whosewindowsaremadeofglass.Theyliveinahouse,_aremadeofglass.,句型转换,2.Hehastwodaughters,andbothofthemarecollegestudents.Hehastwodaughters,_arecollegestudents.,whom,bothof,3.Chinahashundredsofislands,thelargestofwhichisTaiWan.Chinahashundredsofislands,_thelargestisTaiWan.,ofwhich,4.ChinahasalotoffamouswritersandLuXunisoneofthem.Chinahasalotoffamouswriters,one_isLuXun.,ofwhom,As,which,难点一：as的用法,3._isknowntoall,heisthebeststudent.4.Jimpassedthedrivingtest,_surprisedeverybody.,asthatwhich1.Itissuchabigstone_nobodycanlift.2.Itissuchabigstone_nobodycanliftit.,as,that,难点一：as的用法,归纳：as与which引导非限制性定语从句都能指代整句内容，但定语从句位于句首时，只能用as,意为“正如、恰如”。,as引导非限定从通常出现在一些固定短语之中如：1ashasbeensaidbefore如上所述2asiswellknown众所周知3aswasexpected正如预料的那样4ashasbeenalreadypointedout正如已经指出的那样5asweallcansee正如我们都会看到的那样,模拟训练：,1.Heissuchalazyman_nobodywantstoworkwith_.A.as;himB.that;/C.as;/D.whom;him2.Mrs.Blacktookthepolicebackto_place_shewitnessedtherobbery.A.thesame;asB.thesame;whereC.thesame;thatD.asthesame;as,1.IvecometothepointwhereIcantstandhim.2.Thecountryisinthesituationwhereawarwillbreakoutatanytime.,我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。,国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。,where引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是表示具体地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。,难点二：一些特殊词之后的where,解析：如果定语从句修饰point,situation,stage,condition和case等表示抽象意义的词且先行词在定从中作状语时，常用where引导，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中”。,考查已从明显的地点转为“地点的模糊化”,Fillintheblanks:1.Thesituation_heisinisterrible.2.Wemaybetrappedinsuchasituation_wehavenoonetoturntoforhelp._weneverexpect.3.Thosesuccessfuldeafdancersthinkthatdancingisanactivity_sightmattersmorethanhearing.4.Wehavereachedastage_wehavealmostnorightsatall.,(which/that),where,where,where,as,做题要灵活：要分析句子成分，选择恰当的关系词。,1.Wearetryingtoreachapoint_bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.（山东）A.whichB.thatC.whereD.when2.-Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourself?-Yes,theresonepoint_wemustinsiston.（江西）A.whyB.whereC.howD./,高考题链接：,难点三.综合考查,近年来，高考对定语从句和其它句子如：并列句、强调句、和状语从句等的综合考查越来越多，这就要求考生有扎实的基础知识和较强的综合分析能力。,1).a.Isawsometrees,andtheleavesof_wereblackwithdisease.b.Isawsometrees,theleavesof_wereblackwithdisease.2).a.Theprofessorisalittleman,onthenoseof_thereisapairofglassesb.Theprofessorisalittleman,andonthenoseof_thereisapairofglasses,解题点拨:是否有连词是区分定语从句和并列句的关键。,them,whom,which,him,综合考查一.定语从句与并列句,难点三.综合考查,解题点拨：强调句型：Itis/was+被强调的成份+that/who+其它部分;去掉Itis/was.that/who,句子照样成立;而定语从句的引导词在句中要作成份。,2.定语从句与强调句,whenwherethat1.Thisisthelibrary_Iborrowedthebook.2.Itisfromthislibrary_Iborrowedthebook.3.-WheredidyoulastseeMr.Smith?-Itwasinthehotel_Istayed.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when4.a.Itwasatsevenoclock_hewenttoschoolthismorning.b.Itwassevenoclock_hewenttoschoolthismorning.,where,that,that,when,1.Weshouldgototheplace_wearemostneeded.2.Weshouldgototheplace_needsusmost.A.itB.whereC.thatD.what,B,C,3.ItwasOctober_wemetinShenzhenforthefirsttime.4.ItwasinOctober_wemetinShenzhenforthefirsttime.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.while,C,A,对比训练,5.Heissuchagoodteacher_wealllikehim.6.Heissuchagoodteacher_wealllike.A.whomB.thatC.asD.which,B,C,_wearemostneeded.,B,在复句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。需要学习和掌握的定语从句有以下三种：由关系代词或关系副词引导的定语从句。由介词+which引导的定语从句。非限制性定语从句。选用定语从句的关系词时，需注意两点：1.先行词2.关系词在从句中充当的成分。,总结:,做主语，宾语，定语用,关系代词,做状语用,关系副词,TheAttributiveclause考点与难点归纳,that与which的选择,介词+关系代词,as的使用,对where的考查,综合考查,难点,Enjoysomeproverbs:,1.天助自助者。Godhelpthosewhohelpthemselves.2.不到长城非好汉。HewhodoesntreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.3.笑到最后的人笑得最好。Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.4.Itsthefirststepthatcosts.万事开头难。5.Hewhoiscontent(满足)isalwayshappy.知足者常乐。,专题专练,1.Doyouthinksuchaplace_youspeakofisworthvisiting?HepromisedtocometoseemeonpurposeonSunday,_Idoubtverymuch.Thereisalakenearourschoolyard,_depthisoutofyourexpectation.-Doyouhaveanythinginmind_youdlikeforsupper?-Well,anythingisOkforme.5.Thehousein_heusedtolivehasturnedintoalibrary.,as,which,whose,that,which,根据汉语完成句子：1.Thisistheengineer_(给我们作关于计算机报告的)theotherday.2.Mynecklaceisnot_(唯一不见的东西）.3.Ivisitedthefarm_(养了很多牛的）.4.Pleasetellmethereason_（你误飞机的）.,whogaveusatalkaboutcomputers,theonlythingthatsmissing,wherealotofcowswereraised,whyyoumissedtheplane,高考题链接（2010年部分省市试题）：,1.Asachild,Jackstudiedinavillageschool,_isnamedafterhisgrandfather.(全国卷）A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that2.Thegirlarrangedtohavepianolessonsatthetrainingcenterwithhersister_shewouldstayforanhour.A.whereB.whoC.whichD.what(赣）3.Childrenwhoarenotactiveor_dietishighinfactwillgainweightquickly.(京）A.whatB.whoseC.whichD.th