人教版英语选修6 Unit1语法复习课件.ppt

Grammar,SubjunctiveMood虚拟语气南昌市洪都中学廖健,一.语气的分类,1.陈述语气(TheindicativeMood)用来陈述一个事实,或提出一种看法,有肯定，否定，疑问或感叹等形式。Iamnotinterestedinwhatyousaid.HaveyoueverbeentoFrance?Whatasplendidpalace!2.祈使语气(TheImperativeMood)用来表示请求，邀请，命令，警告或劝告等.Letshaveatalk.Dontjumpinthequeue.,英语的动词一般可带三种不同的语气:陈述语气,祈使语气和虚拟语气.不同的语气用动词的不同形式来表示。,3.虚拟语气(TheSubjunctiveMood)表示说话人所说的话不是事实,而是一种假设,愿望，怀疑或推测.虚拟语气主要用于if条件状语从句,也可用于名词性从句等.IfIwereyou,Iwouldnotleaveheralone.Ifitweretoraintomorrow,theywouldnotgoout.IfJackhadscoredthatgoal,wewouldhavewonthematch.Ourteachersuggestedthatwegotolabthisafternoon.,虚拟语气在if条件句中的用法,虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法,虚拟语气其他的用法,SubjunctiveMood虚拟语气的用法,虚拟语气在if条件句中的用法,1在非真实性条件句与主句中的用法1）表示与现在事实相反,例如：IfIwereyou,Ishouldaccepttheinvitation.如果我是你，我会接受邀请的。IfIhadtime,Iwouldgothere.如果我有空，我就去那儿。,虚拟语气在if条件句中的用法,1在非真实性条件句与主句中的用法2）与过去事实相反,例如：Ifyouhadcomeearlier,youcouldnthavemissedthebus.如果你早点来，你就不会错过那辆公共汽车了。Ifhehadseenyouyesterday,hewouldhavereturnedyourbook.如果他昨天见到了你，他就会还你的书的。,虚拟语气在if条件句中的用法,1在非真实性条件句与主句中的用法3）与将来事实可能相反,例如：Ifheweretocome,whatshouldwesaytohim.假如他来了,我们对他说什么呢？Ifheshouldseeme,hewouldknowme.假如他看见我,就会认识我。,虚拟语气在if条件句中的用法,2)if的省略如果条件句中有were,had,should等助动词，可将if省略，而把were,had或should置于句首,来表达以if引导的条件句的相同意思。例如：Shoulditrain/wereittoraintomorrow,themeetingwouldbeputoff.Hadheseenyouyesterday,hewouldhavereturnedyourbook.,虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法,3)含蓄条件句与主句.即用without(butfor),or(else)代替if从句。例如：Without/Butforhishelp,wewouldnthavemadesuchgreatprogress.Iftherehadntbeen/wehadntgothishelp,wewouldnthavemadesuchgreatprogress.,虚拟语气高考链接,1.Alice,whydidntyoucomeyesterday?I_,butIhadanunexpectedvisitor.(NMET)A.hadB.wouldC.wasgoingtoD.did,析:此题A、D明显不合上下文，因为乙方没有去。B选项若为wouldhave则成立，可以理解为IwouldhavecomeifIhadnthadanunexpectedvisitor.的简略式。但此处是would,故应排除B。只有wasgoingto可得体地表达“我原本打算去的，但是有不速之客造访”这一意思。,2.Iftherewerenosubjunctive,English_mucheasier.A.willbeB.wouldhavebeenC.couldhavebeenD.wouldbe,析：观察题干，可知全句表达的是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。故答案为D。,虚拟语气高考链接,3.Theguardatthegateinsistedthateverybody_therules.A.obeysB.obeyC.willobeyD.wouldobey,析：根据insist后的宾语从句谓语要用(should)do形式规律表虚拟语气，可确定正确答案是B。,虚拟语气高考链接,4.IwishI_youyesterday.A.seenB.didseeC.hadseenD.weretosee,析：此题表与过去事实相反的原望，答案应为C。,5.Withoutelectricityhumanlife_quitedifferenttoday.A.isB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.wouldbe,析：without引出一个含蓄条件句，主句表述的是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，故答案为D。,6.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlookasifit_.A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken,析；放入水中的铅笔看上去是断的，但实际上并非如此，因此是与现在的事实相反，这时asif从句谓语要用一般过去时，故答案为C。,虚拟语气高考链接,7._it_foryourhelp,Icouldnthavemadeanyprogress.A.Had;notbeenB.Should;notbeC.Did;notbeD.Not;be,析：根据主句谓语形式，可知从句要用haddone形式，故应选A，HaditnotbeenforyourhelpIfithadnotbeenfo