A Christmas Carol 课件.ppt

Unit7AChristmasCarol,ChristmascelebrationsintheWesttoday,FromNovemberonwards,itisimpossibletoforgetthatChristmasiscoming.Coloredlightsdecoratemanytowncentersandshops,alongwithshinydecorations,andartificialsnowpaintedonshopwindows.Instreetsandshops,Christmastrees(realorplasticevergreenconifertrees)willalsobedecoratedwithlightsandChristmasornaments.ShoppingcentersbecomebusierasDecemberapproachesandoftenstayopentilllate.ShoppingcentrespeakersystemswillplayChristmascarols-thetraditionalChristmasChristiansongs,andgroupsofpeoplewilloftensingcarolsonthestreetstoraisemoneyforcharity.MostplacesofworkwillholdashortChristmaspartyaboutaweekbeforeChristmas.AlthoughtraditionalChristmasfoodsmaybeeaten,drink(andplentyofit)meansthatlittleworkwillbedoneaftertheparty!Bymid-December,mosthomeswillalsobedecoratedwithChristmastrees,coloredlightsandpaperorplasticdecorationsaroundtherooms.Thesedays,manymorepeoplealsodecorategardentreesorhousewallswithcoloredelectriclights,ahabitwhichhaslongbeenpopularinUSA.Inmanycountries,mostpeoplepostChristmasgreetingcardstotheirfriendsandfamily,andthesecardswillbehungonthewallsoftheirhomes.InUKthisyear,theBritishPostOfficeexpectstohandleover100millioncardsEACHDAY,inthethreeweeksbeforeChristmas.,ThecustomofsendingChristmascardsstartedinBritainin1840whenthefirstPennyPostpublicpostaldeliveriesbegan.(Helpedbythenewrailwaysystem,thepublicpostalservicewasthe19thcenturyscommunicationrevolution,justasemailisforustoday.)Asprintingmethodsimproved,Christmascardswereproducedinlargenumbersfromabout1860.TheybecameevenmorepopularinBritainwhenacardcouldbepostedinanunsealedenvelopeforonehalf-penny-halfthepriceofanordinaryletter.Traditionally,Christmascardsshowedreligiouspictures-Mary,JosephandbabyJesus,orotherpartsoftheChristmasstory.Today,picturesareoftenjokes,winterpictures,FatherChristmas,orromanticscenesoflifeinpasttimes.,Christmascards,BoxingDay,InEnglish-speakingcountries,thedayfollowingChristmasDayiscalledBoxingDay.ThiswordcomesfromthecustomwhichstartedintheMiddleAgesaround800yearsago:churcheswouldopentheiralmsboxes(boxesinwhichpeoplehadplacedgiftsofmoney)anddistributethecontentstopoorpeopleintheneighborhoodonthedayafterChristmas.Thetraditioncontinuestoday-smallgiftsareoftengiventodeliveryworkerssuchaspostalstaffandchildrenwhodelivernewspapers.,MakingsenseofChristmas,TodayintheWest,notmanypeopleconsiderthereligiousmeaningtoChristmas.MostpeopleinUKorEuropewillnotgotoareligiouschurchmeeting,evenatChristmas.Ithasbecomeabusyracetospendmoneyonpresents,andgetreadyfortheDay.InUK,ourshopsstayopentilllateChristmasEveandoftenopenagainonBoxingDaywiththecut-pricesales.(Notmuchholidayforthepoorshopworkers!)AvisitorfromanotherworldwouldthinkthatChristmaswasafestivaltothegodsofmoneyandshopping.,WhatdoyouwantfromChristmas?,ManypeopledohopeformorethanpresentsatChristmas.Wewanttosomehowreturntoatimeinourchildhood(orsomeothergoodtimeinthepast),whenlifewassimplerandmademoresense,beforethetroublesofadultlifearrived.Wefeelsurethatbehindallthefunanddecorations,theremustsomehowbeamessage,somethingmore,somekeytolife,hopeandhappiness.SocanwelookbeyondthewayChristmasiscelebratedtoday,andfindanyrealmeaning,anymessageforourlivestoday?,CHRISTMASSYMBOLS,CANDLESChristmascandlesareallshapes,colors,sizesandscents.OntheAdventwreath,acandleisliteachweektoremindusofthecomingofChrist.CandlesrepresentJesuswhoisthelightoftheworld.,CHRISTMASCAROLSWhenSt.FrancisofAssisicreatedthefirstcrcheorNativity(manger)scene,heandotherssangthefirstcarols.Mostcarolswerehandeddownbywordofmouthforhundredsofyears.MostoftheearlycarolswereaboutMary,theshepherds,theMagiandthebirthofJesus.Latercarolsweresungbygroupsofpeoplewhowouldgotohomesandsinginharmony.,CHRISTMASSTARTheChristmasstarannouncedthebirthofChrist.Manysongswerewrittenaboutit.ThestarappearedonmanyofthefirstChristmascardsinthe1840s.StarswereplacedonthetopsofChristmasTrees.,CHRISTMASTREEEvergreentreesandtreebrancheshavebeenusedfordecoratinghomesforChristmas.ThedecoratedtreeoriginatedinGermanywhereafirtreewasdecoratedwithapplesandcandles.PrinceAlbertbroughtthecustomtoEngland.TheideaofdecoratingaChristmastreespreadtoAmerica.,GINGERBREADMakinggingerbreadcookiesandgingerbreadhousesisapopularactivityduringtheChristmasseason.Gingerbreadcookieswereusedtodecoratethetreeintheearlydays.Itiscalledgingerbreadbecauseofthegingerspicethatisusedinmakingthecookies.GingerbreadhouseswerefirstmadeinGermany.ThegingerbreadhousewaspopularafterthefairytaleofHanselandGretelbecamewell-known.,HOLLYHollytreescanbefoundaroundtheworld.Itremainsgreenduringthewintersoitisusedfordecorating.ThehollywreathresemblesthecrownofthornsplaceduponChristshead.Theberriesrepresenthisblood.,PLUMPUDDINGThefirstplumpuddingsweremadeinthe1600sandwerenotevenmadeofplums.Thepuddingwasastiffporridgetowhichwasaddedlumpsofmeat,driedfruits,butter,sugar,eggs,spices,rumandbrandy.ItwaspreparedweeksbeforeChristmas.,ORNAMENTSThefirstChristmastreesweredecoratedwithrealfruitandflowers.Cookies,nuts,candiesandotherkindsoffoodwereaddedlateron.Lightedcandleswerealsousedbuttherewasthedangeroffireswhenthecandleswerelit.Tinygiftswerealsohungonthetreesforornaments.InGermanyglassblowersbeganmakingglassballstodecoratethetrees.,Theoldmanwiththesack,FatherChristmas(orSantaClaus)hasbecomethehumanfaceofChristmas.Pictureswillbeseeneverywhereoftheoldmanwithlongwhitebeard,redcoat,andbagoftoys.ChildrenaretaughtthathebringsthempresentsthenightbeforeChristmas(orinsomecountriesonDecember6th-St.NicholasDay),andmanychildrenuptotheageof7or8reallybelievethisistrue.Inmostcountries,itissaidthathelivesneartheNorthPole,andarrivesthroughtheskyonasledge(snow-cart)pulledbyreindeer.Hecomesintohouses,downthechimneyatmidnightandplacespresentsforthechildreninsocksorbagsbytheirbedsorinfrontofthefamilyChristmastree.Inshopsoratchildrensparties,someonewilldressupasFatherChristmasandgivesmallpresentstochildren,oraskthemwhatgiftstheywantforChristmas.Christmascanbeatimeofmagicandexcitementforchildren.FatherChristmasisbasedonarealperson,St.Nicholas,whichexplainshisothernameSantaClauswhichcomesfromtheDutchSinterklaas.NicholaswasaChristianleaderfromMyra(inmodern-dayTurkey)inthe4thcenturyAD.Hewasveryshy,andwantedtogivemoneytopoorpeoplewithoutthemknowingaboutit.Itissaidthatoneday,heclimbedtheroofofahouseanddroppedapurseofmoneydownthechimney.Itlandedinthestocking,whichagirlhadputtodrybythefire!ThismayexplainthebeliefthatFatherChristmascomesdownthechimneyandplacesgiftsinchildrensstockings,E=EbenezerScroogeM=JacobMarley,In1843,CharlesDickenswroteoneofhismostfamousandlovedshortstoriesAChristmasCarol.Thestoryisaboutaselfish,bitter,oldman,whohasadream.Inhisdream,heisguidedpastChristmasinhislifeinthepast,thepresentandthefuture.Itshowshimthewayhewas,thewayheis,andthewayhewillbecome.Beforemeetinghisguide,theoldmansformerbusinesspartnerwhodiedsevenyearsagoappearsbeforehiminhisdreamtowarnhim.Andinthedream,theytalk:,E:Whatdoyouwantwithme?M:MuchE:Whoareyou?M:YouhadbetteraskmewhoIwas.,Quita,Quitb,E:Whowereyouthen?M:InlifeIwasyourpartner,JacobMarley.E:Canyou-Canyousitdown?M:Youdontbelieveinme,doyou?E:Idont.Whydoyoutroubleme?Whydoyoucometome?M:Peoplearesocialbeings.So,inlife,peoplemustspendgoodtimestogether.Iftheydo,thentheywillfindrestandhappinessinlife.Iftheydont,theywillneverfindrestandhappiness,noteverafterdeath.Thatismyfate.E:What-whatdoyoumean?Tellmemore.Speakcomforttome.M:Ihavenonetogive.Icannothelpyou.Icannotrest.Icannotstay.Icannotbewithyoumuchlonger.Listentome!Mytimeisnearlyup.,Quita,Quitb,E:Yes,yes.Iwill,butdontbeharduponme.M:Imheretonighttowarnyou,thatyouhaveyetachanceandhopeofescapingmyfate.E:Iknewit.Youwerealwaysagoodfriendtome.Thanks!M:YouwillbevisitedbySantaClause.E:Hesafairytalecharacter.Ishethechanceandhopeyoumentioned?M:Heis.E:Itisridiculous.Istherenootherway?M:NO,thereisnt.learnfromhim.Withouthisvisit,thereisnowayyoucanescapemyfate.Expecthimtomorrow,bytheendoftheday.,Quita,Quitb,Questionsonthedream:,WhatistherelationshipbetweenEbenezerandJacob?IsEbenezershownthewayhewas,thewayheisandthewayhewillbecomeinthisdream?WhoisEbenezersguidetoguidehimpasthisXmas?WhatisJacobfate?,1,2,3,Theyarebusinesspartners.,No,heisnt.,SantaClausis.,Inlife,hedidntspendgoodtimestogetherwithotherpeople,sohedidntfindrestandhappinessandhedontevenafterdeath.,1,2,3,WhydoesJacobsay:YouhadbetteraskmewhoIwas?WhydoesJacobvisitEbenezerinEbenezersdream?WhatdoesEbenezerhavetodotoavoidJacobsfate?,BecauseJacobhasdied.,Hewantstowarnhispartner.,EbenezerhastomeetSantaClaustoescapehisfate.,Readthestoryandcompletethefollowingformtotellwhoarethosepeople?,E:EbenezerScrooge,S:SantaClaus,B:BobCratchit,F:Fred,E:Agentleman,Abusinessman;Bobsboss.,EbenezerScroogesguide.,AworkerinEbenezerscompany,Ebenezersnephew,Amanwhoaskspeopletomakeacontributiontothepoor.,Answerthefollowingquestionsonthestory:,Whendoesthestoryhappen?Wheredoesithappen?WhatisEbenezerswayofcelebratingXmas?WhydoesEbenezerthinkthatXmashasntdonegoodtohisnephew?WhendidJacobMarleydie?DoesMr.Marleymeethisguideinhisdream?WhatisthetruespiritofXmasaccordingtoFred?WhatisEbenezerlike?Formwhatcanyoufindthatheissuchaperson?Giveseveralexamplesfromthestory.DoyouthinkEbenezerishappy?,Whendoesthestoryhappen?Wheredoesithappen?WhatisEbenezerswayofcelebratingXmas?WhydoesEbenezerthinkthatXmashasntdonegoodtohisnephew?WhendidJacobMarleydie?,IthappensonaChristmasEve.,IhappensinEbenezersoffice.,HiswayofcelebratingXmasistoleaveXmasalone.,Becausehethinkshisnephewisstillpoor.,HediedontheverynightbeforeChristmasDay7yearsago.,6.DoesMr.Marleymeethisguideinhisdream?7.WhatisthetruespiritofXmasaccordingtoFred?8.WhatisEbenezerlike?Formwhatcanyoufindthatheissuchaperson?Giveseveralexamplesfromthestory.9.DoyouthinkEbenezerishappy?Whydoyouthinkso?(discussion),Yes,hedoes.,AccordingtoFred,thetruespiritofXmasistostoponlythinkingaboutyourself,buttoopenyouhearfreelyandthinkofotherpeople,Heisselfish,cold,bitter,meanandhard.,a.HescoldedBobforwarminghandsoverthecandle.,b.HereluctantlygaveBobadayoffonChristmas.,c.Herefusedtohavedinnerwithhisnephew.,d.Herefusedtomakeacontributiontothepoor.,Readthestoryandcompletethefollowingformtotellwhoarethosepeople?,Ebenezersgirlfriendwhenhewasyoung,Bobwife,Bobsdaughter,SomeonewhotellsthebutchertodeliverabigturkeytoBob.,Answerthefollowingquestionsonthestory:,IsEbenezershownhispastorfutureortheboth?WhatdoesLisameanbysayingthegoldenidol?WhydoesntsheloveMr.Scroogeanymore?WhydoesntEbenezerlikethefirstscenegivenbySantaClaus?HowmanychildrendoesBobhave?Wheredoesthefamilycelebrationinthesecondscenehappen?IsTinyTimdeadinreality?WouldTinyTimdieifEbenezerdidntmeethisguideSantaClausandchangedhimself?WillTinyTimdiebecauseoflackofmedicinesafterEbenezerchangeshimself?WhatisBoblike?Howdoyouknowthis?,11.WhydoeMrs.CratchitnotwanttodrinkatoasttoEbenezer?12.DoesMr.Scroogebegintochangehislife?13.Ifhedidntchangehislife,andTinyTimreallydieinthefuture,wouldMr.Scroogeberesponsibleforhisdeath.14.WhatdoesBobfeelatMr.Scroogesvisitwithalargeturkey?15.WhatdoyouthinkCharlesDickenswanttotellpeoplebycreatingsuchastory?(discussion),IsEbenezershownhispastorfutureortheboth?WhatdoesLi