情态动词归纳表.doc

情态动词归纳表情态V词义&用法注意事项特殊用法can could1.表具备某种能力Can表现在能力；Could表示过去能力.可用be able to代替；was/were able to to表示成功做了某事 （1） 表惊异、怀疑、不相信、不耐烦等。（此意常用于否定句、疑问句或惊叹句语气）Can/Could this be true?（2）can nottooenough表示无论怎样也不过分,越越好：You cant be too careful.2.表请求和允许请求用could 语气委婉允许不用 could.3. 表“可能性”1 can用于否定和疑问句(could不限)2 can (be)表示有时候会（常与sometimes, at times 连用）maymight 1.表请求和允许请求用might语气更委婉。允许时用may，表示“可以”（表示允许时不用might）。（1）may/might well+V原形：表完全可能,，很可能= be very likely to:He may well be proud for his son.（2）may/might as well+V原形：最好，满可以，倒不如You may as well stay here over night.2.表可能性“也许”此意常用于肯定句。（might可能最小）3表祝愿固定句型为“May+主语+V原型”：May you succeed! must1.表“必须”1 must多表主观、现在/将来义务; have to多表客观、过去义务2 mustnt表禁止；否定用neednt / dont have to（1） 表示必然结果：All men must die.人固有一死。（2）表示一种与说话人愿望相反、不耐烦的感情色彩，可译为“一定要、偏偏、非要”：If you must know, her name is Mary.2.表推测：“肯定是、准是”只用于肯定句。在否定句/疑问句中用can/couldwillwould1.表意愿,决心等Would此时为will过去式，无意义差别（1） will表命令（说话者确定命令一定会得到执行）或允诺：You will report to me afterwards.(命令)They will get enough money from me.(允诺)（2） 可用于祈使句附加疑问句(反义疑问句)：(此时would比will委婉) Dont go now, will you?（3） would短语：would rather/would prefer宁愿；would like/would love喜欢/想要2.表经常性，习惯性，倾向性，Would表过去反复的动作/某种倾向(相对于used to无“现已无此习惯”之义。)3.表功能，性质叙述真理：The tree will leave without water for 3 months.4.表估计：“想必，大概”（只时态区别）此意表对目前事物的预料。That will be the postman ringing.(would表示过去/现在；will表示现在/将来)5. 表“请求/要求”（Will you？）此意用于疑问句，常与you连用Will you give me a piece of paper?shall /shant1.表征求意见（“好不好”）用在第一、三人称Shall the reporters wait outside or what?其他示例：He shall have the book when I finish reading.(允诺) You shall fail if you dont work harder.（警告）You shall come at once.（命令）2.表允诺、威胁、警告、命令或根据规定有义务做用于第二、第三人称Passengers shall not talk with the driver while the bus is moving3.表规章、法令、预言：“必须”用于所有人称Every competitor shall wear a numbershouldought to1.表示道义上的责任，义务或要求，有时表示劝告：You ought to /should pay more attention to what your lawyer says.（1）should 用于疑问句中表示说话人对某事不能理解，惋惜，感到意外，赞叹，愤怒、惊异等感情，意为“竟会”，有时也用于陈述句中（2）Should还可以用在if引导的条件从句，表示一件事听起来可能性很小，但也不是完全没有可能，相当于“万一”的意思。（见注意）2.表示推测和可能性，是“ (按理说)应该”之意肯定的语气没有must用于推测时强This pen ought to /should be yours. 3.表示说话人的一种谦逊，客气，委婉的语气此意常用于第一人称时：You are mistaken , I should say . (依我看你是搞错了)注：情态动词在表推测的肯定程度是不一样的。按最有把握到最没把握排列，这几个词的顺序是；mustwillwouldshouldcancouldmaymight【情态动词(Modal Verbs )】* 情态动词也可称为“情态助动词 (Modal Auxiliaries)”，因为它和基本助动词(be, do, have)都属于助动词类。* 情态动词和其他动词连用，可表示说话人的语气。* 情态动词可表达建议、要求、可能和意愿等。* 情态动词没有人称和数的变化。* 常用的情态动词有：can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would这九大情态动词；其他的还有ought to, need, dare 等。*时态部分：be表示对现在的推测 have done表示对过去的推测 be doing表示对正在进行的推测中考考点情态动词练习1. -Mum， may I watch TV now? -Sure, but you _ help me with my English.A. can B. may C. must D. could2. -_ I download the article again? -No, you neednt.A. Shall B. Will C. Must D. Can3. -Can you go skating with us this afternoon? -Sorry, I cant. I _ take care of my little sister at home.A. can B. may C. would D. have to4. -Must I hand in my exercise book today? -No， you _.A. cant B. neednt C. mustnt D. wont5. -May I have a word with you? -No, you _. Im busy today.A. neednt B. wouldnt C. dont have to D. cant6. -_I have your English name, please? -Yes, Helen. H-E-L-E-N.A. Must B. May C. Will D. Need7. -Who is the boy over there? Is it John? -No, it _ be him. John is much taller.A. mustnt B. may not C. cant D. neednt8. -Can you play Frisbee, Jay? -Yes, I _. Its easy.A. must B. can C. need D. may9.-You must come back every month. -Yes, I _.A. will B. must C. should D. can10. She _ know the answer, but Im not sure.A. maybe B. may be C. may D. must11. - Must we clean the room right now? - No， you. You clean it after lunch.A. neednt；may B. neednt; mustC. Mustnt；can D. mustnt；may12. John_ come to see us tonight, but he isnt very sure yet.A. may B. can C. has to D. must13. Children _ play with fire.A. mustnt B. cant C. shouldnt D. neednt14. -_ I come in, Mr.