8BUnit4Grammar课件2

Unit4Acharityshow,Grammar,被动语态,被动语态的谓语部分由“be+动词过去分词”构成，其中，句子的时态由be的时态体现。在含被动语态的句子中，主语是动作的承受者，如果要说明动作的执行者，前面用介词by引出。如：Englishisusedeverywhere.到处都在说英语。(一般现在时)Thesmallgirlwastakentothehospitalbyherparents.这个小女孩是由她的父母带到医院的。(一般过去时),被动语态可用于多种时态中，以表示动作发生的时间不同。先让我们看看被动语态的各种时态结构形式：,结构,一般现在时,am/is/are+动词的过去分词,一般过去时,was/were+动词的过去分词,主动语态和被动语态的转换:,主:,被:,I,learn,English,English,islearned,me,+,+,+,+,by,Passivevoiceinsimplefuturetense,Weusethepassivevoiceinthesimplefuturetensewhentheactionhasnottakenplaceyet.e.g.,Theprojectwillbefinishednextmonth.这项工程将于下月竣工。Shallwebeaskedtoattendtheopeningceremony?会邀请我们参加开幕式吗？,肯定式：willbe+动词过去分词begoingtobe+动词过去分词否定式：willnotbe+动词过去分词benotgoingtobe+动词过去分词一般疑问句结构：Will+主语+be+动词过去分词?be+主语+goingtobe+动词过去分词?,一般将来时的被动语态结构为：,Weformthepassivevoiceinthesimplefuturetense.,ThecharityshowwillbeheldnextSundayafternoon.义演将在下周日下午举行。Theyarenotgoingtobeinvitedtotheparty.他们将不会受邀参加晚会。Iseverythinggoingtobesoldtonight?所有东西今晚都会卖出吗？,e.g.,Questionsaboutthecharityshow,TheClass1,Grade8studentsaregoingtoorganizeacharityshow.DanielisaskingSandyaboutthedetails.HelpSandyanswerDanielsquestionsusingthepassivevoice.,alotofpeoplefromlocalbusinessatleast100,000yuanintheschoolhallMillienextSundayafternoontohelpProjectHopeinChina,Daniel:Whenisthecharityshowgoingtobeheld?Sandy:_2.Daniel:Wherewilltheshowbeheld?Sandy:_3.Daniel:Whowillbeinvitedtotheshow?Sandy:_4.Daniel:Whowillbechosenasthehostofthecharityshow?Sandy:_5.Daniel:Howmanymoneywillberaisedintheshow?Sandy:_6.Daniel:Whatwillthemoneybeusedfor?Sandy:_,ThecharityshowisgoingtobeheldnextSundayafternoon.,Theshowwillbeheldintheschoolhall.,Alotofpeoplefromlocalbusinesswillbeinvitedtotheshow.,Milliewillbechosenasthehostofthecharityshow.,Atleast100,000yuanwillberaisedintheshow.,ThemoneywillbeusedtohelpProjectHopeinChina.,Passivevoiceinpresenttense,Weusethepassivevoiceinthepresentperfecttensewhentheactiontookplaceinthepastandcontinuestothepresentorstillhasconnectionwiththepresent.e.g.,Theclotheshavebeenwashed.衣服已经洗过了。Hasthemagazinebeenreadbyhisfather?他父亲已经看过这本杂志了吗？,肯定式：have/hasbeen+动词过去分词否定式：have/hasnotbeen+动词过去分词一般疑问句结构：Have/Has+主语+been+动词过去分词？,现在完成时的被动语态结构为：,AlotofmoneyhasbeendonatedtoProjectGreenHope.许多钱已捐给绿色希望工程。Wehaventbeenchosentoworkonthecharityshow.我们没被选上做义演工作。Haveyoubeeninvitedtotheparty?你被邀参加聚会了吗？,e.g.,Practise:,CompleteDanielandKittysconversationusingthepassivevoiceinthepastorthepresentperfecttense.,Daniel:HowwasRickyscharityshow,Kitty?Kitty:Itwasabigsuccess.Daniel:Ricky_(choose)asthehostoftheshow,wasnthe?Kitty:Yes,Hewasveryexcited.Daniel:Why_theshow_(hold)?,waschosen,was,held,Kitty:It_(organize)toraisemoneyforProjectGreenHope.Daniel:Didanystarsgototheshow?Kitty:Yes,alotofpopstar_(invite).It_(support)bysomelocalbusinessestoo.,wasorganized,wasinvited,wassupported,Practise:,CompleteDanielandKittysconversationusingthepassivevoiceinthepastorthepresentperfecttense.,Daniel:Howmuchmoney_(raise)?Kitty:Quitealot.Rickyfeltveryhappy.Themoney_already_(donate)toProjectGreenHope.,hasbeenraised,has,beendonated,Practise:,CompleteDanielandKittysconversationusingthepassivevoiceinthepastorthepresentperfecttense.,Passivevoicewithmodelverbs(can,may,must,must,andshould),Weformthepassivevoicewithmodalverbs.,含有情态动词的被动语态结构为：,肯定式：can/may/must/should/oughtto+be动词过去分词否定式：can/may/must/should+not+be+动词过去分词oughtnotto+be+动词过去分词一般疑问句结构：Can/May/Must/Should+主语+be+动词过去分词?Ought+主语+to+be+动词过去分词?,Thespeakersmaybeputinthefourcornersoftheschoolhall.扬声器可以放置在学校大厅的四个角落。Thecurtainshouldntbehungbehindthestage.幕布不应该挂在舞台的后面。Canbooksbetakenoutofthelibrary?书可以被带出图书馆吗？,e.g.,Practise:,Hallarrangement,Kittyisthinkingabouthowtoarrangethethingsintheschoolhallforthecharityshow.Helpherwritesomenotesusingthepassivevoice.,_(should/hang/acrossthestage),_(may/stick/onthesidedoor),Thecurtainsshouldbehungacrossthestage.,Theexitmaybestuckonthesidedoor.,_(can/arrange/infrontofthestage),_(should/place/atbothsidesofthestage),Practise:,Hallarrangement,Kittyisthinkingabouthowtoarrangethethingsintheschoolhallforthecharityshow.Helpherwritesomenotesusingthepassivevoice.,Seatscanbearrangedinfrontofthestage.,Lightsshouldbeplacedatbothsidesofthestage.,_(must/set/inthemiddleofthestage),_(may/put/inthefourcornersoftheschoolhall),Practise:,Hallarrangement,Kittyisthinkingabouthowtoarrangethethingsintheschoolhallforthecharityshow.Helpherwritesomenotesusingthepassivevoice.,Themicrophonemustbesetinthemiddleofthestage.,Thespeakersmaybeputinthefourcornersoftheschoolhall.,WorkouttheRule!,Weusewillbeor_+pastparticipletoformthepassivevoiceinthesimplefuturetense.Weuse_+pastparticipletoformthepassivevoicewithmodalverbs.Weuse_or_+pastparticipletoformthepassivevoiceinthepresentperfecttense.,begoingtobe,can/may/must/oughtto+be,has+been,have+been,Exercise:用所给词的适当形式填空。,Thepolicemenaskallthepeople_(be)carefulontheroad.2.Morehouseswill_(build)inthreeyears.3.Shehasapet_(call)Beibei.4.Thischildd