课件：名词性从句.ppt

名词性从句,请判断出下列的句子属于哪种从句,WhatIwanttodoistakingabath.Thenewsthattheywonthegamespreadthewholeschool.Idontthinkheisanhonestboy.Thefactisthathestolethecar.Doyouknowthefactthathestolethecar?Doyouknowthemanwhoisstandingoverthere?Itissaidthattheywonthegame.,(主从),(同位语从句),(宾从),(表从),(同位语从句),(定从),(主从),主语从句,在句中充当主语的从句叫做主语从句。,他星期三来这里是肯定的。,ThathewillcomehereonWednesdayiscertain.,注意：从句作主语时，就算是句子意思完整，都要加上从属连词that,他星期三是否来这里还不肯定的。,WhetherhewillcomehereonWednesdayisnotcertain.,注意：主语从句表示“是否”只用“whether”而不用“if”,主语从句,主语从句有时用“it”作形式主语，把真正的主语放在后面，以避免头重脚轻。,Itisknowntousthathewillcomehere.,用it形式主语的that从句有以下四种不同的搭配：,It+be+形容词that从句,Itisnecessarythat有必要Itisimportantthat.重要的是Itisobviousthat很明显,It+be+-ed分词that从句,Itisbelievedthat人们相信Itisknowntous/allthat.众所周知Ithasbeendecidedthat已经决定,It+be+名词that从句,Itiscommonknowledgethat是常识Itisasurprisethat.令人惊奇的是Itisafactthat事实是,It+不及物动词that从句,Itappearsthat似乎Ithappensthat.碰巧Itoccurredtomethat我突然想起,表语从句,在句中充当表语的从句(即放在be动词后面)叫做表语从句。,我们的目的是他能认识到错误。,Ourpurposeisthathecanrealizehisfaults.,注意：引导表语从句的连接词一般不省略。,问题是它是否值得做,Thequestioniswhetheritisworthdoing,注意：表语从句表示“是否”只用“whether”而不用“if”,试区分以下句子,Isthismuseumwhatyouvisited?,Isthisthemuseumthatyouvisited?,Isthismuseumtheonethatyouvisited?,注意：这种句子考试时一定要记住这句话：名词前（尤其是单数可数名词前）一定要有限定词。然后把句子变换成陈述句，接着判断句子是属于哪种从句再完成。,(表从),(定从),(定从),宾语从句,在句中充当及物动词或介词宾语的句子叫做宾语从句。,我不知道你会来这里,Idontknow（that）youwillcomehere,注意：that在从句中不充当任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常常被省去,我不知道他来不来。我想知道他来还是不来。你们是在谈论着他来还是不来吗？他不在乎天气是否好。,Idontknowwhether/ifhewillcome.,Iwanttoknowwhetherhewillcomeornot.,Areyoutalkingaboutwhetherhewillcome?,Hedoesntcareifitisntafineday.,注意：在宾语从句中，表示“是否”既可以用whether,也可以用if.但是，whether常与ornot连用；作介词宾语只用whether;从句是否定句时一般用if。,宾语从句中的否定转移,我认为他不会来这里,Ithinkhewontcomehere.()Idontthinkhewillcomehere.(),注意：如果宾语从句是由think,believe,imagine,suppose等词引导的时候，要将从句中的否定形式转移到主句中去。,宾语从句中用it作形式宾语,Wethinkitourdutythatweshouldhelpothers.Ifinditimpossiblethatheshouldfinishtheworkintwodays.,注意：如果主句中有形容词或名词作宾语补足语时，一般用it来作形式宾语，把从句放在宾补后面。,同位语从句,在句中用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。同位语从句一般放在如idea,news,fact,promise,suggestion,belief,truth等含有丰富内涵的词语后面，用来说明前面那个词的具体内容。一般说来，同位语从句都用that来作连接词，而且不能省略。也可用how,when,where等。,他给了她一个承诺，他会在两个月后回来。,Hegaveherapromisethathewouldcomebackaftertwomonths.,试区分以下句子,Doyouknowthefactthathestolethecar?,Doyouknowthefactthattheyweretalkingabout?,注意：1.如果是定语从句，它的从句肯定是不完整的，关系词肯定在句中充当成分的；而同位语从句中的that只起连接作用。2.定语从句是对先行词起修饰作用，而同位语从句则解释说明先行词的具体内容。,(同从),(定从),注意：名词性从句的难点在于其句型结构不同，所使用的连词比较复杂。因此,如何确定正确的连词是突破名词性从句的关键。解决这一问题可以从以下几点入手：,依据“缺什么补什么”原则确定正确的连词。所谓“缺什么补什么”是指句型结构与连词之间的关系。如果句子中缺主语，指人用who，指物用what；如缺宾语，指人用whom，指物用what；如缺时间状语用when；地点状语用where；原因状语用why；方式状语用how；定语用what或which；什么都不缺用that。Iknowwhatheistalkingabout.（缺宾语指物）我知道他正在谈论什么。Imsurethathewillcometomorrow.（什么都不缺）我确信明天他会来。Wherehewillgoisunknown.（缺地点状语）他要去哪儿还不知道。IdontknowwhichbookIshouldchoose.（缺定语）我不知道应该选哪本书。,注意几组易混连词whether与if；that与what的使用：引导主语、表语、同位语从句时关联词只用whether不用if表“是否”。引导宾语从句时whether,if均可。Thequestioniswhetherthefilmisworthseeing.问题是这部电影是否值得看。Whetherweshallattendthemeetinghasntbeendecidedyet.是否我们要参加这次会议仍未被决定。Wedontknowwhether/ifsheisready.我们不知道她是否准备好了。that引导从句时不做成分，无意义；而what在从句中充当成分，有意义。Whathesaysisimportant.他所说的很重要。Thatlighttravelsfasterthanthesoundisafact.光传播速度比声音快是个事实。,1.Noonecanbesure_inamillionyears.A.whatmanwilllooklikeB.whatwillmanlooklikeC.manwilllooklikewhatD.whatlookwillmanlike2.Doyouknow_hesgettingalongwellwithhisEnglish?A.howB.thatC.whatD.which3.Thereasonwhyhedidntcometothepartyis_hewasill.A.becauseB.whyC.thatD.when4.Goandgetyourcoat.Its_youleftit.A.thereB.whereC.therewhereD.wherethere,巩固练习：,A,B,C,B,5._morecountriescanusenaturalenergyinfuture_tobeseen.Whether;remainsB.What;remainsC.Who;remainedD.If;remains6._shecouldntunderstandwas_fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.What;whyB.That;whatC.What;becauseD.Why;that7._surprisesmemostisthatshedoesntevenknow_thedifferencebetweenthetwolies.What;whereB.What;whatC.That;whereD.That;what8._isnotyetdecided_thetestwillbegiven.That;whenB.It;whoC.That;whoD.It;when,A,A,A,D